CM 1011 ch 1,2,3,4,5,6,8,13
Once the estimate is complete the contractor
prepares and submits their bid and delivers it to the owner.
low-bid selection and IFB
price only
the bulk of a company's workload will be secured through a rigorous _______________
price-bidding competition
superintendent
primary person responsible for oversight of all construction operations
Lean Principles
principles that focus on creating more value for customers with less work and the elimination of waste
Project Delivery
process by which all the procedures and components of designing and building a facility are organized and put together in an agreement that results in a completed project.
purchasing of construction services and the steps the owner takes to obtain goods and services
procurement
The complexity of the project and project details impacts ___________
productivity.
architectural programming
provides the basis of the design, and the design directs the construction
require the selection of contractors to be on a basis of lowest bid
public contract laws
substantial completion
punch list complete, architect determines facility ok and officially ends project. payment due to contractor are released
-Based on qualifications only - not price -used for agency CM, CM-at-risk, and design-build in a few states
qualifications based selection (QBS)
quality dial
quality is monitored and controlled by a variety of means, such as specifications, punch lists, inspections, tests, and user surveys
project manuel
quality of work
You must do a quantity takeoff by
quantifying all of your materials, labor, and general conditions before you can price the work.
During detailed estimates ______________________ are calculated for every aspect of the project.
quantities and costs
drawing
quantity of work
By reviewing the plans and specs an opportunity is provided of the estimator to uncover details that
require clarification about the project that are not addressed in the contract documents.
sustainable construction (green)
seeks to reduce the negative impacts of construction on humans and the environment
Scope of Work
sets parameters of the project, and identifies what work needs to get done
base insulators
shock absorbers made of layers of rubber and steel attached to a buildings foundation to allow movement of the structure
narrowing the list of offers through the selection of the most qualified proposers based on qualifications
shortlisting
There is always a time period between project bids and when the construction _________
starts
Construction estimates are mostly made up of
subcontractor and vendor bids.
The General Requirements Subgroup
subgroup that addresses issues associated with carrying out the requirements of the contract and job specific overhead items
The Facility Construction Subgroup
subgroup that deals with all the standard architectural divisions of work
first-level players
subs, material suppliers, and vendors
budget and time
superintendent must be concerned with....
organizing the job-site and managing construction on a daily basis
superintendent must be responsible for...
a leader and knowledgable about construction
superintendent must be....
jobsite management
superintendent responsibility and ability to organize and run the job-site (in almost EVERY aspect)
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED)
tests building environmental life cycle
At-risk CM
the CM acts as a consultant to the owner in the development and design phases but is the equivalent of a GC during construction
Under a GMP contract any realized savings will go to the owner when _________________________________________________.
the actual cost is less than the GMP.
The estimate is a summary based on
the best info available, of probable quantities and costs of materials, labor, equipment, and subcontractors.
At-risk CM
the cm acts as a consultant to the owner of the development but as equivalent of the GC during the construction phase
Construction contracts are scarce in very tight markets making
the cost of construction very competitive which will be reflected in condition.
-most important tool to convey the work -graphical set of directives prepared by the architects and engineers
the drawings (blueprints)
to start with a really well-defined project scope
the key to delivering a successful project is?
site layout
the lay out of major site features such as break areas, crane locations etc...
Design-Bid-Build
the owner is responsible for paying for errors in design in the ____________ method
construction management
the planning, scheduling, evaluation, and controlling of construction activities to accomplish a specific objective outlined in a contract
-time -cost -quality/ three-legged stool + safety
the primary objective of the CM function is to control?
project delivery
the process by which a building, facility, or structure is designed and constructed
due diligence
the process of identifying any problems or areas of concern that exist and addressing them during the pre construction phase
The estimator is often
the representative sent to place the bid because they are most familiar with the project.
site layout plan
the superintendent must formulate and diagram a ____________ ___________ ____________ and staying strategy that will provide the highest productivity and efficiency of movement
legal agreement
there is no __________ between the designer and contractor in the Design-Bid-Build method
prebid meeting
this meeting occurs at the project site and provides an opportunity for the bidding contractors to get their questions answered
time dial
time is monitored and controlled by a detailed schedule, breaking each item of work down into its component part
time dial
time is monitored and controlled by a detailed schedule, breaking each item of work down into its component parts
The primary objective of the CM function is to control
time, cost, and quality/ three-legged stool + safety
ultimate goal of project
to keep project on schedule, within budget, and of high quality
function dial
to meet all functional requirements of the end-user group that will satisfy their short- and long-term needs
fast tracking
to speed up the time of the job by overlapping the design phase and the construction phase
The key to delivering a successful project is
to start with a really well-defined project scope.
During the Renaissance architects first began
to use drawings to communicate their design intent.
true
true or false, the code of hammurabi was the first building code
weighted criteria
used for scoring technical proposals in the BFS where point are warranted on qualitative and price components
distributed repository approach
utilized by most subcontractors. this process links the model to a collection of separate databases with independent programs
No one should estimate a job without
visiting the job site. There are site conditions that just cannot be understood by merely looking at the plans and specs.
curtain wall
wall entirely supported by the frame of the buying rather than being self-supporting or load bearing (commercial)
When you have a difficult owner/architect you will need to
watch things more carefully with project.
Engineering News Record
weekly magazine dedicated solely to the construction industry
-architect -engineer -construction
what 3 skills did the master builder have
advancement in computer tech
what advancement did the age of technology bring
the middle ages
what age did the roman catholic church revitalized construction
-Design-Bid-Build -Construction Management -Design-Build
what are the 3 types of project delivery
-cost -time -quality -safety -scope -function
what are the 6 factors to ensure a successful project?
-decision making -problem solving
what are the most important skills needed to succeed in CM?
-project closeout, -owner move in, -warranty period, -project evaluation
what does the post construction stage include?
roman
what empire created the first roads and advancements in glass
egypt and the pyramids
what era was the concept of the master builder invented
Marketing effort has increased in construction
what is the effect of the bidding process becoming more competitive and profit margins are getting thinner
-design-build -at-risk CM
what methods are considered integrated project delivery models?
-owner -designer -contractor
what players are ALWAYS involved no matter the project delivery method chosen?
industrial revolution
what revolution made building science as a discipline
-agency CM - at-risk CM
what two options are available under the CM project delivery method?
-hydrated lime -pozzolan ash
what was the first concrete made of
-mud -wood -stone
what were the 3 most common materials in ancient times
-1800s -steel replace iron framing
when was the age of the skyscrapper
full-service design-build firm
where the design and construction professionals work in the same firm
field personnel
who is usually underutilized during value engineering?
precursor to modern day architect
who was leone battista alberti
-oil prices, -global warming -water scarcity -overall health
why go green
notice to proceed
will be issued by the owner providing the go-ahead for construction
steps once material order is placed
will-call and delivery confirmation, receipt and direction of material, inspection of material, acceptance (signing off) or refusal of material
The primary organizational tool utilized by the construction estimator is the
work breakdown structure (WBS).
Productivity is the amount of
work that that can be placed to installed in a specified unit of time.
You build an estimate almost in the same order that
you build the actual facility.
Detailed estimates are developed when
you have the plans and specifications.
How is scope determined?
- Architectural Program - who is responsible for what?
How is Quality Determined?
- Contract Specs. - Punch Lists - Inspections
How is time limit determined?
- Schedule - detail each step in the acquisition, fabrication, construction, and closeout process - contract
additional requirements of low bid selection:
- bid bonds - non-collusion affidavits - certificates of insurance - subs list (if any is missing the bid may be deemed non-responsive)
Public Private Partnerships
- creates a building for public use - 2 parties share in resources, risks, and rewards - increase control and quality
How is the cost determined?
- estimate or budget - contract
Construction management functions
- estimating the project -administering the contract -managing the job site -planning and scheduling the project -monitoring project performance -managing project quality -managing project safety -assessing project risks
Benefits to marketing efforts
- value engineering - construct-ability review - budgeting and scheduling during design
Design-Bid-Build
-A traditional method construction where the owner holds two separate contracts for design and construction -owner first hires architect to design then selects the general contractor once the plans are complete
What are the fundamental objectives of the construction estimate?
-accuracy -completeness
Commercial Building
-addresses the needs of commerce, trade, and government like: banks, schools, theaters, religious facilities -funded by private or public or combined
Bidding Documents
-advertisement or invitation to bid -instruction to bidders -bid forms -the agreement form
What to options are available under the CM project delivery method?
-agency CM - at-risk CM (CM/GC)
What is a Construction Contract?
-an agreement between the owner and contractor and is enforceable by law.
Advertisement or Invitation to Bid
-appears at the beginning of the project manual -acts as a notice to interested parties
Lowest responsive bid
-bid that will be awarded the job -meets all the requirements
the project manual includes
-bidding documents -general conditions -supplemental conditions -technical specifications
Superintendent
-coordinates all of the on site construction activities on site. -He/she is the daily point contact for the owner and other reps.
Most important skills needed to succeed in CM
-decision making -problem solving
What methods are considered integrated project delivery models?
-design-build -at-risk CM
contract documents
-final detailed drawings known working drawings and the project specifications are known as the CD's -they are the plans that the builder will actually use for construction
Pre-Construction Stage
-first -Assign project team, due diligence, value engineering, permitting
post construction stage
-fourth -project close out, owners move-in, warranty, project evaluation
Preliminary estimates
-if you have drawings with overall dimensions you can move on to this type of estimate -higher level of accuracy
characteristics of a good estimator
-is creative, yet practical -is detailed oriented and thorough -has good visualization skills
Heavy Civil Construction
-known as horizontal construction -includes roadways, bridges, tunnels -funded by public
Residential Building
-multi-family dwellings: apartments, townhouses -funded by private groups -tools: hammers, nails, drills
soil testing and engineering
-one of the most reliable practices utilized to eliminate surprises associated with subsurface conditions -should be provided by owner, reviewed by architect for design, and used by the contractor to price and conduct work
What players are ALWAYS involved no matter the project delivery method chosen?
-owner -designer -contractor
bidding stage
-plans and specifications are produced for builders -this stage is coordinated by the architect to assist the owner
project closeout
-project punch out, -substantial completion, -final inspection, -certificate of occupancy, -commissioning, -final documentation, -final completion
Conceptual estimates
-rough estimates and are often called ballpark estimates. -use this estimate when you are in the idea or concept stage of a project
Procurement stage
-second -Project but-out, subcontracts, purchase orders
mobilization
-setting up and getting ready for construction, laying out site to be safe and efficient environment -activities that should be done during this are: secure the site, develop a materials and handling plan, arrange for trash and debris removal, etc.
construction stage
-stage when the work is ready to start -superintendent calls for a pre-construction meeting with subcontractors and material vendors -meeting sets ground rules for working together
pre-construction stage
-stage where the project manager is captain of the construction team -one of the hardest stages
bid forms
-the actual forms that need to be filled out when submitting the bid -includes: bid price, completion date, subcontractors, etc.
The quality of the project is defined by
-the standards set forth in the specifications. -and is established by the owner
Construction stage
-third -Mobilization, staging, layout, operations
3 types of Project Delivery
1. Design-Bid-Build 2. CM 3. Design-Build
Two major components of contract documents
1. Drawings (Plans)- discuss the quantity of the work 2. Project Manual (specs)- discuss the quality of the work
contractors who compete for public projects must have three bonds:
1. bid bond 2. performance bond 3. labor and material payment bond
Organization of the drawings
1. civil drawings 2. architectural drawings 3. structural drawings 4. mechanical drawings 5. electrical drawings
6 factors to control in order to ensure a successful project
1. cost 2. Time 3. Quality 4. Safety 5. Scope 6. Function
4 basic contact types:
1. lump sum 2. cost-plus-fee 3. guaranteed max price 4. unit-price contracts
4 basic types of drawings
1. plans 2. elevations 3. sections 4. details
decisions to bid
1. who is the owner 2. who is the architect 3. location of project 4. present workload 5. technical aspects of job 6. is it a high-profile project? 7. type of project 8. size of project
When doing a construction estimate, you are concerned with three things:
1.how many(quantities) 2.how much(pricing) 3.how long(productivity)
What are four obvious direct costs associated with any project?
1.materials 2.labor 3.equipment 4.subcontractors
There are fours steps to ensure the pricing from subcontractors and vendors are complete and thorough
1.solicit the bids 2.receive the bids 3.analyze the bids 4.choose the bids
1995 edition of MasterFormat has ___ editions.
16
-construction boom -standards and specs established -ASC founded
20th century
Building Information Modeling (BIM)
3D modeling technology
You work from the ground up by using the
48 divisions of the 2004 CSI MasterFormat outline.
2004 MasterFormat has ___ divisions which are grouped together into __ groups
49 5
-residential -commercial -heavy civil -industrial -enviromental
5 main CM sectors
brownfield sites
A property that is abandoned or underused because of historic environmental contamination.
program
A written statement of the owner's conditions and requirements for the project.
Associated Builders & Contractors
ABC
Associated General Contractors
AGC
The American Institute of Constructor
AIC
a change or addition to the contract documents issued after the documents have been released but before the bids are due
Addendum
compete to get the opportunity to build the project
Before you can manage a project you must first
_______ _________ waited by a pay phone to alter the bid at the last moment.
Bid Runner
issued by a surety company and act like a form of credit, use their financial resources to back obligations of the contractor
Bonds
joint venture
CM and design firm form a legal entity where both are financially at risk for delivering the project
The Construction Management Association of America
CMAA
-all work in construction is organized and managed under this -used to organize estimates and track project costs
CSI Master Format
Project Manager
Captain of the team, usually with extensive experience in construction and management
requests made by the owner to add or subtract features to the scope of the project resulting in changes to the contract
Change order
Private projects bidding requirements:
Closed bidding (invitation to bid) (owner can limit # of contractors)
CAD
Computer Aided Design
CSI
Construction Specification Institute
self-performed work
Construction work that is performed with the general contractor's own forces or labor. This is work that is not subcontracted.
The plans and specs are often referred to as the _______ _________.
Contract Documents
also referred to as a time & materials contract, the owner reimburses the contractor for the labor and material costs of the project plus a fixed fee or percentage of the cost.
Cost-Plus-Fee contract (used when scope is hard to define)(significant risks to the owner while it guarantees the contractor a profit)
-provides general info about the project -sometimes includes a perspective drawing
Cover Sheet (owner noted, geo location, sheet index, etc.)
The owner is responsible for paying for errors in design in the _________________ method.
Design-Bid-Build
Traditional method of construction where the owner holds two separate contracts for design and construction- owner first hires arch. to design and then selects GC once plans are complete
Design-Bid-Build
CM and designer join forces and one of the two will enter into a contract with the owner to provide both services and the second partner is considered a subcontractor but has no direct contract with the owner
Designer and contractor partnership
___________________ estimates are the most reliable estimates if the contractor is being asked to give a firm bid on a project.
Detailed
-depict portions of a building "blown up" in scale to help explain finer elements of design -drawn large
Details
-depict what the building would look like when standing from the outside looking at the building -are named after the direction of the exterior wall
Elevations
CM-At-Risk
GC provides both pre-construction and construction services
CM-At-Risk (max price delivery)
GC provides both pre-construction and construction services.
The _________ __________ are one of the most important documents associated with the construction contract.
General Conditions
This subgroup contains just Division 1
General Requirements Subgroup
-Variation of cost-plus-fee contract, and is popular is design-build delivery, Owner pays cost-plus-fee up to the GMP -owner is obligated to pay only actual costs plus a fee
Guaranteed Maximum Price Contract
see where laydown areas and deliveries would work best, info can be loaded directly into equipment
How can BIM help w/ layout and fieldwork?
helps to isolate, analyze, and optimize any area of the project, cuts down schedule, raise quality and lower cost
How can BIM help with prefabrication?
it holds vital info about every component of the model (model linked to a database), good for visuals/presentations
How is BIM different from CAD 3D models?
notification to selected contractors that furnish info on submission of bids on private projects
Invitation for Bids
-Most common method of bidding for contractors to get their work -the plans and specs are classified as being 100 percent complete
Low Bid Selection
National Association of Home Builders
NAHB
safety
Nothing is more important than_________
Must be used when public funds are being used. There must be public advertisement in newspapers and trade journals and allow any qualified contractor to bid
Open Bid
horizontal "cut" through building or bird's eye view
Plans
_______________ estimates should never be used to commit to a contract price because too many factors can influence the reliability of the numbers.
Preliminary
weeds out the contractors that are not qualified to bid on the project
Prequalification
includes retail outlets, private offices, private schools, apartment complexes
Private Projects
Process by which all procedures and components of designing and building are organized and put together in an agreement to get a completed project
Project Delivery
A public agency and a private sector entity work together to deliver a gvt. project- used in water developments, transportation, urban development
Public Private Partnerships (PPP)
project type that includes schools, highways, gov builidngs
Public Project
used in best value selection where the owner writes up a document requesting pricing and a technical solution for design/construction services
Request for Proposals
used by qualifications-based selections is used by owner prior to an RFP to solicit designer/contractor qualifications
Request for Qualifications
architectural programming
Research and decision making process that identifies the scope of work for a design project.
Nothing is more important than ____________?
Safety
Sets parameters of the project, and identifies what work needs to get done
Scope of Work (defined in Plans and Specs)
-provide a deeper understanding of the design at certain key spots of the building -vertical cut
Sections
generally deal with conditions that are project specific
Supplemental Conditions
make up the bulk of the project manual and describe the detail that can not be conveyed by the graphics alone
Technical Specifications
cofferdams
Temporary watertight enclosures erected to prevent water from seeping into an area (commercial)
-Requires that qualifications based selection be used to purchase architecture and engineering services -price negotiations not a consideration in the selection process
The Brooks Act (1972)
Project Manager, contract administrator, estimator
The office support division is made up of who?
Project manager, general superintendent, assistant superintendent, field engineer
The on-site division is made up of who?
Construction Management
The planning, scheduling, evaluation, and controlling of construction tasks and activities to accomplish specific objectives outlined in the contract documents.
-Second part of the contract documents: referred to as the specs -is the written part
The project manual
On-site and Office support
The project team is split into which two divisions?
specifications
The written instructions from an architect or engineer accompanying the project plans pertaining to the quality of materials and workmanship required for the project.
What is one of the factors that estimators must be aware of when putting together the numbers for a project?
Timing
Used when work to be performed cannot be accurately measured ahead of time, common on heavy civil jobs. applied unit price to each bid item.
Unit-Price Contract
greek
________ influence started to organize skilled stonemasons
What is the advantage of using CAD?
a 100 sheet set of drawings weighing 40 lbs can fit on a small CD-ROM and be carried in someones pocket
site-location
a location that is energy efficient, close to cities , public transportation, housing
Designer and contractor partnership
a partnership where the CM and designer join forces and one of the two will enter into a contract with the owner to provide both services and the second partner is considered a subcontractor but has no direct contract with the owner
value engineering
a process in which various alternative approaches are evaluated regarding design, product selection, or building systems in an effort to provide the most efficient, cost-effective solution possible relative to value in response to the desires of the owner
commisioning
a process of testing and checking all equipment and systems at the end of a project
construct-ability reviews
a review process where experienced personnel ensures the details of the design can be build efficiently and cost effective in manner
project punch out
activity guided by project punch list, completion of list results in release of final payment
Direct costs are those items that
actually go into building the facility.
a public notice that provides info regarding bidding procedures for public projects
advertisement for bids
procurement stage
aka "buying out" the job or purchasing labor, materials, equipment and subcontracts. accomplished by subcontracts and purchase orders
value engineering
alternative approaches are evaluated regarding design to bring the the cost effective and efficient solution equal to the value desired by the owner
An estimate is
an educated guess.
An estimator will need _____________________
an overall understanding of the difficulty of the construction project when making judgement calls that will effect the accuracy of the estimate
How do construction projects start?
an owner has a need for new, improved, or expanded facilities to serve their purpose
project plans
are the graphic instructions in the project manual
laydown areas
areas sometimes required for large orders of materials to be sorted and identified easily
Costs
as an estimator your primary concern is where the ______ will come from and their reliability
Contract administrator
assists the project manager and Superintendent with the details of the contract
infrastructure
basic roadways, bridges, and railroad networks that support society
the earlier the CM is involved in the design/construction process the greater the ______________________ to the project.
benefit
proposals contain price and qualitative components and the award is based on a combination of those components
best value selection
Pre-bid meetings are common for the owner and/or designer to have prior to
biddings
conveying systems
building element that includes equipment like elevators, escalators, moving walkers, materials handling systems
fire protection
building element that includes equipment like sprinkler, standpipe and hose systems, fire protection specialities
basement construction
building element that includes work like basement excavation, walls and waterproofing
site work
building element that includes work like clearing, grading, utilities, layout, landscaping, irrigation, paving, and exterior concrete
foundations
building element that includes work like excavation, foundations and slabs on grade
superstructure
building element that includes work like floor construction and roof construction
benefits of BIM
building project in virtual world, allows contractor to work out glitches behind a computer vs in the field, allows contractor to link schedule and estimates
You need to calculate "how many" before you can
calculate "how much".
safety dial
care must always be taken to ensure that the building process and the building itself do not create unacceptable hazards to workers or users
two basic approaches to implement BIM
central repository approach and distributed repository approach
Before you can manage a project you must first
compete to get the opportunity to build the project.
slip forms
concrete forms that rise up the wall as construction progresses (commercial)
CCO
conditional certificate of occupancy
a review process where experienced personnel ensures the details of the design can be built efficiently and cost-effective in manner
construct-ability reviews
-estimating the project -administering the contract -managing the job site -planning and scheduling the project -monitoring project performance -managing project quality -managing project safety -assessing project risks
construction management functions
More than half of all design projects are led by
contractors
Multiple prime
contracts that are directly with several specialty contractors that allow the CM firm to manage each of them and the owner to bypass GCs
third-level players
courts and attorneys, local govt, state govt, fed govt, education and training, bankers
engineer
deal with the systems
scope of work
defines in blueprints or plans the overall extent of work to be included in a construction contract such as the building layout, site work, types of material, special equipment, storage requirements, etc.
scope of work
defines in blueprints or plans the overall extent of work to be included in a construction contract such as the building layout, site work, types of materials, special equipment, storage requirements, etc.
Project location impacts the ease of procurement and
delivery of materials, labor, and equipment, and therefore it affects overall pricing of a project.
integrated project delivery
delivery when the contractor is brought on board during the design phase
contractibility reviews
design review that ensures that the details of the design actually can be built in an efficient and cost effective manner
architects
design the overall aesthetic and functional look of buildings
one contract exists between the owner and design-build entity and that entity is responsible for both the design and construction (single-source project delivery)
design-build
design development
detail of the work design occurs here. selection of material, equipment and systems to go into building
project punch list
detailed list that ensures quality of all work items, complied from lists by the owner, architect and contractor
schedule
details of each step in the acquisition, fabrication, construction, and closeout process
project meetings
discuss construction progress and concerns, everything must be documented
Programming and feasibility
done prior to design and engages the owner to clarify needs
civil drawings
drawing that describes the items of work associated with the site like grading, demolition, excavation
architectural drawings
drawing that describes the overall aesthetics
mechanical drawings
drawing that splits between the plumbing and the heating, ventilation, air conditioning
structural drawings
drawings identify the major components making up the structural frame of the building, such as columns, beams, and girders
field engineer
entry level position that is the first step in moving through ranks of project management. Handles paperwork such as RFIs, submittals and shop drawings
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
establishes the basic building blocks of both the estimate and the schedule
prices, availability
estimator must be careful to anticipate fluctuations in __________ and _________ of labor during different stretches of time
Indirect costs are the
expenses incurred in order to manage and deliver the materials, labor, equipment, and subcontracts employed in any given job.
Agency CM
fee based service, CM is responsible exclusively to the owner and acts on their best interest, but is not financially responsible
schematic design
first step of creative process consisting of sketches that identify preliminary design characteristics
the design and construction professionals work in the same firm
full-service design-build firm
Complex projects are difficult because the require
greater skills and/or more time.
not always cost effective
green construction is
The estimate must be low enough to get the bid, but
high enough to make a profit off of.
an owner has a need for new, improved, or expanded facilities to serve their purpose
how do construction projects start?
-by schedule -by contract
how is a time limit determined?
-using estimates and budgets -creating a contract
how is cost determined?
-contract specs -punch lists -inspections
how is quality determined?
low-bid selection
if the criteria is price only then the selection method is _____________ and the solicitation instrument is invitation for bids (IFB)
life cycle costs, spend less money in the long run
impacts of green construction
design stage
includes programming and feasibility, schematic design, design development, and contract documents
The larger the project is the more opportunity there is to
increase efficiencies around any particular activity.
second-level players
insurance companies, utility companies, bonding companies
the contractor is brought on board during the design phase
integrated project delivery
Economy of scale
is a proportionate saving in costs gained by an increased level of production.
housing prices
is an economic indicator of construction in the US economy
scope dial
is monitored and controlled to identify the space needs and track compliance of the building design with those needs, this should match the end user's needs of the facility design over the life of the building with no gaps in between
scope dial
is monitored and controlled to identify the space needs and track compliance of the building design with those needs, this should match the end users needs of the facility design over the life of the building with no gaps in between
The purpose of the WBS
is to organize and identify the work of the project by breaking each division of work into separate work packages.
certificate of occupancy
issued by building official, signifies and life safety reqs are met so owner can move in, CC) issued allowing limited occupancy
cost dial
it is essential to predict and control what the construction project will cost. Costs are established, targeted, and controlled by the means of an estimate or budget
cost dial
it is essential to predict and control what the construction project will cost. Costs are established, targeted, and controlled by the means of an estimate or budget.
The larger the project the more
it is going to cost.
CM and design firm form a legal entity where both are financially at risk for delivering the project
joint venture
post construction stage
just as important as stages leading up to this, must execute responsibilities with same energy as beginning of job for positive impression on owner
Management factors include such things as
knowing how difficult a certain owner or architect may be.
Location impacts the availability and cost of __________
labor.
There is no _____________ between the designer and contractor in the Design-Bid-Build method.
legal agreement
solar orientation
location of a building and the amount of sunlight entering the building, can drive up AC prices
site investigation
looking for hidden geological problems, hazardous material, or historical remnants that may delay or alter the job
Most common type of contract, the contractor agrees to complete the work specified in the plans and specs for a fixed price
lump-sum
Goal of the design team
make the building compliant with various statutory regulations. project success relies on compliance with regulations
to be the winner of the "game" you must have
met the owner's expectations for: 1. price 2. schedule 3. quality 4. performance
contractors
more than half of all design projects are led by ___________
BIM (building information model)
multi dimensional model of the traditional two-dimensional plans and specs
correspondence
must be filed and recorded through out the duration of the project. includes submittals, payment requests, punch lists, change orders, trasmittals, RFIs, letters, emails, faxes
indoor quality
natural ventilation, natural light, use of non-toxic materials
management concerns created by the construction itself
noise control, dust and mud control, environmental protections, cleanup and trash removal
central repository approach
often considered impractical. it merges all info from estimating and scheduling into one database
design-build
one contract exists between the owner and design-build entity and that entity is responsible for both the design and construction (single-source project delivery)
two types of warranties
one deals with workmanship and installations, other deals with products, materials and equipment
keeping subcontractors in schedule
open and honest communication, weekly subcontractor meetings
Value engineering
optimize resources by reviewing designs, products, materials, installation methods, applications and execution to get best value for owner
final documentation
package of documents to be submitted to the owner including: warranties, operation manuals, inspection and testing reports
technical proposal
part of the design-build proposal that contains the design for the project and will also include information regarding scheduling, team makeup, and the overall management plan
price proposal
part of the design-build proposal that provides the price the design-builder will provide the design/construction services
2D drawings that represent a 3D object and displays the width, height, and length of the structure
perspective drawing
Low bidding the _________________ are a part of the contract
plans and specs
