Chp 8 Review questions

Chloroplasts

1) Outer membrane 2) Inner membrane 3) Intermembrane space 4) Stroma - dense, aqueous fluid 5) Granum (column) of thylakoids (interconnected membrane sacs) • Chlorophyll in membrane of thylakoids • Thylakoid space

Autotroph

Produce their own organic molecules so they do not need to consume anything derived from other organisms

Photoautotroph

Use photosynthesis to produce organic molecules

Three of the same species of plant are each grown under a different colored light for the same amount of time. Plant A is grown under blue light, Plant B is grown under green light, and Plant C is grown under orange light. Assuming the plants use only chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b for photosynthesis, what would be the predicted order of the plants from most growth to least growth? a. A, C, B b. A, B, C c. C, A, B d. B, A, C

a. A, C, B

Which of the following structures is not a component of a photosystem? a. ATP synthase b. antenna molecule c. reaction center d. primary electron acceptor

a. ATP synthase

Why is the third stage of the Calvin cycle called the regeneration stage? a. Because Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP), the molecule needed at the start of the cycle, is regenerated from Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) b. Because Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P), the molecule needed at the start of the cycle, is regenerated from Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) c. the enzyme RuBisCO incorporates carbon dioxide into an organic molecule d. Because the enzyme RuBisCO is reduced during this stage.

a. Because Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP), the molecule needed at the start of the cycle, is regenerated from Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P)

P700 first transfers an electron through chlorophyll and a bound a. quinone b. ferredoxin c. 2Fe-2S d. plastocyanin

a. quinone

Which statement correctly describes carbon fixation? a. the conversion of CO2 into an organic compound b. the use of RuBisCO to form 3-PGA c. the production of carbohydrate molecules from G3P d. the formation of RuBP from G3P molecules e. the use of ATP and NADPH to reduce CO2

a. the conversion of CO2 into an organic compound

In which compartment of the plant cell do the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis take place? a. thylakoid b. stroma c. outer membrane e. mesophyll

a. thylakoid

Which of the following components is not used by both plants and cyanobacteria to carry out photosynthesis? a. chloroplasts b. chlorophyll c. carbon dioxide d. water

a.chloroplasts

How many photons does it take to fully reduce one molecule of NADP+ to NADPH? a. 1 b. 2 3. 4 4. 8

b. 2

Predict the end result if a chloroplast's light-independent enzymes developed a mutation that prevented them from activating in response to light. a. G3P accumulation b. ATP and NADPH accumulation c. Water accumulation d. Carbon dioxide depletion

b. ATP and NADPH accumulation

Plants containing only chlorophyll b are exposed to radiation with the following wavelengths: 10nm (x-rays), 450nm (blue light), 670nm (red light), and 800nm (infrared light). Which plants harness the most energy for photosynthesis? a. X-ray irradiated plants b. Blue light irradiated plants c. Red light irradiated plants d. Infrared irradiated plants

b. Blue light irradiated plants

Organic molecules are made in the _______________ . A. light dependent reactions b. Calvin cycle c. Krebs cycle d. glycolysis

b. Calvin cycle

What properties are expressed by wavelengths? Select all that apply a. Green is useful in absorbing light during photosynthesis b. Red absorbs little energy c. Chlorophyll b absorbs a lot of energy from 460nm wavelengths d. Visible light's wavelengths are between 400-740nm e. Chlorophyll a reflects red light well

b. Red absorbs little energy c. Chlorophyll b absorbs a lot of energy from 460nm wavelengths d. Visible light's wavelengths are between 400-740nm

Which statement about thylakoids in eukaryotes is not correct? a. Thylakoids are assembled into stacks. b. Thylakoids exist as a maze of folded membranes. c. The space surrounding thylakoids is called stroma. d. Thylakoids contain chlorophyll.

b. Thylakoids exist as a maze of folded membranes.

If rubisco does not function properly, what process would be affected? a. ability to split water b. ability to fix carbon c. ability to absorb photons d. ability to reduce NADP+

b. ability to fix carbon

What statement shows the relationship among chloroplasts and mitochondria? a. both use oxygen as the final electron acceptor b. both generate ATP by proton gradient c. both release carbon dioxide d. both reduce NADP+

b. both generate ATP by proton gradient

The light independent reactions are important because they A. make ATP and NADPH b. convert CO2 into glucose c. split H2O to harvest electrons d. release O2

b. convert CO2 into glucose

From which component of the light-dependent reactions does NADPH form most directly? a. photosystem II b. photosystem I c. cytochrome complex d. ATP synthase

b. photosystem I

If four molecules of carbon dioxide enter the Calvin cycle (four "turns" of the cycle), how many G3P molecules are produced and how many are exported? a. 4 G3P made, 1 G3P exported b. 4 G3P made, 2 G3P exported c. 8 G3P made, 1 G3P exported d. 8 G3P made, 4 G3P exported

c. 8 G3P made, 1 G3P exported

Which order of molecular conversions is correct for the Calvin cycle? a. RuBP + G3P → 3-PGA → sugarRuBP + G3P → 3-PGA → sugar b. RuBisCO → CO2 → RuBP → G3PRuBisCO → CO2 → RuBP → G3P c. RuBP + CO2 → [RuBisCO] 3-PGA → G3PRuBP + CO2 → [RuBisCO] 3-PGA → G3P d. CO2 → 3-PGA → RuBP → G3PCO2 → 3-PGA → RuBP → G3P

c. RuBP + CO2 → [RuBisCO] 3-PGA → G3PRuBP + CO2 → [RuBisCO] 3-PGA → G3P

Where in eukaryotic cells does the Calvin cycle take place? a. thylakoid membrane b. thylakoid lumen c. chloroplast stroma d. granum

c. chloroplast stroma

Light-dependent reactions build NADPH and oxygen by ________________ . a. oxidation b. reduction c. oxidation and reduction

c. oxidation and reduction

Which complex is not involved in the establishment of conditions for ATP synthesis? a. photosystem I b. ATP synthase c. photosystem II d. cytochrome complex

c. photosystem II

What two main products result from photosynthesis? a. oxygen and carbon dioxide b. chlorophyll and oxygen c. sugars/carbohydrates and oxygen d. sugars/carbohydrates and carbon dioxide

c. sugars/carbohydrates and oxygen

What is the flow of energy in order from source to end? a. human→sun→grass→cow b. cow→human→grass→sun c. sun→grass→cow→human d. plant→sun→human→cow

c. sun→grass→cow→human

Which molecule must enter the Calvin cycle continually for the light-independent reactions to take place? a. RuBisCO b. RuBP c. 3-PGA d. CO2

d. CO2

How are the NADPH and G3P molecules made during photosynthesis similar? a. They are both end products of photosynthesis. b. They are both substrates for photosynthesis. c. They are both produced from carbon dioxide. d. They both store energy in chemical bonds.

d. They both store energy in chemical bonds.

Protons from electron transport will amass in the a. stroma b. intermembrane space c. matrix d. thylakoid lumen

d. thylakoid lumen

Photosynthesis

• Converts light energy into chemical energy• Takes place in chloroplasts - cellular organelles

Process of light reactions

• Light dependent • Happen in thylakoid sacs • Uses H2O in pathway • Uses light for energy • Produces NADPH and ATP • O2 is a byproduct

Dark Reactions (Calvin Cycle)

• Light independent • Happens in stroma of chloroplast • Calvin cycle uses CO2, NADPH and ATP • Produces sugars, NADP+ and ADP • NADP+ and ADP are then used in light reactions