Cognitive Exam Two

If working memory were an actual workplace, which of the following best describes the members of Baddeley's model?

workers and manager

Memory performance is enhanced if the type of task at encoding matches the type of task at retrieval. This is called

transfer-appropriate processing

Researchers understood the KF had experienced a decline in short-term memory capacity because he had a digit span of

two

Procedural memories are also known as?

skill memories

In the experiment conducted by Viskontas and coworkers using picture pairs, a participant's later experience familiarity with a particular pair was coded as

"know"

Which of the following is the most accurate with regard to autobiographical memories?

Autobiographical memories can involve both episodic and semantic content

Which of the following is most commonly associated with music-enhanced autobiographical memories (MEAMS)

Emotion

A man suffering from Korsakoff's syndrome would be able to perform which of the following activities without difficulty?

Identify a picture of his childhood home

Research shows that (blank) does not improve reading comprehension because it does not encourage elaborate processing of the material

highlighting

Which of the following statements is true of the cognitive interview technique?

Police allow witnesses to talk with a minimum of interruption from the officer

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates how effective or ineffective maintenance rehearsal is in transferring information into LTM

Serena's keys were stolen from her purse. She cannot give a detailed description of her key-chain to the police, even though she used it every day for three years

James Nairne would say that effective encoding of memory is based on which of the following?

Survival

Within the context of studying, which of the following would be related to an illusion?

highlighting

A script is a type of schema that also includes knowledge of

a sequence of actions

Compared to the whole-report technique, the partial-report procedure involves

a smaller response set

Jason quickly scanned the map on his phone to get to his job interview, then took a left and ran down the block so he wouldn't be late. According to Stokes, Jason's ability to recall the directions as he's running is the result of?

an activity state followed by a sympatic state

Have you ever tried to think of the words and hum the melody of one song while the radio is playing a different song? People have often noted that this is very difficult to do. This difficulty can be understood as?

articulatory suppression

Explicit memory is to (blank) as implicit memory is to (blank)

aware; unaware

The staff working in the air traffic control tower at a busy airport can be considered a suitable metaphor for which of the following?

central executive

For most adults over age 40, the reminiscence bump describes enhanced memory for

childhood and adolescence

The research by Ericsson and colleagues (1980) examined the ability of a college student to achieve amazing feats of memory by having him remember strings of random digits that were recited to him. They found that this student used his experience with running times to help him retain these strings of numbers. The significance of this finding was that?

chunking requires knowledge of familiar patterns or concepts

Bartlett's experiment in which English participants were asked to recall the "War of the Ghosts" story that was taken from the French Indian culture illustrated the...

constructive nature of memory

Research into reconsideration of memories in people with PTSD has focused on the (blank) aspects of memory

emotion

The constructive episodic stimulation hypothesis describes how our memories are connected to our

future

According to Tulving, the defining properties of the experience of episodic memory is that

it involves mental time travel

"S", who had a photographic memory that was described as virtually limitless, was able to achieve feats of memory. according to the discussion in your text, S's memory system operated

less efficiently than normal

The primary effect (from the serial position curve experiment) is associated with?

long term memory

A property of control processes in the modal model of memory is that they?

may differ from one task to another

Bransford and Johnson's study had participants hear a passage, which turned out to be about a man on the street serenading his girlfriend in a tall building. The wording of the passage made it difficult to understand, but looking at a picture made it easier to understand. The results of this study illustrated the importance of ___________ in forming reliable long-term memories

organizational context

When light from a flashlight is moved quickly back and forth on a wall in a darkened room, it can appear to observers that there is a trail of light moving across the wall, even though physically the light is only in one place at any given time. This experience is an effect of memory that occurs because of...

persistence of vision

Lucille is teaching Kendra how to play racquetball. She teaches her how to hold the racquet, where to stand, and how to make effective shots. These learned skills that Lucille has acquired are an example of ________ memory.

procedural

Which of the following is key to the illusory truth effect

repetition

Memories of the past that have been pushed out of the person's consciousness are considered to be

repressed

Examples from your book describing real experiences of how memories, even ones from a long time ago, can be stimulated by locations, songs, and smells highlight the importance of ____ in LTM.

retrieval cues

What is the key difference between synaptic consolidation and systems consolidation?

scale

Your friend has been sick for several days, so you go over to her home to make her some chicken soup. Searching for a spoon, you first reach in a top drawer beside the dishwasher. Then, you turn to the big cupboard beside the stove to search for a pan. In your search, you have relied on a kitchen

schema

Information remains in sensory memory for

seconds or a fraction of a second

A person with a reduced digit span would most likely have a problem with...

short term

Digit span is one measure of capacity of

short term memory

Your book discusses the memory functioning of patient H.M. who underwent brain surgery to relieve severe epileptic seizures. H.M.'s case has been extremely informative to psychologists by demonstrating that...

short term memory can operate normally while long term memory is impaired

Wei has allergy symptoms. He has gone to his regular doctor and an allergy specialist, but he wasn't given a prescription by either doctor. Instead, he was advised to buy an over-the-counter medicine. While he was in the specialist's waiting area, he read a magazine where he saw three ads for an allergy medicine called SneezeLess. A week later, in a drug store, Wei says to his brother, "My doctor says SneezeLess works great. I'll buy that one." Wei and his doctor never discussed SneezeLess. Wei has fallen victim to which of the following errors?

source monitoring

(blank) consolidation involves the gradual reorganization of circuits within brain regions and takes place on a fairly long time scale

systems

The episodic buffer directly connects to which two components in Baddeley's model of memory?

the central executive and long term memory

Autobiographical memory research shows that a person's brain is more extensively activated when viewing photos

the person took themselves

Which of the following is most closely associated with implicit memory?

the propaganda effect

Jeannie loves to dance, having taken ballet for many years. She is now learning salsa dancing. Although the movements are very different from the dances she is familiar with, she has found a successful memory strategy of linking the new dance information to her previous experiences as a dancer and to her own affection for dance. This strategy suggests reliance on

the self-reference effect