Circulatory System: Blood Vessels Quiz

What is a weak, thin-walled bulging sac in an arterial wall called?

An aneurysm

Alternative routes of blood supply are called ________.

Anastomoses

At its inferior end, the aorta branches to right and left ________ arteries.

Common iliac

Pulmonary arteries have ________ blood pressure compared to systemic arteries.

Considerably lower

Which of the following does not increase the risk of atherosclerosis? A) Smoking B) Sedentary lifestyle C) Consistent exercise D) Stress E) A diet high in cholesterol

Consistent exercise

The human body has only one of which of the following vessels? A) Median cubital vein B) Brachiocephalic trunk C) Brachiocephalic vein D) Common iliac artery E) Anterior communicating artery

Brachiocephalic trunk

What is the correct order of the branches off the aortic arch from right to left?

Brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery

What are the major branches of the abdominal aorta from superior to inferior?

Celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, renal arteries, gonadal arteries, inferior mesenteric artery, and common iliac arteries

In people who stand for long periods, blood tends to pool in the lower limbs, and this may result in varicose veins. What causes the varicose veins?

Failure of the venous veins

A victim of a shark attack bleeds to death within minutes. Which vessel did the shark's teeth probably sever?

Femoral artery

Which of the following vessels supplies 80% of the cerebrum with oxygenated blood? A) Superficial temporal artery B) Occipital artery C) Internal carotid artery D) Anterior cerebral artery E) Middle cerebral artery

Internal carotid artery

What is the function of the ductus venosus?

It is a shunt that flows between the umbilical vein and inferior vena cava and bypasses the liver.

What is the path of blood flow from the heart to the lung tissues and back to the heart?

Right ventricle → brachiocephalic arteries → lung tissues → brachiocephalic veins → inferior vena cava → left atrium

What is the principal tissue of the tunica interna?

Simple squamous epithelium

The pulmonary circuit is the only route in which arteries carry less oxygen than veins.

True

What is the formation of blood vessels called?

Angiogenesis

What is the path of blood from the heart to the right little finger (pinky) and back to the heart?

Aorta → brachiocephalic trunk → right subclavian artery → right axillary artery → right brachial artery → right ulnar artery → palmar arches → venous palmar arches → right ulnar vein → right brachial vein → right axillary vein → right subclavian vein → right brachiocephalic vein → superior vena cava

What is the path of blood from the heart, to the left zygomaticus muscles, and back to the heart?

Aorta → left common carotid artery → left external carotid artery → left facial artery → zygomatic tissues → left facial vein → left internal jugular vein → left subclavian vein → left brachiocephalic vein → superior vena cava

What is one possible path of blood from the heart to the left hallux and back to the heart?

Aorta → left common iliac artery → left external iliac artery → left femoral artery → left popliteal artery → left anterior tibial artery → dorsal artery of foot → arcuate arteries → dorsal venous arch → left great saphenous vein → left femoral vein → left external iliac vein → left common iliac vein → inferior vena cava

To get from the subclavian artery to the brachial artery, blood must flow through which artery?

Axillary artery

Which vein drains the thoracic and abdominal walls?

Azygos

Which of the following routes of blood flow is correct? A) Heart → venule → medium vein → large vein → capillary → conducting artery → distributing artery → arteriole → heart B) Heart → large vein → medium vein → venule→ capillary → arteriole → distributing artery → conducting artery → heart C) Heart → distributing artery → conducting artery → arteriole → capillary → venule → large vein → medium vein → heart D) Heart → conducting artery → distributing artery → arteriole → capillary → venule → medium vein → large vein → heart

Heart → conducting artery → distributing artery → arteriole → capillary → venule → medium vein → large vein → heart

Intestinal blood enters the inferior side of the liver by way of the ________ vein.

Hepatic portal

Which of the following is a remnant of fetal circulation? A) Ductus venosus B) Ductus arteriosus C) Foramen ovale D) Ligamentum venosum E) Aortic sac

Ligamentum venosum

How many pulmonary arteries empty into the right atrium of the heart?

None

Which artery supplies the soleus muscle?

Posterior tibial artery

Which structures in capillary beds open to allow the capillaries to perfuse with blood?

Precapillary sphincters

Most blood from the brain flows down the internal jugular veins and then into which vessel(s)?

Subclavian veins

The human body has only one of which of the following vessels? A) Superior phrenic artery B) Superior mesenteric artery C) Axillary artery D) Femoral artery E) Plantar arch

Superior mesenteric artery

Which branch of the abdominal aorta supplies the stomach?

The celiac trunk

Which artery is vulnerable to injury because it runs superficially?

The femoral artery

The hepatic portal vein does not receive blood from which of the following? A) The splenic vein B) The superior mesenteric vein C) The pancreatic vein D) The hepatic veins E) The gastric veins

The hepatic veins

Which branch of the abdominal aorta supplies the distal end of the large intestine?

The inferior mesenteric

What is the last branch off the aortic arch?

The left subclavian artery

Near the elbow, the brachial artery branches and gives rise to which of the following?

The radial and ulnar arteries

Which of the following is not supplied by branches of the celiac trunk? A) The spleen B) The liver C) The small intestines D) The stomach

The small intestines

The major deep veins of the forearm are the ________ on the medial side and the ________ on the lateral side.

Ulnar; radial

Which of the following is associated with veins but not arteries? A) A tunica media with abundant smooth muscle B) Continuous endothelium C) A tunica media with abundant elastic fibers D) Valves E) Fenestrations

Valves

Where is the greatest volume of blood found in the body?

Veins

What might account for a soldier experiencing syncope after standing at attention for a long period of time?

Venous pooling