CHFD 2412 midterm

Class Log List

A method/format to record one or more short, specific pieces of information about each child present on that day

Which is the MOST accurate explanation of typical social development?

A two-year-old who cannot share with another child

Centration

Able to focus on one attribute at a time

Vygotsky and Social Interaction's Role in Cognition

Attention (and learning) are affected by social interactions

Phonemes

Basic unit of sound

Zone of proximal development

Behavioral levels that can be attained with assistance

What are three advantages or purposes of a Running Record

Can be analyzed as documentation for a number of developmental areas; Can focus on one particular area of a classroom rather than a child to document what occurs there; Can be used for evaluation of a child's development and curriculum planning for that child.

What are three advantages or uses of a Time Sample

Can gather data on the whole class at one time; quantitative information; indicates child's choice activities and interests, preferred playmates, uninteresting activity areas

Vygotsky

Child's actions are supported and extended by more mature player Play is constructed with another child or an adult Includes social interaction Cognitive development is enhanced Zone of proximal development

Which statement is true about emotions

Children learn how to express emotions from adults.

Super ego

Conscience

Running Records

Detailed account of segment of time; recording all behaviors and quotes during that time *Similar to anecdotal recording • Factual, detailed account written over a span of time • Written after the event

Using Time Samples

Don't Use Time Samples for Infants and Young Toddlers Infants and toddlers - more appropriate to use anecdotal or running records

A Frequency Count is a qualitative method for measuring frequently occurring behaviors

FALSE

A Time Sample measures how many times a child does something.

FALSE

An Anecdotal Recording is a summarized account of an incident

FALSE

Checklists are never shared with parents or family because they are confidential

FALSE

Checklists are not effective because they do not preserve the raw data or details

FALSE

Checklists can only be used to measure certain types of development.

FALSE

Expressive language is always greater than receptive language.

FALSE

Standards are expectations of content knowledge attained by a certain age or grade.

FALSE

Assimilation

Information received that adjusts previously related info (adding another block)

Scaffold

Linking present knowledge or skills to a higher level assisted. By more skilled individual

Anecdotal Recording

Narrative account of an incident anywhere from a few seconds to several minutes in length. An anecdotal recording is a written replay of an incident

Which of the following types of recording is NOT a subjective recording

One that includes only facts about a situation

Syntax

Order of words in a sentences

Seriation

Ordering of objects

Sensory integration

Organization of sensory information dependent on temperament and the duration and intensity of stimuli

Checklist

Predetermined list of criteria against which the recorder answers yes or no

Describe three aspects of a child's mathematical knowledge development

Rote counting, one-to-one correspondence, classifying, conservation, ordinal numbers

List the senses involved in observing

Seeing Hearing Touching Smelling Instinct

Behavior and social learning theory

Skinner an Watson -reinforcement

Morpheme

Smallest unit of language

A Frequency Count is a closed method that only records tally marks for observed targeted behaviors

TRUE

A Running Record uses the same technique as an Anecdotal Record except that it is used to gather a sample of naturally occurring behavior rather than an incident.

TRUE

Children may be cognitively impaired by genetics, the health and habits of the mother, and the environment after the child is born.

TRUE

Right hemisphere

This hemisphere of the brain is the initial receiver of incoming information and the center of visual, artistic, creative, intuitive, and spontaneous thoughts

Left hemisphere

This hemisphere of the brain is where language and speech are produced. It is the site of analytical, logical, sequential, orderly, verbal, computational, linear, concrete thinking.

What are three disadvantages of a Time Sample?

Time-intensive for recorder; records no details about the nature of the play; inferential; not effective for toddlers; not good for language recording

Id

Unconscious part that demands satisfaction and desires

Give three questions to ask before a standardized test is chosen as an assessment method

What is the purpose of the test? Is it valid and reliable? How will the results be used?

What an observer writes about is limited to

anything that is seen or heard in or out of the classroom

Choose the statement that is MOST true of standardized tests.

b. A standardized test is based on content knowledge children learned by a certain age or grade.

All of the following are true of a checklist EXCEPT

b.it produces the same results from one teacher to the next.

Standards:

defines goals of practice

As you listen to a child talk, you can learn about his or her

development in every area.

Receptive language

is the ability to hear and understand what is being said.

Cognitive development:

knowing, thinking, reasoning, and remembering

Piaget's theory

provides a framework to help us better understand child's thinking

Children's small muscle development can be assessed when they are

putting together puzzles

STEM

science, technology, engineering, mathematics and related content areas

All of the following are acceptable uses for a completed Anecdotal Recording EXCEPT

shown to your father because he is a child psychiatrist

A Frequency Count is

used to count how many times a child or a group of children repeats an action

Give two advantages and two disadvantages of a developmental checklist.

Advantages—efficient; guides observer in what are the important criteria to look for; if sequential, it could alert observer to lags or guide in curriculum planning for next skill; documents changes in development over time; clear illustration of developmental continuum Disadvantages—the actual details of the activity or incident are lost with only the criteria recorded; two observers may observe the same behavior and have different opinions about the meaning and criteria rating; dependent on checklist's match to child's age and ability and on the criteria being easily understood and observable; may be time-consuming to do all developmental areas on all children in the class in a short time

core emotions

Joy, anger, sadness, fear

Holograph

One word sentence that had meaning

Using Frequency Counts

Recording method to measure how often a specified event occurs

If the child feels the observer closely watching and writing, it may change the child's behavior and invalidate the observation.

TRUE

In an Anecdotal Recording, the inferences or judgments are kept separate from the details of the incident

TRUE

You can learn about a child's cognitive development by listening to her conversation.

TRUE

Accommodation

Taking inn new information and balancing it with previous knowledge (somewhat changing structure of what you already knew)

Explain the difference between the Diary and the Reflective Journal

The Diary records the teacher's recollections of children's activities; the Reflective Journal is the teacher's inward look at the day's events

Information gathered from the Class List Log is posted in the Portfolio for the family to read and maybe discussed with the family.

True

The Diary is not an effective way of recording information about children's achievements and behavior at the end of the day because the teacher is tired and may not remember all the children.

True

The Reflective Journal helps the teacher to think about decisions made and considerations about children and the classroom for the future

True

Describe the stages of social play development: unoccupied, onlooker, solitary, parallel, associative,cooperative.

Unoccupied—not focused on any toy or activity Onlooker—watches other children play but does not get involved Solitary—plays alone Parallel—plays alongside another child but absorbed in own play or toy Associative—plays alongside another child in a related play theme or toy Cooperative—plays together with another child working toward a common project or goal

A Class List Log focuses on

a short, specific piece of information about each child.

The Running Record is different from the Anecdotal Record because the Running Record

can be used to compare other kinds of observing methods.

Benchmarks:

descriptions of knowledge, skills, and development that are measurable outcomes of standards

Failure to Thrive Syndrome

developmental delays caused by physical or emotional factors

Expressive language

is the ability to speak and convey a message to another person

Vocabulary

is the acquisition of many words and names for things in the environment

Articulation

is the clarity of the spoken word that is developing through the first eight years

The Time Sample recording method measures

the amount of time a child spends in one area

Grammar

the culturally acceptable pattern of word usage

autonomy

the process of governing ones self

The results of standardized tests on young children should be used

together with other types of assessment methods.

Dispositions

traits that support learning such as curiosity, persisting, questioning

Emotional intelligence

type of intelligence that controls emotions in a socially acceptable way