Chloroplast and Leaf Structure

What does mesophyll mean?

Middle leaf

The stalk the connects the leaf to the stem

Petiole

Leaf Structure

Blade, attached to plant by petiole Cuticle - Outer surface, thin waxy covering (Prevents water loss within plant) Epidermis - Right underneath it Mesophyll - Means middle leaf Palisade mesophyll - Lie under epidermis, absorbs light Bundle sheath cells - Outer layer of the vein, creates circle Xylem - Upper layer of cells, transports water Phloem - Lower of the cells, transports sugar Bundle sheath cells - Outer layer of the vein, creates circle Spongy mesophyll - Loosely packed, allows gas exchange Both packed with chloroplasts Epidermis - Also lines the lower are of the leaf Stomata - Tiny holes within the epidermis Guard cells - Surround the stomata, changes within water pressure causes the stoma to open or close Cuticles - Also lines the bottom of the cell too

Outer layer of the vein

Bundle sheath cells

Stomata

CO2 enters and O2 exits by tiny pores called stomata

These cells function to open and close stomata

Guard cells

Which part has the most chloroplast?

Leaves

Simple

Leaves with a single undivided blade

Compound

Leaves with two or more leaflets

Structure of Chloroplast

Outer membrane Inner membrane Stroma - Thick liquid Thylakoids - Membranous sacs Thylakoid space - Inside the membranous sacs Grana - Many thylakoids stacked on top of each other

Leaflet

When leaves are divided into two or more sections, they are called this.

Mesophyll

Where the chloroplasts are concentrated in, the green tissue in the interior of the leaf Each mesophyll has a lot of chloroplast

Chlorophyll

Where the leaves get their green color, a light-absorbing pigment in the chloroplast

What two tissues are found within a vein?

Xylem and phloem