Clinical Chemistry Quiz 4-6

A serum specimen for glucose measurement was allowed to stand unseparated on the clot for 6 hrs at room temp before testing. If the original glucose concentration was 200 mg/dL what approx results would be expected after 3 hrs

160 mg/dL

A creatinine clearance is done on a patient with the following results: serum creatinine, 0.6 mg/dL; urine creatinine, 102 mg/dL; urine volume, 1650 mL/24 hours; body surface area, 1.93 m2. This patient's creatinine clearance, corrected for body surface area, is:

175 mL/min

A patient brought to the emergency room has the following laboratory results: sodium = 140 mmol/L glucose = 80 mg/dL BUN = 6.0 mg/dL osmolality = 316 mOsm/Kg H2O

286

A protein that is normally produced by the fetus but is found in increased amounts in the amniotic fluid in cases of spina bifida is:

Alpha1-fetoprotein

Azotemia refers to:

An increase in urea in blood

Given the following lab results, what is the most likely cause of the patient's BUN? BUN - 45 mg/dL Creatinine - 1.8 mg/dL Uric Acid - 7 mg/dL pH - 7.22 pCO2 - 74.4 mm Hg Po2 - 32.8 mm Hg Os Sat - 51.3%

Congestive heart failure

Increased serum albumin concentrations are seen in which of the following conditions?

Dehydration

Hyperkalemia may be seen in all of the following except:

Diuretic therapy only

True or false: the ideal specimen for tryglyceride analysis is serum

False

A glycoprotein that binds with hemoglobin to facilitate the removal of hemoglobin by the reticuloendothelial system is:

Haptoglobin

In the colorimetric determination of cholesterol, using the enzyme cholesterol oxidase, ____________ is the agent that oxidizes the colorless organic compound, 4-aminoantipyrine, to a pink complex.

Hydrogen peroxide

Hematuria, proteinuria (>3.5 g/dL), RBC casts, and oliguria are the principal features of:

Nephrotic syndrome

Laboratory tests are performed on a post-menopausal, 57-year-old woman as part of an annual physical examination. The patient's 2-hour post-prandial glucose is 220 mg/dL and serum insulin is 15 μU/ml (normal = 6-26). Based on this information, the patient would be classified as:

Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

The majority of absorbed lead is take up by _____________ and inhibits heme synthesis:

RBCs

A physician calls the laboratory and asks what lab tests should be requested to assess the acid-base balance function of a patient's renal system. You reply:

Serum bicarbonate and blood pH

Monitoring of _____ on chemotherapy due to leukemia, lymphoma or multiple myeloma is necessary to avoid nephrotoxicity.

Serum uric acid

A toxic condition involving a very high serum level of urea and creatinine accompanies by failure of the three main functions of the renal system in referred to as:

Uremia

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) are both elevated in which of the following diseases?

Viral hepatitis

A common cause of respiratory alkalosis is:

Vomiting

The reaction rate assay measures enzyme ____; and endpoint assay measure enzyme ____.

Activity/activity

The major source of arsenic in humans is:

Diet

Blood specimens drawn early in the morning are recommended for measuring serum iron and TIBC because:

Iron exhibits a diurnal cyclic variation

A shift of the oxygen dissociation curve to the right, resulting in a decreased affinity of hemoglobin oxygen, may be due to:

Low blood pH level

A patient is admitted to the emergency room in a state of metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following would most likely be consistent with this diagnosis?

- high pCO2 - increased HCO3

Which of the following electrolytes would be increased in the serum if the blood specimen was hemolyzed?

- potassium - phosphate

An electrolyte panel was performed on a patient in the emergency room. The following values were reported: Sodium: 150 mEq/L Potassium: 5 mEq/L Chloride: 110 mEq/L Bicarbonate: 30 mEq/L The anion gap (without using K) for this patient is:

10

Elevations in which of the following are MOST likely to indicate liver disease?

- AST - ALT - ALK phosphatase

Common clinical laboratory methods for the measurement of serum albumin are based on the properties of albumin as a/an:

Binding protein

Of the following drug therapies, which is most likely to interfere with the Jaffe chemistry for measuring creatinine?

Cephalosporin