CM 1102 Midterm
1:120
1'' = 20' in ratio style
20 scale
1'' = 20' is called
engineering scale
1'' = X'
1:48
1/4'' = 1' - 0'' in ratio style
quarter scale
1/4'' = 1' - 0'' is called
eighth scale
1/8'' = 1' - 0'' is called
sand, water, cement, and aggregates
4 components of concrete
welded wire fabric
6x8-W8.0xW4.0 is an example of a type of
architectural scale
X'' = 1' - 0''
bond
a ____ is the brick-laying pattern
schedule
a list of details or sizes for building components such as doors, windows, or beams
floor plan
a plan view showing room sizes and locations and many construction details. For simple construction this may contain ALL of the needed info
10' x 10'
a roofing square is typically (size)
alphabet of lines
accepted system of line conventions for describing an object or building
building brick
also called "common brick" -used for interior and exterior walls, backing, and other applications where appearance is not important
nonferrous metals
aluminum, copper, brass, bronze
local building codes
are ordinances stating minimum standards for construction requirements and practices in a given area or community
more details
because _____ can be shown on orthographic drawings, these are typically used in construction rather than pictorial drawings
1 dash
centerlines have ____ between the longer straight line
galvanizing
coating steel or iron with zinc to resist rusting
compressive tensile
concrete and masonry have great ____ strength and little ___ (pulling) strength
solider course
course of brick usually found above windows or at the top of a structure
pictorial drawings
drawing in which an object is shown as it actually appears
architectural drawing
drawing showing the materials and construction processes that define the structure, typically created as plan, elevation, section, and detail drawing
plan drawing/view
drawing that shows one floor of a building from directly above
4 feet
floor plans are typically taken ____ above ground
hydration
hardening of the concrete is caused by a chemical reaction between the cement and water called ___
rebar
helps reinforce concrete-has a high tensile strength and is measured by (#/8) in inches
all dashes
hidden lines are described by
depth and weight
in a W12x16 steel beam. 12 indicates beam 12'' in ____ and 16 lbs/ft in ____
elevation
in surveying, the height of a survey marker above sea level; a measurement on a plot or foundation referenced to a known point. In architectural drafting, the drawing of the front, sides, or rear view of a structure
ferrous metals
iron and steel
wood
is used for structural framing, trim, floors, walls, and cabinetry-excellent impact resistance
building codes
laws and standards specifying requirements for building construction
front
length of a 3D drawing is shown of this view
property lines
line shown on a site plan representing the limits of a plot of land-length and bearing typically identified-shows boundaries of plot of land
leaders
line that has an arrow at one end and a text note or symbol at the other end-arrow points to detail to which note refers
cutting plane lines
line that marks the part of the drawing being "cut" to create a sectional view. arrows on the end of this line indicate the viewing direction
extension lines
lines drawn to specify the features between which the dimension applies
dimension lines
lines extending the length of a distance being measured
border lines
lines located near the edge of the sheet of drawing paper-defines drawing limits
object lines
lines that represent the main outline of the features of the object
section lines
lines that reveal the interior construction details of a building component that has been "sectioned" -drawn at 45 degree angle
hidden lines
lines used to define edges and surfaces that are not visible in a particular view
centerlines
lines used to indicate centers of objects such as columns, fixtures, equipment, and openings-can also indicate finished floor line-lines of symmetry
break lines
lines used to indicate that only a portion of an object is shown
legend
list of symbols included on a print
plumbing plan
location of hose bibbs would be found on the ___
arrowheads
marking devices placed at the ends of a dimension line to define the distance between points (extension lines) on drawing
gypsum blocks
masonry blocks primarily used for interior nonbearing walls, fire-resistant partitions, and enclosures around structural steel-face size of 12'' x 30''
mortar
masonry units are held together by a binding agent called
6
maximum number of orthographic views
lintels
members placed in masonry walls above door and window openings-can be pre-stressed concrete, steel, stone, ect
ferrous metals
metals that can produce rust
ferrous
metals that contain iron as a principal element, have magnetic properties, and are stronger
nonferrous
metals that do not contain iron, have no magnetic properties, and are lighter/less strong
face brick
more care is taken in the manufacturing of this type of masonry
model codes
national building codes that promote uniformity nationwide
structural framing plan
plan drawing showing the framing of the roof, floors, and various elevations or wall sections-required for more complex structures
plumbing plan
plan drawing showing the layout of the water distribution and drainage systems
electrical plan
plan view drawing showing the layout of the electrical wiring and fixtures
mechanical plan
plan view drawing showing the location of mechanical equipment in a building, such as HVAC system and plumbing system
stamped or approved
plans must be ___ by architect or engineer
orthographic projection
projection of an object as it is viewed from six different perpendicular directions-basis of architectural plan and elevation drawings
2 dashes
property lines have _____ between the longer straight line
welded wire fabric
reinforces concrete slabs, floor, and pipe-prefabricated
symbol
represents a type of fixture or other product used in construction
drawing to actual object
scale shows ratio of
structural
section of working drawing showing concrete, steel, and wood information
architectural
section of working drawing showing floor plans, elevations, finishes, sections, and schedules
civil
section of working drawing showing plot plans, site grading, landscape and layout
mechanical
section of working drawing showing plumbing and HVAC systems
electrical
section of working drawing showing power and lighting systems
utility
section of working drawing showing public or municipal electrical and plumbing supply lines-sometimes on civil section
working drawings
set of drawings providing the necessary details and dimensions to construct the object-may include specifications
short break lines
shows features underneath the break
long break lines
shows portion of long wall
3/8''
size of #3 rebar
2'' x 4'' x 8 1/2''
size of board foot
50 divisions
specifications are split into ___
construction documents
specs and drawings together form the ___
gage system
system used to measure the thickness of sheet metal products
sheathing
the boards and panels that cover the studs and rafters of a building to which finishing materials are applied
electrical plan
the location of light switches would be found on the ____
foundation plan
the size of the basement wall would be found on the ____
ferrous and nonferrous
two types of metals
softwoods and hardwoods
two types of woods
detail
type of drawing showing a specific detail of the construction and clearly describe building componenets-normally drawn at a larger scale than other drawings
framing plan
type of floor joists would be found on the
4:12
typical roof slope (rise to run) ration is
1/2'' = 1' - 0''
typical scale used on detail drawings
1/4'' = 1' - 0''
typical scale used to make floor plan/on floor plan drawings
masonry
units are brick, concrete block, stone, and clay tile
section
view showing the building as if it were cut apart. Usually walls, stairs, and other details not clearly shown in other drawings. little larger scale than that used for elevation and plan drawings-shows how building goes together
county/parish
which ____ a structure is being built in define which building codes are necessary to account for
elevation
which type of drawing illustrates the building as if you were standing on the ground looking at it
detail drawing
which type of drawing is used when there isn't enough room on another drawing to illustrate something
sectional view
which type of drawing shows the building as if part of it were removed
right
width of a 3D drawing is shown on this view
specifications
written statements that define the extent and quality of work to be done and the materials to be used