CIW General Questions
Wht is the highest value possible for color using hexadecimal?
#FFFFFF
What three audio formats does HTML5 support?
.mp3 .wav .ogg
RGB color values range from?
0-255
What are the usual steps for wireframing?
1. Determine purpose 2. identify stakeholders 3. identify basic dev process 4. outline site nav 5. outline project management process 6. identify technologies needed for the site
<area> tag's shape attribute
Accepted values are: - "rect" for a rectangular area (i.e., hot spot). - "circle" for a circular area. - "poly" for any other shape. - "default" to use the entire area
video "controls" attribute
Adds video controls such as the play, pause, rewind and volume controls. These video controls are native to HTML5.
What is required in every HTML tag?
An Element
What three image capabilities exist in WebP?
Animation Transparency with lossless compression Transparency with lossy compression
also called raster graphics, and they include the JPEG, GIF and PNG formats
Bitmap
What color does #000000
Black
Which flavor of HTML 4.01 allowed developers to insert formatting using either CSS or traditional layout instructions (HTML font, color and phrase elements). Rendered in browsers that did not support CSS allowed tags that the W3C considered to be useful known as deprecated tags
HTML 4.01 Transitional
video <source> element
Defines the media resource. Multiple sources can be listed, such as different types of video formats, to support a variety of devices and browsers.
Which language Adds the <audio> element, which allows pages to seamlessly add audio files for events such as podcast?
HTML 5
Which language Allows developers to retrieve the geographical location information for a client-side device, called geolocation. (GPS)
HTML 5
Which language Gives developers more native tools such as download progress indicators, image captioning options and form validation tools to use on a page?
HTML 5
Which language Provides developers with a native option for offline storage, and enables applications to run as expected even without network connectivity?
HTML 5
Which language introduced the ability to drag and drop on a web page without the use of third party plug ins?
HTML 5
Which language introduces the <video> element, which is designed to eliminate the need to install third-party plug-ins (such as those for Adobe Flash or Microsoft Silverlight)?
HTML 5
What three items exist between the angle brackets of an HTML Tag?
Element Attribute Value
is the <img> tag empty or non-empty?
Empty but it is treated like a non-empty tag
In the most basic terms, what is the difference between HTML and XML and XHTML?
HTML describes a document visual layout XML allows you to describe the function and context of the information contained in a document XHTML allows HTML to become XML-compliant
This language is not based at all on SGML and thus has a highly simplified structure...
HTML5
Which HTML style renders text the ame size as all normal text?
Heading level 4 <h4>
What are five of the most common color schemes for websites?
Gray, green and white Blue and white Red and White Red, white and gray Red and gray
which video codec does MP4 uses that is native to most HTML5 compatible web browsers?
H.264
What does XHTML use to describe a documents visual layout?
HTML
Which language does not allow you to create a DTD?
HTML
A means of distributing non-linear text, called hypertext, to multiple points across the Internet...
HTML - hypertext markup language
Which version of HTML introduced CSS?
HTML 3.2
Which version of HTML first allowed the inclusion of scripting languages along with aggressive tables and forms?
HTML 4.01
Which version of HTML supported multiple languages first?
HTML 4.01
Which flavor of HTML 4.01 used frames?
HTML 4.01 Frameset
Which flavor of HTML 4.01 required exclusive use of CSS when defining layout instructions. (no deprecated tags allowed)
HTML 4.01 Strict
CSS allows you to change the size of text. Which statement about the font-size property is true regarding headings vs font size?
Headings (h1 through h6) should be used whenever possible instead of the font-size property.
In HTML color can be specified by name or by ___________
Hexadecimal code
Who created SGML and when?
IBM in 1986
video "poster" attribute
Identifies an image to be displayed until the play button is clicked or while the video is downloading. If the poster attribute is not specified, the first frame of the video is displayed instead.
video "type" attribute
Identifies the format, or MIME type, of the video. The <video> element supports three formats: MP4, WebM and Ogg.
video "src" attribute
Identifies the location and file name of the media resource.
Broadly speaking, what technique can be used to support versions of IE 8 and earlier?
Implementing javascript code to you HTML documents and a new rule to CSS
<img> tag's usemap attribute
Indicates that the image placed in the Web page will use an image map. Note the relationship between the <img> tag's usemap attribute value and the <map> tag's name attribute value.
What kind of tags are case sensitive?
Older XHTML tags, because XML is case sensitive
Virtual Server
One Web server contains your site and several other sites.
standard format of images on the Web adjustable bit depth compression filters up to 48 bit open source lossless compression
PNG
video text attribute
Text enclosed by the <video> element will appear if the browser or device cannot support any of the video formats available.
What HTML5 character set is usually used (specified in the metadata tag?
UTF-8
What is the fastest way to ensure accessibility compliance?
Use a validator such as W3C, MAGpie or CynthaSays
What codec doe WebM use?
VP8
Which version of XHTML was abandoned in 2009 by the W3C because it didn't provide backwards compatibility
XHTML 2.0
What language is used to bridge the gap between HTML and XML?
XHTML Extensible Hypertext Markup Language
Which version on XHTML is currently in development?
XHTML5
What does XHTML use to organize the data on a web page?
XML
Which language is not used to format web pages but rather to describe the data from which a web page is created?
XML
what command floats the image tot he left of a paragraph with the <img> tag inserted?
float:left; margin:5px; or create a "floatleft" class in a CSS
By default, content in a table data cell is aligned:
horizontally to the left and vertically to the center of the cell.
An __________________ is an image that contains clickable regions, sometimes called hot spots. Each hot spot acts as a hyperlink. You define each hot spot with a set of coordinates (indicating its position on the image) and a URL reference.
image map
Values for the CSS border-spacing and padding properties used for the <table> element can be specified:
in pixels
Which language is used to describe data elements on a web page and enhances the structure and navigation of data. This one specifically is favored for its ability to allow data to be interchanged with all types of applications.
XML
With what language is the Term URI preferred over URL?
XML
What describes the data from which web pages are created but do not format Web pages?
XML and SGML
The colspan and rowspan attributes of the <td> and <th> tags specify the number of columns and rows, respectively, that a certain element occupies. What is that element?
a table cell
A block level element is a markup element that affects at least what?
an entire paragraph
Can be created using tools such as Paint Shop Pro (www.corel.com) and The GIMP (www.gimp.org). Making these images more detailed can create large file sizes (e.g., 20 MB). Removing pixels and compressing files will decrease file size, but will also reduce image quality.
bitmap
graphics that use small dots (usually thousands) to create images and specify colors. Each dot is mapped to bits stored in a computer's memory
bitmap
By default, content in a table header cell is aligned:
both horizontally and vertically to the center of the cell.
What is the default image alignment?
bottom
What is the default value for aligning images relative to text using CSS?
bottom
How do you specify the flavor of HTML?
by using a document type declaration <!DOCTYPE>
At its most basic description, what is the World Wide Web?
A network of documents interlinked via hyperlinks.
What is the process of placing a pair of tags within another pair of tags called?
Tag Nesting
What is a metalanguage?
A language used to create other languages
What are the two versions of XHTML currently accepted by W3C?
1.0 and 1.1
In hexadecimal code, the number 16 is represented as?
10
What are the three functioning versions of HTML?
3.2, 4.01 and 5
Under what structural element would ad feeds or news feeds fall?
<aside>
which is larger <h1> or <h6>?
<h1>
What are the five structural elements of HTML5?
<header> <nav> <article> <aside> <footer>
under what tag is the character set specified?
<meta>
What defines the content of table cells? (the tag)
<td>
What table element tags are required when you use the <table> tag to create a table?
<tr> and <td>
<map> tag
A container tag; requires a closing </map> tag. The <map> tag encloses <area> tags. You can define your image map with the <map> tag either before or after the related <img> tag; either sequence is acceptable.
What contains formatting instructions that can define font, color and phrase elements used on a particular markup page?
CSS (Cascading Style Sheet)
What is an external text file that determines how to display the look and feel of HTML elements in a Web page?
CSS (Cascading Style Sheet)
What are the three versions of CSS?
CSS 1-3
What is the term for rules in an external text file that determine how to display HTML elements in your webpage?
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
What browsers support WebP?
Chrome Opera
What are the following? 1. Ensuring that all images have text-based descriptions so that sight-impaired visitors can access sites through screen-reader technology. 2. Providing text-based alternatives to all non-text content (e.g., Java applets). 3. providing forms that are easily read by screen-reading technology.
Considerations for making a web page ADA compliant
There are two types of HTML tags, what are they?
Container and Empty tags
What is the term for the legal ownership of expression by an author?
Copyright
What are the four general steps to creating a website?
Creating markup Testing Approving publishing
The ________ contains a set of rules to which you want your HTML document to conform to.
DTD
What is the hexadecimal value for 255?
FF
Support 256 (8 bit) colors best suited for line art comes in version 87a&89a copyrighted in some countries
GIF
What can consistent use of an HTML standard (such as HTML 5) do to your web page in regards to search engines?
It can cause them to rank higher on the results page
Generally, which Web image format should you use if you want the highest image quality?
JPEG
Supports 24 bit color info typically used for photographs and complex images supports compression compression is copyrighted in some countries
JPEG
When designing the layout of a Web page what portions of the page should be used for navigation? which for topic title? Which for information?
Left side = Navigation Upper = Topic title Middle = Information
Are HTML tags case sensitive?
No
Can most non-HTML5-compliant browsers interpret CSS3?
No, most basic Web page formatting uses CSS1 and CSS2
The higher the numeric value of a color the __________the color is.
Lighter
When designing color scheme for a Web site, should background color be lighter, darker or the same as foreground text and images, in order to give the site a more professional appearance?
Lighter
What case should you write HTML in to ensure backwards compatibility?
Lower case
what three formats should you make sure all of your videos are compatible with?
MP4 WebM Ogg
What are used to enclose elements in angle brackets, or wickets.
Markup Tags
What are four very common wireframing tools?
Microsoft Sketchflow Gliffy Web Site Wireframe Tool HotGloo
The main goal of XHTML is what?
Provide a transition for HTML to XML
What is a primary drawback of seeking feedback about your website via email survey?
Risk gaining the reputation as a spammer.
This language has the purpose of describing the information within a document but not formatting.
SGML
This language requires that you creat or define your own document language rules. (known as Document Type Definition or DTD)
SGML
You can describe the data elements in a document with this language but not format it.
SGML
what are two metalanguages?
SGML and XML
What browsers are PNG compatible?
Safari Chrome Firefox Opera
What mandate required all federal agencies provide accommodations for users with disabilities?
Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act June 21st, 2001
What do the following set of rules originate from? 1. All non-text elements must have a text-based equivalent. 2. If using multimedia, all equivalent information must be properly synchronized with the multimedia so that disabled persons are not at a disadvantage. 3. Information must be equally available in color and without color. 4. Documents must be made available without requiring an associated style sheet. 5. Text descriptions must be made available for all image maps. 6. Client-side image maps should not be used because they cannot be properly presented to visually impaired users. 7. If using tables for data, you must identify all row and column headers. 8. If a table has two or more rows or columns, you must use row and column headers. 9. Sites that use frames must have titles that easily enable alternative browsers to navigate through each frame. 10. If necessary, a separate text-only site should be made available to ensure access. 11. When scripting technology is used to enable a site feature (e.g., a form), a plaintext alternative must be available that allows an assistant application to read the feature.
Section 508 requirements from the Rehabilitation Act
Dedicated hosting or co-hosting
Service provider gives you access to a dedicated server that it owns
What are two common names for the plan you must create prior to writing any HTML?
Site diagram Storyboard
The following are elements of what? 1. A statement discussing the purpose and intended audience for the site. This statement may evolve over time, but it is important to begin with this statement to remind everyone involved why the site is being developed and to steer all efforts in the proper direction. 2. a rough outline of the pages needed including: default pages or home pages sections of the site estimate of technologies required
Site diagram or storyboard
width and height attribute in video element
Specifies the width and height (in pixels) of the video window. If not specified, the video size will be determined by the source video file when it loads, which could change the Web page layout considerably.
If all pages on your site are linked to the same external ___________ then one simple change to the ___________ will change all elements across the site. (both blanks are the same)
Style sheet
When you specify the height and width of table elements, what occurs when you set multiple values in multiple cells?
The highest value takes precedence.
<area> tag's coords attribute
The number and meaning of coordinates you specify with the coords attribute value will vary based on the shape attribute value: - For rectangle areas: x1,y1,x2,y2 - For circle areas: x1,y1,radius - For polygon areas: x1,y1,x2,y2,...xn,yn (up to 100 pairs of coordinates)
Ogg video formats use what codec?
Theora (open source freeware)
Who invented HTML?
Tim Berners-Lee
What are the three flavors of HTML 4.01?
Transitional, strict and frameset
GIF 89a contains what three techniques?
Transparency Interlacing Animation (sequenced)
PNG supports what four features similar to GIF 89a?
Transparency Interlacing Compression Animation
graphics that use mathematical coordinates with lines, curves and shapes to create images and specify colors
Vector
What are the two different graphics types?
Vector and bitmap
can be created using various tools, including Adobe Illustrator and Adobe Freehand (www.adobe.com). They are generally small in file size. Their presentation size can be enlarged or shrunk (i.e., scaled) without losing image quality.
Vector graphics
Who regulates the development of CSS standards?
W3C
What is the most authoritative way to validate markup code automatically?
W3C Markup Validation Service
What two browsers will support BMP?
WIN IE and Firefox
The concept that disabled people need to be able to use development tools is a part of what?
Web Accessibility initiative (WAI)
start tag, <strong>, and an end tag, </strong> yields what?
Whatever is in the middle of the two tags will be in bold print.
What color does #FFFFFF make?
White
What versions of windows cannot run HTML5 and why?
Windows XP and Vista because they are incapable of running IE9 and HTML5 is not supported on IE8 or earlier.
A site planning tool that describes an outline for a Web presence...
Wireframe
WHat is the primary benefit to video codec H.264?
it requires far less processor power because it does not use a plug-in to play.
What do hyperlinks do?
link on document to another via pointers
WHat does the metadata tag usually include?
metadata can include a document description, revision dates, and keywords to help search engines index the page. It also specifies the HTML5 character set used.
What is the vertical lignment option for an img that aligns the middle of the image to the baseline of adjoining text?
middle
Is there any way to make video ADA compliant?
no
by default do borders appear around tables?
no
The following problems could be caused by what coding error? 1. You may not be able to control how your code renders in the future. 2. You will not be able to use a markup validator, because the validator cannot determine the type of markup you are using (e.g., HTML5, XHTML Transitional or HTML 4.01).
not specifying a <!DOCTYPE>
Block-level elements are automatically preceded and followed by?
paragraph breaks
With which CSS table property can you specify values of top, bottom and middle?
vertical-align
aligns content vertically in all table elements.
vertical-align property for table elements in CSS
Does a GUI HTML allow you to modify your HTML code manually?
yes
In a CSS document, within what must you enclose properties and values when you define a rule for a specified selector?
{}
What did HTML 4.01 Frameset provide over other flavors of 4.01?
the use of frames which allowed web pages to create separate panes in the browser window
What command aligns the top of an img with the top of adjoining text?
top
_______side image maps require a CGI script, so they are not commonly used.
server
How many different levels of headings are there and how are they designated?
six levels and designated <h1> <h2> etc...
HTML Element
specific components of an HTML document that can provide content and attributes to a Web page. Each element provides meaning to the page, such as identifying the title of the document or specifying where a video or audio file should be placed. These elements are interpreted by Web browsers and other user agents so that the Web page renders properly. Without elements a web page would have no structure or formatting.
What does ERP make possible?
the automation of all planning and operations of an entire organization
What will happen if you neglect to include a <!DOCTYPE> tag in your HTML doc?
the page will not VALIDATEwith a markup language
what is the most basic block level element?
the paragraph element
Co-location
the service provider allocates space for your equipment. you provide server hardware, provider supplies space and bandwidth
