CM 333: Quiz 2 (Ch. 3) Accident Prevention Program
What are the project superintendent's responsibilities regarding project site safety planning and enforcement of company safety policies?
- accident investigations
What type of information can be found on a MSDS?
- chemical identities/common names - physical/chemical characteristics - known health effects - exposure limits - carcinogenic nature - precautionary measures - emergency and first-aid procedures - control measures
Safety roles on site
- company leaders responsible for establishing polices, setting goals, and setting examples - supervisors understand and implement administration procedures pertaining to the safety and health program - workers should be able to recognize hazards and apply hazard mitigation solutions - safety/health professionals monitor policy implementation, conduct inspections, ensure employees are receiving training
Orientation Training
- emergency evacuation routes - shut-off valve locations - where to find on-site first-aid kits - unique site-specifc hazards test administered
What are the fundamental record keeping and reporting requirements as per OSHA standards?
- employers w 11+ employees must maintain records of occupational injuries and accidents - must be kept for five years - must be available for compliance officer's inspection - OSHA form 300 used to record injuries
OSHA record keeping policy
- employers w 11+ employees must maintain records of occupational injuries/accidents - must be available for 5 years for compliance officer inspection
What are the responsibilities of company leaders with respect to creating an effective safety and health program for a construction company?
- enforcing safety rules - provide necessary resources - establish policies - set goals - set example
Accountability
- fines for not wearing PPE - written warnings for unsafe work performance - firing breach of contract allows GC to fire sub's employee from jobsite Incentives for good performance: cash to public recognition
PPE
- hard hat - face shield - safety glasses - leather gloves - steel-toed boots - body harness - ear muffs - respirator
Technical sections suggested by WA L&I
- ladder safety - fall protection - trenching and excavation - scaffold safety - motorized vehicles and equipment - material handling and safety - lock-out-tag-out - welding and cutting - hazard communication - respirator program - hearing conservation program - heat stress - confined space
Good APPs have
- management commitment and employee involvement - work site analysis - hazard prevention and control - training/education - hazard analysis - hazard prevention - policies and procedures for working safely - employee training - continual workplace inspection - enforcement of company safety polices and procedures - reporting and communication process
What strategies can be used to make a safety and health program specific to the project and site conditions?
- site walks - look at MSDS - field meetings - job hazard analysis constant communication/improvement anticipate/recognize--evaluate--control+confirm protection
What type of information should be collected when investigating an accident on a construction project?
- type of work/tasks - training - equipment - site conditions - following policy? - who was present? - what could have been done differently?
Training in Safety program
- types of training required - when - who - frequency
Types of questions asked during accident investigaition
- what type of work - specific tasks performed by injured - did they have proper training? - were the tasks in accordance with policies? - type of equipment up to good working order? - site conditions - PPE on? - was supervisor present? - other workers present? - what preventative measures could have been adopted?
Why are engineering controls preferred over other safety means? Are PPEs the last or first resort of safety? Why?
-- Control site logistics. Isolate people from hazard PPE is last safety resort. Least effective way to protect workers
Accident Prevention Program (APP)
Also known as Occupational Health and Safety management System, Injury and Illness Prevention Plan. Prescribes 1. authority, responsibility and accountability of all parties 2. measures of systematic identification and control of job site hazards 3. initial and refresher training
Why is hazard communication an essential element of an APP?
Because if you haven't systematized communication, accountability is weak. Things might fall through the cracks.
Why is emergency response planning an essential element of an APP?
Because you're trying to prevent accidents--> accidents happen during emergencies
What is a JHA, and why is it conducted?
Job Hazard Analysis breaks down a construction activity into tasks or steps, lists all potential hazards Site specific site evaluation
What information should be made available on-site in case of emergencies?
Medical assistance nearby: info, phone number, directions to nearest Emergency Response Plan: emergency exit routes, meeting points, identify jobsite emergency response personnel + phones/addresses
Why are job walks an important element in a company safety and health program?
Snapshot of site quality, checklist promotes consistency Demands vigilance
Orientation training outcomes
Workers: - identify hazards - understand risks - understand company policy - use safety equipment properly
Accident investigation
after-the-fact approach designed to identify the cause of accidents and to prevent similar situations from reoccurring. - determine cause of accident - identify measures that should be taken to prevent reoccurance
near-miss event
an unplanned event that did not result result in injury, illness, or damage but had the potential to do so
Roles and responsibilities
clearly defined at all levels within the company management must provide workers with resources needed to work safely
hazard
condition that, if uncorrected, may lead to an injury or illness
Emergency response plan
delineates critical information specific to the project for timely responses and communication in the event of unexpected emergencies - should have: how to communicate w outside responders, identifying emergency response personnel, list of important phone numbers, emergency evacuation routes, how to report/communicate
How often should project site safety inspections be conducted?
depends on the size of the project small projects-- once a week large projects-- daily
Safety and health goals
describe the company's commitment to maintain a safe and healthy working environment in quantitative terms -- must be quantifiable, with achievable, measurable targets
hearing protection
earplugs/earmuffs
material safety data sheet
educates companies/employees about work hazards, how to protect from chemical injury/illness - specific chemical identities + common names - physical/chemical characteristics - known health effects - exposure limits - carcinogenic chemicals - precautionary measures - emergency/FA procedures - control measures provided by suppliers
Record keeping and reporting guidelines
for business management and OSHA/state program compliance Cover: - incidents, injuries, illnesses, fatalities, near-miss events
head protection
hard hats
hazard communication
hazards of on-site chemicals
hazard analysis
involves determining all of the tasks performed, conditions under which they are to be performed, likelihood of accident/injury
job hazard analysis (JHA)
involves reviewing each task to be performed in a systematic way to determine the safest method to perform each task - breaks each construction activity into tasks - lists all potential hazards associated w each task - suggest proper ways of eliminating/reducing hazard
Safety Inspections
or field inspections proactive approach to identifying hazards weekly safety inspections minimum, more if large/complex project checklists
Medical assistance
or first aid - contact information must be available - detailed procedures--> how to handle illness/injury
emergency
potentially life-threatening situation, occurring suddenly and unexpectedly
hand protection
protective gloves
Safety role of management
provide needed resources so that responsible individuals have the ability to work safely and to hold all members accountable
respiratory protection
respirators
Eye protection
safety goggles
Technical sections
safety standards that correspond to the hazards identified in phased project planning/provide supplemental information to JHA's site specific details
Company Safety and health policy
statement of the construction company management's commitment to a safe and healthful work environment
Foot protection
steel-toed boots
Phased safety planning
systematic approach that examines the logical sequence of required construction activities and highlights potential hazards considered as part of a site logistics plan