Cog Psych review

Which of the following events is most closely associated with a resurgence in interest in the mind within the study of psychology?

Skinner's publication of the book, Verbal Behavior

Who developed the concept of the cognitive map?

Tolman

The founder of the first laboratory of scientific psychology was

Wilhelm Wundt

The scene of a human sitting at a computer terminal, responding to stimuli flashed on the computer screen, would most likely be described as depicting a(n) _________ experiment.

information processing

The investigation of how behavior is strengthened by presentation of positive reinforcers (e.g., food) or withdrawal of negative reinforcers (e.g., shock) is best known as

operant conditioning

Who introduced the flow diagram to represent what is happening in the mind?

Donald Broadbent

John Watson believed that psychology should focus on the study of

observable behavior

The "cognitive revolution"

was a gradual process that occurred over a few decades

What year is usually cited as the "birthday" of cognitive science (pick the closest year)?

1956

Which of the following methods, often associated with structuralism, was used in the psychology laboratory established by Wilhelm Wundt?

Analytic introspection

Which of the following psychologists is known for research on operant conditioning?

B. F Skinner

Who proposed that children's language development was caused by imitation and reinforcement?

B. F. Skinner

________ notion that the mind could be represented as operating in a sequence of stages, often represented by boxes, allows cognitive psychologists to develop models that can be tested by further experiments

Broadbent's

Which of the following does NOT characterize the information processing (IP) approach to the study of cognition?

IP supports the principle of behaviorism that behavior is a stimulus response relationship

Which of the following is a criticism of analytic introspection?

It produces variable results from person to person

The use of the term "artificial intelligence" was coined by

John McCarthy

The first​ formal laboratory of psychology, where the approach of structuralism was created, was founded in which city?

Leipzig, Germany

Donald Broadbent was the first person to develop which of the following?

a flow diagram depicting the mind as processing info in a sequence of stages

Which of the following analogies would provide the best description for how research progresses in cognitive psychology?

a trial from which one thing leads to another

Regarding children's language development, Noam Chomsky noted that children generate many sentences they have never heard before. From this, he concluded that language development is driven largely by

an inborn biological program

The procedure in which trained participants describe their experiences and thought processes in response to stimuli presented under controlled conditions is known as

analytic introspection

The field that studies how to make machines behave in ways that are intelligent if a human were so behaving is known as

artificial intelligence

In Donders' experiment on decision making, when participants were asked to press one button if the light on the left was illuminated and another button if the light on the right was illuminated, they were engaged in a

choice reaction time task

The "Little Albert" experiment involving the rat and the loud noise is an example of which of the following types of experiments?

classical conditioning

Attention, perception, memory, and decision making are all different types of mental processes in which the mind engages. These are known as different types of

cognition

A mental conception of the layout of a physical space is known as a(n)

cognitive map

The branch of psychology concerned with the scientific study of the mind is called

cognitive psych

Using behavior to infer mental processes is the basic principle of

cognitive psych

The relationship between the _____ is NOT measured directly by cognitive psychologists

cognitive task and mental response

Your text describes the occurrence of a "cognitive revolution" during which dramatic changes took place in the way psychology was studied. This so-called "revolution" occurred parallel to (and, in part, because of) the introduction of

computers

Newell and Simon were among the first to use computers in cognitive psychology. Their computer program

created proofs for problems in logic

Donders' main reason for doing his choice reaction time experiment was to study

decision making

According to Ebbinghaus's savings curve, savings is a function of

elapsed time

Colin Cherry's experiment in which participants listen to two messages simultaneously, one in each ear, found all but which of the following?

even deaf individuals process auditory info, even on a non-conscious level

Donders' measurement of reaction time is particularly important because it demonstrated the "time course" on which the mind operates. Donders found that it took ______ to decide which of two buttons to push in response to a stimulus.

less than one second

The main point of the Donders' reaction time experiments was to

measure the amount of time it takes to make a decision

The first experiments in cognitive psychology were based on the idea that mental responses can be

measured by comparing the presentation of the stimulus and the participant's response

According to the behaviorists, only the study of ________ should be the emphasis of the science of psychology.

observable behavior

Ebbinghaus's "memory" experiments were important because they

plotted functions that described the operation of the mind

Behaviorists believe that the presentation of_______ increases the frequency of behavior

positive reinforcers

Reaction time refers to the time between the ________ of a stimulus and a person's response to it.

presentation

An early model of memory indicates that incoming information is first handled by "sensory" memory, is then moved to "short term" memory, and finally is pushed into "long-term" memory. This model, proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin in 1968, is an example of a(n) ________ model.

process

An important contribution to the field of psychology resulting from Wilhelm Wundt founding his laboratory at the University of Leipzig in 1879 was

producing PhDs who later established psychology departments at other schools, including some in the US

The example at the beginning of the book, in which Raphael talks to his friend on a cell phone on his way to class, was used to illustrate how

several different cognitive processes can take place at one time

In Donders' experiment on decision making, when participants were asked to press a button upon presentation of a light, they were engaged in a

simple reaction time task

Douglas is working on a project for his cognitive psychology class. He​ builds a plastic model of the human brain, paints each major structure a different color, and constructs a "map" that shows which functions are controlled by which brain component. Douglas's project is working from a(n) ________ model of cognitive psychology.

structural

Which of the following are the two primary categories of models in cognitive psychology?​

structural models and process models

At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Symposium on Information Theory, George Miller presented a paper suggesting that

there are limits to the human ability to process info

Which of the following stimuli were used in Ebbinghaus's "memory" experiment discussed in your text?

three letter nonsense words

By comparing reaction times across different tasks, Donders was able to conclude how long the mind needs to perform a certain cognitive task. Donders interpreted the difference in reaction time between the simple and choice conditions of his experiment as indicating how long it took to

to make a decision about the stimulus

Donders' reaction time experiment was performed using stimuli in which of the following sensory modalities?

vision