Chemistry Unit 4: Covalent Bonding

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hexaboron monosilicide

B6Si

What shape would H2O be?

Bent

Which of the following compounds is formed by covalent bonding? Na2S, AlCl3, C6H12O6, or LiH

C6H12O6, because they're all nonmetals

CH4 (methane)

Carbon tetrahydride

Chlorine dioxide

ClO2

molecular substance

aka a covalent, is made of nonmetals

dinitrogen trioxide

N2O3

Ammonia

NH3

Which of the following molecules contains a polar covalent bond? H2, PH3, F2, or NH3?

NH3, because the electronegativity is not 0

Phosphorus triiodide

PI3

ionic compound properties

high melting and boiling point, good conductors when melted or dissolved, hard, and brittle

SeF6

selenium hexafluoride

Delta EN of non-polar

0.0-0.4

Delta EN of polar

0.5-1.7

Delta EN of ionic

1.7-3.3

Which of the following molecules contains a non-polar covalent bond? H2O, HF, F2, or NH3

F2, because the delta electronegativity is 0

Which of the following molecules has the most polar bond? HF, HCl, HBr, or HI

HF, because fluorine has a high electronegativity

Hydrogen Monoiodide

HI

Diotomics

Hydrogen, nitrogen, fluorine, bromine, chlorine, iodine, and oxygen

Iodine pentafluoride

IF5

What shape is H — Cl ?

Linear

antimony tribromide

SbBr3

What shape would CCl4 be?

Tetrahedral

What happens when an atom of H and and atom of F bond together?

The H bond will be partially positive, while the F bond will be partially negative. The F bond will also be more electronegative than the H bond.

What shape would NH3 be?

Trigonal pyramidal

VSEPR theory

Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory

polar covalent compound

a mix of the same properties as ionic and covalent

O2

diatomic oxygen

B2Si

diboron monosilicide

Si2Br6

disilicon hexabromide

NF3

nitrogen trifluoride

non-polar covalent compound

none of the same properties as ionic or covalent

covalent compound properties

poor conductors, low melting and boiling point, and solids are soft

SCl4

sulfur tetrachloride

P4s5

tetraphosphorus pentasulfide

how can you test if a substance is ionic or not?

try to melt it, see if it dissolves in water, test it's conductivity in, and out of water


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