CIST2414 FINAL EXAM
Single-root I/O virtualization
-------------------- enhances the virtual network adapter's performance by allowing a virtual adapter to bypass the virtual switch software on the parent partition (the Hyper-V host) and communicate directly with the physical hardware, thereby lowering overhead and improving performance.
dynamic memory
A VM that is running Hyper-V cannot use __________ while Hyper-V is running.
Fibre Channel
A _________________ adapter allows a VM to access ______________ storage directly.
private virtual switch
A ______________________ is used when you want to isolate the VMs connected to the network from all outside communication. You might use this setup as a domain testing environment or a development network in which you need to isolate virtual network traffic.
private virtual switch
A __________________________ isn't much different from an internal virtual switch except that the connected VMs can't communicate with the host computer.
Synthetic network adapters
A network adapter that uses synthetic drivers in Hyper-V and offers much better performance than legacy network adapters.
virtual disks
A pass-through disk has modest performance advantages over ____________, but unless you really need the extra bit of performance, a pass-through disk's lack of flexibility makes it less attractive as a VM storage option.
Pass-through disk
A physical disk attached to the host system that's placed offline so that it can be used by a VM instead of or in addition to a virtual disk.
Dynamically expanding disk
A virtual hard disk in which the .vhd file is very small when created but can expand as additional space is needed.
Fixed-size disks
A virtual hard disk in which the disk's full size is allocated on the host system when it's created.
host computer
A virtual switch is created, but it's internal to Hyper-V and, therefore, can't be seen on the ___________________.
cluster, fault tolerance
Access to shared Fibre Channel storage also enables administrators to _____________ VMs to provide application and node-level ___________________ across multiple Hyper-V servers.
Add Hardware
After creating a virtual Fibre Channel SAN, you add a Fibre Channel adapter to the VM by using the __________________ option in the VM's Settings window.
external virtual switch
An _________________ binds a virtual switch to one of the host's physical network adapters, allowing VMs to access a LAN connected to the host.
internal virtual switch
An __________________________________allows VMs and the host computer to communicate with one another but doesn't give VMs access to the physical network.
true
An internal switch isn't bound to any of the host's physical NICs. TRUE OR FALSE
static IP address
Any VMs connected to the internal switch are assigned an APIPA address if you don't assign a ______________________.
host bus adapters
Before you can add a virtual Fibre Channel SAN, the host computer must have the necessary Fibre Channel ____________________ and drivers installed and configured.
APIPA
By default, the new virtual NIC attempts to get an address via DHCP, but because it doesn't have a connection to the physical network, it's assigned an __________ address.
host computer
Creating a private virtual switch doesn't create a network connection on the ____________ because there's no connection between the _______________ and the VMs.
DHCP
DHCP guard essentially prevents a VM from becoming a rogue ___________ server.
false
Dynamically expanding virtual disks dynamically shrink as data is deleted. TRUE OR FALSE
SAN, Fibre Channel, iSCSI
For high-performance disk storage, many administrators prefer using _______ through _________ or ________ instead of pass-through disks.
pass-through
From the VM's standpoint, a ______________ disk works just like a virtual disk except you can't use any of the disk-editing options on it, you can't take checkpoints, and you can't use a differencing disk with it.
legacy network adapters
Generation 2 VMs don't support ______________________________.
virtual LAN identification
If you choose the enable ________________ option, the vNIC will be configured for the specified virtual LAN (VLAN).
Device Manager
If you enable SR-IOV and it's supported, you can check __________________________ on the VM and see the actual NIC make and model listed under network adapters. For adapters with SR-IOV not enabled or not supported, you see only the Microsoft Hyper-V network adapter.
virtual switch
If you enable SR-IOV but resources to support it aren't available, the virtual network adapter connects by using the _____________________ as usual.
subnets, router
If you want to isolate VMs in their own private network, but you want them to be able to access other private networks or an external network, you do this by creating ____________ and using a ___________ to route traffic between them.
false
If you're using external virtual switches, having more than one physical NIC installed on the host computer is not recommended. TRUE OR FALSE
Windows 10, Windows Server 2016
Nested virtualization in Hyper-V is supported only in ____________ and _________________ and later.
Integration Services
On generation 2 VMs, legacy network adapters have been deprecated, and you must have _______________________ installed to add a network adapter.
one
Only ____________ external switch can be created per physical network adapter.
VHD
Pass-through disks do have an advantage _______ over disks because _______ disks are limited to 2 TB.
New-NetLbfoTeam
Powershell command creates a new NIC team and adds network adapters to the team; you can optionally set the properties of the team.
Get-NetLbfoTeam
Powershell command shows a list of NIC teams on the server.
Remove-NetLbfoTeam
Powershell command that deletes a NIC team.
Rename-NetLbfoTeam
Powershell command that renames a NIC team.
Set-NetLbfoTeam
Powershell command that sets the properties of an existing NIC team.
Get-VM | Set-VMNetworkAdapter -DhcpGuard On
Powershell command to enable DHCP guard on all adapters on all VMs running on a host.
nested virtualization
Provides the ability to run a hypervisor inside another hypervisor.
32
Regarding NIC teaming, Windows Server 2016 supports up to _____ NICs in a team.
PCI Express
SR-IOV must be supported by a ______________________ NIC installed on the host, and installing drivers on the guest OS might be necessary.
SQL servers, cluster servers
Some applications that might benefit from the VM using a pass-through disk include __________ and high-performance ______________.
PXE boot
Synthetic adapters on generation 2 VMs DO support ______________________.
VHDX
The _______ format doesn't have the 2 TB limitation, so using pass-through disks is a benefit only when direct access to the physical drive improves performance.
load-balancing mode
The __________________________ determines how the server load balances outgoing data packets among the NICs in the team.
Failover
The ability of a server to recover from network hardware failure by having redundant hardware that can immediately take over for a device failure. Also called fault tolerance.
physical network switch
The difference between an external and internal virtual switch is that the host virtual NIC doesn't have a connection to the _____________________, which prevents VMs from communicating with the physical network.
high-speed NICs
The performance advantage of SR-IOV is most obvious on __________________, such as 10 GB Ethernet and higher.
broadcast domains
The primary reason for configuring VLANs on VMs is to allow VMs that are connected to the same virtual switch to be isolated from one another on separate ____________________.
Dynamic
This is the default mode on physical computers. In this mode, traffic is evenly distributed among all team members, including from virtual NICs. A potential problem with the Address Hash and Hyper-V Port modes is that a NIC in the team could be overwhelmed when there are very large traffic flows involving a single NIC, even if the other NICs had unused capacity. This mode balances large flows of traffic over multiple NICs, thereby providing even distribution of traffic among all team members.
Hyper-V Port
This method is used when the team members are connected to a Hyper-V switch. Each virtual NIC is associated with only one team member at system startup. This method works well if there are a number of VMs running to evenly distribute the load among NICs in the team.
Address Hash
This mode uses an algorithm based on properties of the outgoing packet to create a hash value. The hash value is then used to assign the packet for delivery using one of the NICs in the team. This is the only load-balancing mode available when configuring NIC teaming on a VM.
DHCP guard
This option prevents a VM from acting as a DHCP server. With this option enabled, if the VM sends a DHCP server message on the specified interface, the virtual switch will drop the packet.
Set-VMNetworkAdapter -VMName MyDHCPServer -DhcpGuard Off
To allow DHCP packets to be transmitted from a VM named MyDHCPServer that is a legitimate DHCP server, use the following cmdlet:
Hyper-V Manager
To use Fibre Channel on a VM to connect to a SAN, you must first create a virtual Fibre Channel SAN in ______________________________.
disk-intensive
Unless the VM is running ____________ applications, dynamically expanding disks are a good choice.
dynamic disks
VMs that use ________________ can be backed up faster because VHDX files are usually smaller than fixed-disk files.
external switch
When a VM is connected to an ____________________, it acts like any other device on the LAN. For example, the VM can get an IP address from a DHCP server on the external network and use the network's default gateway to access other networks and the Internet.
virtual NIC
When an internal virtual switch is created, a new ___________________ is created on the host computer that's bound to the name of the new internal virtual switch.
network router
Windows server ____________________ configuration, two ways: Create an external and a private virtual switch, and then configure one VM with two NICs and have one NIC connected to each virtual switch or Create an internal virtual switch and enable routing on the host machine so that it routes between the internal and physical switches.
legacy network adapter
With a generation 1 VM, if the guest OS doesn't support synthetic network adapters OR you need to PXE boot, you should use a ____________________________.
VHDX
With the _________ format, Microsoft has made strides toward performance parity between fixed-size and dynamically expanding disks.
isolate applications
You can also use an internal virtual switch to ____________________ from the external network but allow communication between the networks by using a VM configured as a router.
Windows server
You can configure a _____________ as a network router by installing the Remote Access role and installing the Routing role service.
false
You can't create a NIC team with a single network interface. TRUE OR FALSE
live migrate
You cannot ____________ (move a running VM to another Hyper-V host with no downtime) a VM that is running Hyper-V.
Virtual SAN Manager
You create a virtual Fibre Channel SAN using ______________ in Hyper-V Manager.
Virtual Switch Manager
You must also enable SR-IOV in the __________________________ when you create the external virtual switch.
legacy network adapter
You should use a ___________________ in the following situations: The guest OS doesn't support synthetic network adapters, such as some non-Windows OSs that don't support Integration Services. You need to PXE boot, or the VM needs to access the network for some other reason before the OS starts. Synthetic network adapters on Generation 1 VMs do not support PXE boot and do not function before the OS starts.
direct access
You use an external virtual switch when external computers must have __________________________ to the VM.
web server, DNS server, domain controller
You use an external virtual switch when the VM must have access to external network resources, such as when a VM is configured as a _______________, ______________, or ____________________.
Load balancing
______________ distributes traffic between two or more interfaces, providing an increase in overall network throughput that a server is able to maintain.
NIC teaming
________________ allows multiple network interfaces to work in tandem to provide increased bandwidth, load balancing, and fault tolerance. Another term for this is load balancing and failover (LBFO).
Generation 2 VMs
____________________ support only Windows Server 2012/R2 and later and 64-bit versions of Windows 8/8.1 and later.
Dynamically expanding
_________________________ disks are somewhat slower than fixed-size disks, and there are some concerns about host disk fragmentation when using them.
Generation 2 VMs
___________________________ don't support legacy network adapters, and the synthetic adapters on generation 2 VMs do support PXE boot, so there's no reason to use a legacy adapter.
Fixed-size disks
___________________________________ are recommended when the VM needs to run disk-intensive (many disk I/O operations) applications because performance is slightly better than with dynamically expanding disks because it is not necessary to perform the extra step of expanding the size of the disk when disk writes are performed.
