Colour (based on sycra videos)

additive vs subtractive mixing

Additive mixing is about light and subtractive is about pigment. on a computer screen all colours are resulting from additive where red blue and green combine. mixing all together produces white light, red and blue is magenta etc etc. Substractive mixing happens when printed pigment absorbs particular wavelengths of light.

What is value?

Amount / darkness of greys

creating balance with cool and warm colours

An important thing to remember when dealing with warm and cool colors is that no room should have just one. If you want your room to be cozy have warm colors as the dominant colors and then add a few elements that incorporate cool colors (and vice versa). Like with all elements of decorating it's important to have some balance and contrast.

What is RGB?

Anyone who works on the web has likely heard of RGB. This color selection method uses a series of numbers from 0-255. RGB stands for Red, Green, and Blue. This may be confusing since primary colors are Red, Yellow, and Blue. It actually comes down to additive and subtractive colors which are chosen deliberately based on the fact that monitors use light to create color. Your computer screen displays colors based in RGB where each pixel represents a certain color. What's interesting is that computer monitors have differing ICC profiles which are like color profiles. Slight differences in how colors are displayed make RGB somewhat hard to pin down. Overall it's still the best way to choose digital colors for websites or mobile applications. There's CSS syntax to define colors with RGB but most developers go with Hexadecimal code. This replaces 0-255 and changes it to 00-FF where the range covers 0-9 and subsequently A-F.

Whats with the percentages?

Basically the close the colours are the colour wheel the more saturated the secondary colour is allowed to be. So green is half way between red and blue. You allowed to use 50% of the desaturated colour range. Interesting.

Give some examples of the ranges?

Blue dips into all values. Red is only dark ones. Yellow is only light ones. Orange is only middle ones. Green covers a lot but not as many as blue. See the chart attached.

cool colours

Cool colors such as blue, green and light purple have the ability to calm and soothe. Where warm colors remind us of heat and sunshine, cool colors remind us of water and sky. Unlike warm colors, cool colors look as though they recede, making them great for small rooms you want to look larger. If you have tiny bedroom or powder room that you want to visually enlarge try painting a color such as light blue to make it look more spacious.

What is the relationship between colour and value?

Each colour has an inherint value

Why does this matter?

For one if you trying to colour grey scale things in photoshop... you need to understand what will happen if you paint Red onto a certain greyscale value. You wont see red! so you need to adjust the values to get a particular colour.

what are HSL and HSV

HSL and HSV are the two most common cylindrical-coordinate representations of points in an RGB color model. The two representations rearrange the geometry of RGB in an attempt to be more intuitive and perceptually relevant than the cartesian (cube) representation. Developed in the 1970s for computer graphics applications, HSL and HSV are used today in color pickers, in image editing software, and less commonly in image analysis and computer vision. HSL stands for hue, saturation, and lightness, and is also often called HLS. HSV stands for hue, saturation, and value, and is also often called HSB (B for brightness). A third model, common in computer vision applications, is HSI, for hue, saturation, and intensity. However, while typically consistent, these definitions are not standardized, and any of these abbreviations might be used for any of these three or several other related cylindrical models. (For technical definitions of these terms, see below.)

What are the different colour selecting methods in photoshop?

Inside the Photoshop color picker you can choose between these different selection methods to change how the picker actually works. Your color window can cycle among the choices of HSB, RGB, or LAB.

What is a high value?

Light greys. E.g if you were to scale all vales on a scale of 10.. with 10 being lightest... yellow sits right up on 9 and 10.

Does each colour has the same range of values?

No actually. They have different ranges. They are often not that large.

What is CMYK?

Print design work uses CMYK color selection based on the 4 main colors of ink: Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Key(Black). CMYK is a subtractive color mix because it's based on a white background, AKA printer paper. Photoshop does have CMYK in the color picker with values ranging from 0%-100%. Since Photoshop is used for both print & digital design it offers both selection styles. However a traditional print program like InDesign primarily relies on CMYK. Digital designers should also learn about CMYK color picking because it can be used in branding projects. Often times you'll need to restyle a logo for print work and CMYK is a necessity. Unfortunately there's not much to learn about CMYK until it comes time to use it in action. The best advice I have is to recognize when a project needs CMYK, RGB, or potentially both.

How do you choose colors? Sycra.

Quite interesting. Once you pick you main colour 100% saturated (eg red)... you can then pick other colours in that hue of different values. Then when you pick the secondary colour directly across on the colour wheel... you have to pick only desaturated (< 25%) colour in that hue (eg blue is directly across from red).

What is a term for describing the amount of grey in a colour...

Saturation

What is Pantone?

The Pantone color system is another method for print work. It may sometimes be called the Pantone Matching System(PMS). It varies from CMYK in that it doesn't require a combination of various colors(like C+M+Y+K). Instead Pantone colors are defined as singular units like pantone 2995c(a light/sky blue). Most people recognize Pantone as the stereotypical color swatch book and it's been around since the 1960s. You can select Pantone colors in Photoshop by opening the color picker and clicking "Color Libraries". These colors can be converted back into RGB/CMYK with ease. Most Pantone colors are more expensive because the ink is created through a careful process of exact color matching. However it's useful when you need to get exact colors for logos or background elements in a print project.

warm colours

Warm colors are made with orange, red, yellow and combinations of them all. As the name indicates, they tend to make you think of sunlight and heat. Warm colors look as though they come closer, or advance (as do dark colors), which is why they're often used to make large rooms look cozier. If you have a huge bedroom that you want to look more intimate try painting a warm color such as terra cotta or brown to make it feel cozier

Why are there different ranges of value per colour / hue?

Well.. actually its kind of arbitrary as its made definitions. So if we go a lighter value of red we hit pink.... as we define that as a different colour.

What does low saturation mean...

a lot of grey. Saturation defines a range from pure color (100%) to gray (0%) at a constant lightness level. A pure color is fully saturated. A desaturated image is said to be dull

whats a nighttime colour...

blue

state again the difference between hue, saturation and value

colour, amount of colour present (vs grey), brightness

For a colour scheme you need to start by pick a what?

main colour

Is saturation the same as value?

no. think of the color wheel for HSL ... it rounds the hue in a circle with saturation on the x-axis and value on the y-axis.

what is a complimentary colour?

one that sits directly opposite a colour on the colour wheel

What is hue?

think of a Hue as one of the twelve colors on the mixing wheel. Burgundy = the root Color or Hue is RED. Navy = the root Color or Hue is BLUE. Rust = the root Color or Hue is ORANGE

so how do you fix your greyscale picture so when you paint it ... it comes our the right colour?

you need to repaint the grey with the darker value (darker grey). Then paint with the colour you wanted originally. Its not about picking a different colour. its about the value.