Cognitive Psychology Chapter 6
Murdoch's "remembering a list" experiment described the serial position curve and found that memory is best for ___________ of a list.
both the first and last words
Believing that a particular statement is true simply because you have seen the statement in previous instances is known as the ________ effect
propaganda
Your book discusses the memory functioning of patient H.M. who underwent brain surgery to relieve severe epileptic seizures. H.M.'s case has been extremely informative to psychologists by demonstrating that
short-term memory can operate normally while long-term memory is impaired.
The primacy effect (from the serial position curve experiment) is associated with ___________ memory
long-term
Why is classical conditioning considered a form of implicit memory?
Because it involves learning an association without being aware of the reasons behind it.
___________ memories are to experiences as ___________ memories are to facts.
Episodic; semantic
The serial position demonstration utilizes what type of reporting procedure?
Free-recall
Neuropsychological evidence indicates that short- and long-term memories probably
are caused by different mechanisms that act independently.
Ming is taking a memory test. She is more likely to recall the name of a popular singer if she had
attended the singer's concert with her boyfriend.
"I remember being really excited last year, when my college team won the national championship in basketball." This statement is an example of ___________ memory
episodic
Work with brain-injured patients reveals that ___________ memory does not depend on conscious memory
implicit and procedural
Semantic memory is to ________ as episodic memory is to ________.
knowing; remembering
One of the defining characteristics of implicit memory is that
people are not conscious they are using it.
Lucille is teaching Kendra how to play racquetball. She explains how to hold the racquet, how to stand, and how to make effective shots. These learned skills that Lucille has acquired are an example of ___________ memory.
procedural
The dramatic case of patient H.M. clearly illustrates that ___________ is crucial for the formation of long-term memories
the hippocampus
Lamar has just gotten a new job and is attending a company party where he will meet his colleagues for the first time. His boss escorts him around to small groups to introduce him. At the first group, Lamar meets four people and is told only their first names. The same thing happens with a second group and a third group. At the fourth group, Lamar is told their names and that one of the women in the group is the company accountant. A little while later, Lamar realizes that he only remembers the names of the people in the first group, though he also remembers the profession of the last woman he met (the accountant). Lamar's experience demonstrates
a build-up and release of proactive interference.
From a cognitive psychology perspective, memories from specific experiences in our life are defined as being _____________.
autobiographical
Explicit memory is to ___________ as implicit memory is to ___________.
aware; unaware
When investigating the serial position curve, delaying the memory test for 30 seconds
decreases the recency effect.
K.C., who was injured in a motorcycle accident, remembers facts like the difference between a strike and a spare in bowling, but he is unaware of experiencing things like hearing about the circumstances of his brother's death, which occurred two years before the accident. His memory behavior suggests
intact semantic memory but defective episodic memory.
