Clin Chem Electrolytes Quiz #12

Given the following results, what condition does the patient have? Patient is obese, has a history of poor wound healing, has a moon face and buffalo hump. Na+ =increased, K+ = decreased, Glucose = elevated

Cushing's disease

Which of the following conditions is associated with hypernatremia? A. Hypoaldosteronism B. Diabetes insipidus C. Diarrhea D. Burns

Diabetes insipidus

Which of the following conditions is most likely to produce an elevated plasma potassium? A. Hypoparathyroidism B. Digitalis overdose C. Diarrhea D. Cushing's syndrome

Digitalis overdose

Sodium determination by indirect ISE is falsely decreased by:

Elevated lipid levels

What is the usual percentage of ionized Ca2+?

45-50%

Which of the following does NOT have an effect on plasma calcium levels? A. PTH B. Vitamin D C. Aldosterone D. Calcitonin

Aldosterone

What condition is associated with hypokalemia?

Alkalosis

Which of the following are part of the extracellular fluids? A. Plasma B. Lymph fluid C. CSF D. All the above

All the above

What's the usual relationship of calcium and phosphate?

Calcium and phosphate have an inverse relationship

What hormone controls the levels of serum calcium?

PTH (parathyroid hormone)

If you received the following results, what would you do? Na+ =140 mmol/L K+ = 3.5 mmol/L Cl- =103 mmol/L HCO3- = 35 mmol/L

Repeat the electrolytes

Dehydration, diarrhea, hyperventilation and impaired renal function all have one thing in common:

Hypernatremia

Which of the following does NOT cause an increased anion gap? A. Hypoalbuminemia B. Hypocalcemia C. Hypomagnesemia D. Hypokalemia

Hypoalbuminemia

Which of the following does have an effect on plasma calcium levels? A. Sodium B. Potassium C. Iron D. Inorganic phosphate

Inorganic phosphate

A patient who has increased calcium may develop what condition?

Kidney stones

Which of the following is NOT a typical finding in magnesium deficiency tetany? A. Low serum calcium level B. Low serum potassium level C. Normal blood pH value D. Low serum phosphate level

Low serum phosphate level

T/F: Calcium which is normally present in serum must be chemically eliminated so that it will not cause interference when measuring serum magnesium.

True

The method used for potassium is:

Valinomycin membrane

What is one of the major causes of an artificially increased potassium?

Hemolysis

What is the most common method used to measure sodium and potassium?

ISE (Ion Selective Electrodes)