Cognitive Psychology Ch 5

Given what we know about the operation of the phonological loop, which of the following word lists would be most difficult for people to retain for 15 seconds? a.MAC, CAN, CAP, MAN, MAP b.SAY, BET, PIN, COW, RUG c.BIP, TEK, LIN, MOD, REY d.PIG, DOG, RAT, FOX, HEN

a. MAC, CAN, CAP, MAN, MAP

It is easier to perform two tasks at the same time if a.the central executive is deactivated during the dual task time period. b.one is handled by the visuospatial sketch pad and one is handled by the phonological loop. c.both are handled by the phonological loop. d.both are handled by the visuospatial sketch pad.

b. one is handled by the visuospatial sketch pad and one is handled

A person with a reduced digit span would most likely have a problem with ___________ memory. a.sensory b.autobiographical c.long-term d.short-term

d. short-term

Compared to the whole report technique, the partial report procedure involves a.a smaller response set. b.a shorter rehearsal period. c.a smaller stimulus set. d.a smaller stimulus set and a smaller response set.

a. a smaller response set

Which of the following stimulus characteristics most challenges the processing capacity of short-term memory? a.complexity b.frequency c.color d.source

a. complexity

When light from a flashlight is moved quickly back and forth on a wall in a darkened room, it can appear to observers that there is a trail of light moving across the wall, even though physically the light is only in one place at any given time. This experience is an effect of memory that occurs because of a.persistence of vision. b.echoic memory. c.top-down processing. d.a visual delay effect.

a. persistence of vision

Which of the following statements about short-term memory is FALSE? a.Short-term memory stores an exact replica of sensory stimuli. b.Retention of information in short-term memory is brief. c.Short-term memory provides meaning to information. d.Short-term memory has a relatively small capacity for information.

a. short-term memory stores an exact replica of sensory stimuli

Brief sensory memory for sound is known as a.pre-perceptual auditory memory. b.echoic memory. c.iconic memory. d.primary auditory memory.

b. echoic memory

Which of the following is not a stage in the information processing model of memory? a.Long-term memory b.Episodic memory c.Sensory memory d.Short-term memory

b. episodic memory

The primary effect of chunking is to a.increase memory for items by grouping them together based on sound. b.increase the efficiency of short-term memory. c.maximize the recency effect. d.develop a visual code to supplement a phonological code for the information.

b. increase the efficiency of short-term memory

Suppose you're on the phone with a customer support representative who gives you a ticket number for your records. You're later transferred to a different representative who asks for your ticket number, but you've forgotten it. This probably occurred because the number was only temporarily stored in your a.long-term memory. b.short-term memory. c.sensory memory. d.episodic memory.

b. short-term memory

Research suggests that the capacity of short-term memory is a.equivalent to sensory memory, holding about a hundred items at one time. b.somewhat small, holding only about seven items at one time. c.quite large, holding a large number of items simultaneously. d.larger than the capacity of long-term memory among young people.

b. somewhat small, holding only about seven items at one time

Models designed to explain mental functioning are constantly refined and modified to explain new results. Which of the following exemplifies this concept based on the results presented in your text? a.Replacing the sensory memory component of the modal model with the episodic buffer b.Replacing the short-term memory component of the modal model with iconic memory c.Replacing the short-term memory component of the modal model with working memory d.Replacing the sensory memory component of the modal model with working memory

c. replacing the short-term memory component of the modal model with working memory

Digit span is one measure of capacity of a.long-term semantic memory. b.long-term memory. c.short-term memory. d.sensory memory.

c. short-term memory

If working memory were an actual workplace, which of the following best describes the members of Baddeley's model? a.competing employees b.equal team members c.workers and manager d.independent consultants

c. workers and manager

A task with the instructions "Read the following words while repeating 'the, the, the' out loud, look away, and then write down the words you remember" would most likely be studying a.echoic memory. b.the central executive. c.the visuospatial sketch pad. d.articulatory suppression.

d. articulatory suppression

Imagine yourself walking from your car, bus stop, or dorm to your first class. Your ability to form such a picture in your mind depends on which of the following components of working memory? a.Delayed response coding b.The phonological loop c.The STM recency effect d.The visuospatial sketch pad

d. the visuospatial sketch pad

According to the model of working memory, which of the following mental tasks should LEAST adversely affect people's driving performance while operating a car along an unfamiliar, winding road? a.Trying to imagine a portrait from a recent museum exhibit b.Trying to remember the definition of a word they just learned c.Trying to imagine how many cabinets are in their kitchen d.Trying to remember a map of the area

b. trying to remember the definition of a word they just learned

According to the predictions of the memory span demonstration, for which of the following types of material should a participant have the shortest memory span? a. digits b. words c. letters d. colors

b. words

Memory-span is a measure of ... a. long-term memory capacity. b. working memory capacity. c. how long one can think about a given memory. d. None of the above

b. working memory capacity