Combo with "Chapter 7: Ethical & Legal Issues in U.S. Education" and 6 others

The four curricula that all students experience are

-null -extracurricular/cocurricular programs -explicit -hidden null, extracurricular/cocurricular programs, explicit, and hidden

According to James Banks, multicultural education consists of all of the following except ____. A) a series of events B) an idea or concept C) an educational reform movement D) a process

?

Accelerated schools

A national network of schools that provide enriched, rigorous curricula to speed up the learning of students at risk.

Teacher-leader

A teacher who assumes a key leadership role in the improvement and/or day to day operation of the school.

Hybrid Teacher

A teacher who combines part-time classroom teaching with leadership roles in a school or district.

Of the total population, the percentage of students identified as gifted and talented is about _______. A) 3%-5% B) 5%-7% C) 7%-10% D 10%-12%

A) 3%-5%

According to a survey by the American Association of University Women, the percentage of teenagers in school affected by sexual harassment is _______. A) 80% B) 65% C) 40% D) 25%

A) 80%

_____ refers to a shared feeling of common identity, based on "common ancestry, culture, history, and a sense of peoplehood." A) Ethnicity B) Race C) Cultural diversity D) Cultural immersion

A) Ethnicity

The separation of church and state is addressed in the _____. A) First Amendment B) Second Amendment

A) First Amendment

_______ is not a characteristic of an outstanding teacher of the gifted as noted in research. A) Having an IQ of 140 or higher B) Being a facilitator of other people are resources and learners C) Being able to apply knowledge of theory to practice D) Having a strong achievement orientation

A) Having an IQ of 140 or higher

______ is a set of beliefs based on the importance of seeing the world from different cultural frames of reference and on recognizing and valuing the rich array of cultures within our nation and global community. A) Multiculturalism B) Cultural assimilation C) Secularism D) Pluralism

A) Multiculturalism

_____ is the process of attributing behavioral characteristics to all members of a group. A) Stereotyping B) Prejudice C) Racism D) Sexism

A) Stereotyping

The expanded math, science, and technology programs for females is an example of the passage of the _____. A) Women's Educational Equity Act B) Diversity Education Bill C) Civil Rights Amendment D) IDEA

A) Women's Educational Equity Act

According to the text, a standard is ____. A) a level of knowledge or skill that is necessary for a specific task B) a level of knowledge necessary for obtaining a job after high school C) a level of knowledge necessary to move a student to the next grade level D) a level of knowledge necessary for good grades on report cards

A) a level of knowledge or skill that is necessary for a specific task

Sam is working to make his curriculum multicultural. According to Banks, he should focus on _____. A) a range of groups that differ in their characteristics, experience, and values B) racial characteristics C) a single ethnic group with a focus on language, history, values, and current problems D) unifying the class to a common purpose

A) a range of groups that differ in their characteristics, experience, and values

In regard to the assignment of additional duties or responsibilities, it is most accurate to say that ______. A) a teacher may be assigned certain responsibilities not outlined in the contract B) only assignments mentioned in the contract can be assigned C) administrators are free to interpret the contract based on educational demands D) all additional assignments must be compensated

A) a teacher may be assigned certain responsibilities not outlined in the contract

According to the text, all of the following have been proposed as definitions of intelligence except ______. A) ability to use English in academics B) capacity to deal effectively with the environment C) ability to learn D) capacity to act purposefully

A) ability to use English in academics

The term that describes uneven education progress between White and Hispanic, Black, and American Indian/Alaska Native is called the _____. A) achievement gap B) cultural divide C) glass ceiling of education D) individual racism theory

A) achievement gap

An important part of Standards-Based Education (SBE) in the U.S. is ____. A) aligning curricula and textbooks B) aligning textbooks and course titles C) aligning course titles with high school graduation D) aligning textbooks with special education

A) aligning curricula and textbooks

The phrase "forms of assessment that require the active construction of meaning rather than the passive regurgitation of isolated facts" defines one of the following concepts, specifically A) alternative assessments B) formative assessments C) summative assessments D) pre- and post- test assessments

A) alternative assessments

The parents of Britany are seeking $500,000 from the local school district because Britany graduated from high school with a fourth-grade reading level. This type of lawsuit is called ______. A) an educational malpractice suit B) breach of duty C) negligence suit D) breach of tort liability

A) an educational malpractice suit

A "site license" is a commercial software agreement that permits installation on ______. A) any and all computers owned by the institution specified in the license B) one and only one computer C) the computers of those who frequently visit the licensed site D) any computers designated by the owner of the license

A) any and all computers owned by the institution specified in the license

Robinson (2008) suggests that a common characteristic of teachers who are most likely to be effective teachers of gifted students is that they ______. A) are interested in cultural and intellectual matters B) participate in sports activities C) possess average intelligence D) have mastered a narrow, focused body of knowledge

A) are interested in cultural and intellectual matters

Based on Piaget's theory, generally speakin, children in grades 3-5 _______. A) are learning and applying "conversation" principles B) have developed increasing skills in abstract math C) have mastered the art of reasoning logically about hypothetical situations D) can interpret figurative language

A) are learning and applying "conversation" principles

According to the National Center for Education Statistics, the relationship among minority group membership, social class, and academic achievement shows _____. A) as socioeconomic status increases, academic achievement increases B) as socioeconomic status decreases, academic achievement increases C) as socioeconomic status increases, academic achievement decreases D) no relationship

A) as socioeconomic status increases, academic achievement increases

In order to promote a sense of competence in students, teachers can ______. A) assign work that can be successfully performed while still being challenging B)provide continuous reinforcement for effort rather than achievement C) group by ability level D) assign homework that is above age level

A) assign work that can be successfully performed while still being challenging

Programs designed to meet the learning needs of students whose first language is not English by providing instruction in two languages are called _____. A) bilingual education B) multicultural endeavors C) racial diversity D) inclusion

A) bilingual education

Nichie, the fifth-grade teacher at Pine Elementary, goes to court to protest the fact that she was assigned by her principal to sponsor the high school chess club. Nichie's contract made no reference to this assignment. The court is most likely to decide that Nichie _______. A) cannot be required to sponsor the chess club B) should be fined for filing a suit against the administration C) must accept the assignment her principal has given to her D) must be compensated if she is required to sponsor the club

A) cannot be required to sponsor the chess club

The process through which school boards negotiate contracts with teacher organization is known as _____. A) collective bargaining B) academic freedom C) grievance process D) affirmative action

A) collective bargaining

A superintendent unknowingly violates the constitutionally guaranteed right to due process of a student whom she expels for violation the rule against using alcoholic beverages at a school function. The superintendent ____. A) could be held liable for expelling the student B) could be held liable if the student is found not guilty of the violation C) is not liable because she was unaware of the due process rights D) is not liable if the student is found guilty of the violation

A) could be held liable for expelling the student

A(n) _____ is passed on from generation to generation because of the increasing difficulty for children of the poor to receive adequate education and job training. A) culture of poverty B) achievement gap C) genetic predisposition D) climate of change

A) culture of poverty

According to the text, state departments of education, school districts, and schools routinely use standards developed by professional associations as guides for ___. A) developing curricula and assessments of student learning B) determining criteria for high school graduation C) establishing grade promotion criteria D) setting minimal standards for exceptional learners

A) developing curricula and assessments of student learning

IDEA gives parents the right to disagree with an IEP or an evaluation of their child's abilities. This process is called ______. A) due process B) collective bargaining C) grieving process D) mediation

A) due process

An awareness of and ability to manage feelings, talent in terms of interpersonal relations, and natural leadership abilities are examples of _______. A) emotional intelligence B) learning styles C) moral development D) psychosocial intelligence

A) emotional intelligence

Teachers often find it necessary to take action in situations in which all of the facts are not known or for which no single course of action can be called right or wrong. These situations are often referred to as _____. A) ethical dilemmas B) moral destruction C) management and discipline D) risk management

A) ethical dilemmas

A(n) ______ is made up of individuals within a larger culture who share a self-defined racial or cultural identity and a set of beliefs, attitudes, and values. A) ethnic group B) bilingual group C) pluralistic group D) bi-cultural group

A) ethnic group

AAUW's (2008) Where the Girls Are: The Facts About Gender Equity in Education found that over the past 35 years that ____, not ____, is (are) most closely associated with academic success. A) family income; gender B) gender; family income C) two-parent families; gender D) gender; ethnicity

A) family income; gender

Kohlberg's theory of moral development includes all of the following except ______. A) formal operations B) preconventional level C) conventional level D) postconventional level

A) formal operations

Sex role socialization conveys to students all of the following expectations except ____. A) girls are to be assertive B) boys are to be dominant C) girls are to be expressive D) boys are to repress feelings

A) girls are to be assertive

According to the Buckley Amendment, parents do not have a right to examine _____. A) gradebooks that belong to their children's teacher B) educational records of their child C) records of disclosures the school have made of their children's educational records D) standardized test scores

A) gradebooks that belong to their children's teacher

An important part of a teacher's response to an ethical dilemma is _____. A) identifying possible consequences of one's actions B) identifying guilty parties C) reporting to the principal immediately D) calling parents to ask for support

A) identifying possible consequences of one's actions

While mainstreaming refers to the application to the least restrictive environment clause of PL 94-142, _____ goes beyond mainstreaming to integrate all students with disabilities into general education classes and school life with the active support of special educators and other specialists and service providers. A) inclusion B) exceptionality C) parent partnerships D) assistive technology

A) inclusion

Some authorities suggest that academic freedom is a less powerful legal defense than it was in the past. When basing a defense on academic freedom, one of the following must be true if the defendant expects to prevail, namely _______. A) it must be demonstrated conclusively that the teacher did not defy legitimate state and local curriculum directives B) it must be shown that the teacher has established a long history of violating curriculum guidelines, not merely in the present case C) the teacher must focus the curriculum on matters of little consequence to the community D) the teacher must demonstrate that existing policy violates his or her personal belief system

A) it must be demonstrated conclusively that the teacher did not defy legitimate state and local curriculum directives

The period where an individual has a quest for personal meaning that supersedes the regard of peers, moving one toward the establishment of a feeling of efficacy and a more integrated sense of identity is _______. A) late adolescence B) early adolescence C) middle childhood D) mature adulthood

A) late adolescence

Addressing computer software, the Copyright Act was amended in 1980 to state that teachers ______. A) may make one backup copy of a software program B) may make multiple copies of software, which can only be used in their specific classroom C) may not reproduce any software programs D) are free to make multiple copies once the software is purchased

A) may make one backup copy of a software program

Any group numbering less than half of the total population is called a(n) ____. A) minority B) ethnic group C) race D) culture

A) minority

"Individual racism" is the prejudice belief that _____. A) one's ethnic or racial group is superior to others B) one's ethnic or racial group is inferior to others C) customs reflect and produce racial inequalities D) racism rarely grows from racist intentions

A) one's ethnic or racial group is superior to others

Standards documents are routinely prepared by all of the following except _____. A) parent-teacher associations B) professional associations C) local education agencies D) state education agencies

A) parent-teacher associations

"Telling the story of a learner's growth in proficiency, long-term achievement, and significant accomplishments in a given academic area" exemplifies the benefits of A) portfolio assessment B) performance-based assessment C) formative assessment D) pre-test evaluation

A) portfolio assessment

Assessment has been defined as a A) process of observing a sample of student performance B) process of measuring a sample of student attitude C) process of requiring a student to recite D) process of learning about student capabilities

A) process of observing a sample of student performance

Which of the following does not provide a definition of a standard? A) promotion of methodological alignment B) a level of knowledge C) a level of skill D) criteria

A) promotion of methodological alignment

According to the text authors, "standards" in education have come to be seen primarily as statements that ___. A) reflect what students should know and be able to do B) describe minimal achievements C) clearly define the highest levels of academic achievement D) limit the academic growth of students

A) reflect what students should know and be able to do

Behavioral indicators of child abuse and neglect among students include all of the following except _____. A) refusal to cooperate B) aggressiveness C) withdrawal D) fear of going home after school

A) refusal to cooperate

Bridget is transported to school on a special bus that has a ramp for her electric wheelchair. In addition, as part of her school day, Bridget receives occupational therapy for 30 minutes. These are examples of ______. A) related services B) direct services C) Section 504 services D) Title IX services

A) related services

An analytic rubric can be said to A) require the teacher to score separate product parts B) require the teacher to score whole group products C) require the teacher to score content organization D) require the teacher to score generic frameworks

A) require the teacher to score the separate product parts

Behavioral indicators of child abuse, teachers are _____. A) required by law to report any suspected child abuse B) required by law to report any child abuse where direct evidence is available C) required to confront parents of any suspected child abuse D) not required to report but are encouraged to do so

A) required by law to report any suspected child abuse

Teachers who work with exceptional learners do not ____. A) serve as case managers for students with disabilities B) evaluate academic abilities and disabilities C) write individual education programs (IEPs) D) participate in due process hearings and negotiations

A) serve as case managers for students with disabilities

Arguments for raising educational standards, include all of the following except ____. A) standards and assessments, however sophisticated, should not be used as a signaling device to students, parents, teachers, and others B) standards can improve achievement by defining what is to be taught C) standards are necessary to equality of opportunity D) national standards provide a valuable coordinating function

A) standards and assessments, however sophisticated, should not be used as a signaling device to students, parents, teachers, and others

The concept known as "score inflation" results in _____. A) students' scores on high-stakes tests rising faster than their scores on other standardized tests given at the same time and measuring the same subjects B) students' scores on standardized tests rising faster than their scores on high-stakes tests given at the same time and measuring the same subjects C) students' scores on high-stakes tests rising faster than their scores on other standardized tests given at different times D) students' scores on high-stakes tests rising faster than their scores on other standardized tests given at the same time but on different subjects

A) students' scores on high-stakes tests rising faster than their scores on other standardized tests given at the same time and measuring the same subjects

Vertical curriculum alignment occurs when _____. A) subjects are connected across grade levels so that students experience increasingly complex instructional programs as they move through the grades B) instructional methodologies are connected across grade levels so that students experience increasingly vague instruction as they move through the grades. C) teachers coordinate instruction across disciplines and examine curriculum to ensure that course content and instruction are compatible D) school administrators coordinate instruction across disciplines and examine curriculum to ensure that course content and instruction are compatible

A) subjects are connect across grade levels so that students experience increasingly complex instructional programs as they move through grades

Teachers are afforded the greatest protection under the concept of academic freedom if _______. A) the controversial content is related to legitimate educational objectives B) they are knowledgeable about the controversial content C) the controversial content does not violate community standards D) students want to learn the controversial content

A) the controversial content is related to legitimate educational objectives

Kim is an Indochinese-American student in a California high school. She is doing well academically but her parents worry about the cultural conflicts that she is experiencing. All of the following may be cultural conflicts for Kim except ____. A) the focus on academic performance in society B) dating practices C) glorification of the individual D) school placement by age rather than academic preparation

A) the focus on academic performance in society

"Measurement" is A) the gathering of quantitative data related to the knowledge and skills students have acquired B) the making of judgments about or assigning value student scores on a variety of standardized tests C) measuring students' attainment of qualitative goals related to classroom objectives D) the determination of students' grades at the end of an academic term

A) the gathering of quantitative data related to the knowledge and skills students have acquired

A child _____ is not eligible for special education services. A) who is diagnosed with ADD/ADHD B) wish a speech impairment C) diagnosed with a learning disability D) with AIDS

A) who is diagnosed with ADD/ADHD

Concerning political interest groups, professional teachers recognize that______.

A. They have much to gain from becoming politically involved.

One characteristic of successful schools is ____.

A. a close working relationship with parents

State- appropriate funds to cover the costs of educating students with special needs are known as ____.

A. categorial aid

The governor has the power to do all of the following except ______. A. determine the cap on teacher salaries B. appoint or remove educators at the state level C. appoint the chief state school officer D. use veto power to influence laws related to education

A. determine the cap on teacher salaries

At the local level, most funding for schools comes from _____.

A. property taxes

The executive, legislative, and judicial branches of the federal government influence education in all of the following ways except _____. A. providing funding to schools when they fail to adopt federally endorsed programs, methods, or curriculum B. exerting moral influence on the development of a vision and the promotion of educational goals for the nation C. providing categorical aid to assist school systems D. funding educational research related to federal goals for education

A. providing funding to schools when they fail to adopt federally endorsed programs, methods, or curriculum

Funding for schools has often been offset by all of the following except ______. A. rising student dropout rate B. inflation C. rising enrollments D. the need to update facilities

A. rising student dropout rate

Shared governance, administrative decentralization, teacher empowerment, professionalism, bottom-up policy-making, school based planning and school-based management are all examples of ____.

A. school restructuring

All of the following are advisory functions preformed by state boards of education except _____. A. selecting state department of education personnel B. advising the governor on educational issues C. identifying both short- and long-range educational needs D. hearing all disputes arising from educational plicy

A. selecting state department of education personnel

Over the past decade, corporate contributes to education have ____.

A. significantly increased

Should a dispute arise within a state regarding a law related to education, the body charged with the power to decide on the reasonableness of the law is the ______.

A. state court

Within a state, the body usually charged with the day-today- implementation of educational policies is the ______.

A. state department of education

The majority of funding for schools is provided by the _____.

A. states

An approach whereby parents are given money by the state to enroll their children in the school of their choice is called a(n) _____.

A. voucher system

Allocating funds according to legitimate educational needs such as low-income students or students with limited English proficiency is called ____.

B vertical equity

The federal poverty level is approximately _____ a year for a family of four. A) $12,000 B) $22,000 C) $35,000 D) $50,000

B) $22,000

It is estimated that the number of multiracial Americans is increasing at ____ times the rate of the white population. A) 3 B) 10 C) 40 D) 80

B) 10

Short- term school suspension is usually defined as _____. A) three days or less B) 10 days or less C) 15 days or less D) 20 days or less

B) 10 days or less

Approximately ______ percent of the population aged 3 to 21 is classified as exceptional; they require special education because they are markedly different from most children with identification of such conditions as mental retardation, learning disabilities, emotional or behavioral disorders, physical disabilities, autism, and special gifts or talents. A) 1% B) 10% C) 30% D) 45%

B) 10%

Which of the following is not true? A) A teacher can be held liable for injuries as a result of his or her negligence. B) A teacher's liability extend to any and all injuries that students might suffer. C) Improper disclosure of defamatory information about a student involves tort liability. D) Teachers are held to a higher standard than ordinary citizens.

B) A teacher's liability extend to any and all injuries that students might suffer.

Which of the following statements is true? A) People can be classified into as many as 1,000 races. B) Every person belongs to at least one ethnic group. C) There is not a "mixed race" category in the census. D) There is no distinction between ethnicity and race.

B) Every person belongs to at least one ethnic group.

_________ is not an indicator of sexual abuse. A) Difficulty in walking or sitting B) Frequent upper respiratory infections C) Frequent urinary or yeast infections D) Frequent unexplained sore throats.

B) Frequent upper respiratory infections

____ is not a dimension of multicultural education. A) Content integration B) Immersion programs C) Prejudice reduction D) Equity pedagogy

B) Immersion programs

______ Students have limited ability to understand, read, or speak English, and they have a first language other than English. A) Bilingual B) Limited English proficient C) Monolingual D) Fluent proficient

B) Limited English proficient

Students' developmental levels vary according to how well their biological and psychological needs have been satisfied. This is the basic premise of a theory developed by ________. A) Erikson B) Maslow C) Gilligan D) Piaget

B) Maslow

____ conveys to students certain expectations about the way boys and girls are "supposed" to act. A) Sex role stereotyping B) Sex role socialization C) Gender confusion D) Gender equity

B) Sex role socialization

All of the following are arguments in a favor bilingual programs except ___. A) Students are better able to learn English if they are taught to read and write in their native language. B) The cost of bilingual education is low, therefore the time spent is beneficial. C) Bilingual programs support students' cultural identity. D) Students are able to learn content in their native language rather than delay that learning until they master English.

B) The cost of bilingual education is low, therefore the time spent is beneficial.

A review of hundred of research findings in educations indicated that ____ consistently yielded the highest results for intellectually precocious children: A) independent study B) accelerated programs C) home schooling D) alternative or magnet schools

B) accelerated programs

The Supreme Court in Davis v. Monroe Country Board of Education ruled that school districts can be sued under Title IX in cases involving student-on-student sexual harassment if the district ________. A) has evidence of criminal behavior B) acts with deliberate indifference C) prohibits sexual harassment among students D) has permission of the child's parent(s)

B) acts with deliberate indifference

Native- American children raised in traditional settings generally do all of the following except _____. A) prefer to learn by careful observation B) approach new tasks by asking questions C) approach tasks visually D) prefer to learn experientially in their natural setting

B) approach new tasks by asking questions

When a court considers a case involving tort liability, all of the following must be present except ______. A) a failure to exercise an appropriate standard of care B) appropriate written documentation of the events that resulted in litigation C) an actual loss or damage as a result of the injury D) a casual connection between the conduct and resultant injury

B) appropriate written documentation of the events that resulted in litigation

"Benchmarks" are content standards that present specific statements about what students should understand and be able to do ______. A) before graduating from high school B) at specific grade levels or developmental stages C) before experiencing significant moral growth as defined by Kohlberg D) at the end of the current academic year

B) at specific grade levels or developmental stages

Title IX has had the greatest impact in _____. A) the classroom B) athletics C) job opportunities for women D) college enrollments

B) athletics

Jose is encouraged to be able to function effective in two or more linguistic and cultural groups. The term used to describe this is _____. A) immersion B) biculturalism C) inclusion D) diversity

B) biculturalism

Marco teaches in a secondary school where subjects are taught in both Spanish and English. This curriculum is called _____. A) multicultural education B) bilingual education C) ethnic education D) diversity education

B) bilingual education

Using two languages as the medium of instruction is an example of _______. A) language diversity B) bilingual education C) dual instruction D) immersion

B) bilingual education

Ms. Lochwood, a high school principal, suspects that a student has a gun in his locker. According to law, Ms. Lochwood _____. A) cannot search the student's locker without a search warrant B) can search the student's locker without a search warrant C) can search the student's locker only with the student's permission D) can search the student's locker with permission from the student's paretns

B) can search the student's locker without a search warrant

Gilligan refers to principal moral voice of women as the ethics of _____. A) justice B) care C) principled observations D) hierarchical concerns

B) care

One approach to learning values and moral reasoning is known as a(n) ________program, which "promotes the teaching of core values through course curricula." A) conflict resolution B) character education C) law-and-order orientation D) initiation

B) character education

For a teacher's certificate to be revoked, the reason must _____. A) be approved and voted on by the school board B) clearly hinder the teacher's ability to perform satisfactorily C) be witnessed and documented on three separate occasions D) clearly be a violation of hte original teaching contract

B) clearly hinder the teacher's ability to perform satisfactorily

Piaget is known for his theory of _______. A) psychosocial development B) cognitive development C) moral development D) motor development

B) cognitive development

One approach to meeting the needs of all students is known as ______, an approach in which a classroom teacher meets with one or more other professionals (a special educator, school psychologist, or resource teacher, for example) to focus on the needs of one or more students. A) interdisciplinary teacher-based student support B) collaboration consultation C) psychological intervention D) student focus groups

B) collaborative consultation

Research indicates that teaching strategies that emphasize ____ often result in higher achievement among African-American and Mexican-American students. A) competition B) cooperation C) visual learning skills D) academic readiness

B) cooperation

All of the following characteristics delineate a "good ethical decision EXCEPT ______. A) decision has been legitimately achieved B) decision comes directly from the administration C) decision can be implemented morally D) decision is supported by evidence

B) decision comes directly from the administration

All of the following are true regarding the definitions of disabilities except _______. A) definitions for disabilites are generalized B) descriptors for disabilities are definite and fixed C) perceptions of normalcy are influenced by cultural norms D) definitions for disabilities are open to change

B) descriptors for disabilities are definite and fixed

Concerning national educational standards, the authors of the textbook argue that the US needs to ___. A) remain faithful to the concept of "states' rights" B) develop common, rigorous standards to promote unity C) move beyond an "obsession" with our immigrant past and present D) avoid "teaching" that promotes understanding of the AMerican democratic heritage

B) develop common, rigorous standards to promote unity

Minorities are ___ among students who have not mastered minimum competencies in the "basics." A) evenly represented B) disproportionately represented C) underrepresented D) nonexistent

B) disproportionately represented

When material is published without restrictions on the Internet, teachers may assume that the author _____. A) waives all copyright privileges and does not require credit B) does not expect to be paid for using the work C) releases the teacher from using formal citations of the work D) expects the material to be handles like copyright material

B) does not expect to be paid for using the work

Standards-based education is seen as a way to ensure all of the following except ____. A) educational equity across all states B) educational equity in the most populous states C) educational equity for the poorest schools D) educational equity can be measured for accountability

B) educational equity in the most populous states

Innovations in assessment are partly a response to criticisms of the fairness and objectivity of standardized tests that have focused on all of the following except A) class and gender bias B) failure to measure students' general level of intelligence C) failure to accurately measure students' skills D) failure to measure students' levels of achievement

B) failure to measure students' general level of intelligence

The key to providing appropriate education experiences for exceptional learners is _______. A) accurately diagnosing their disabilities B) finding and capitalizing on their abilities C) grouping them according to their developmental stages D) grouping them according to their readiness for specific learning activities

B) finding and capitalizing on their abilities

In order to ensure strict achievement accountability among their schools, states have imposed all of the following except A) closing low-performing schools B) fining the teachers whose students perform poorly C) arranging for state takeover of low-performing schools D) ranking schools on how well students learn

B) fining the teachers whose students perform poorly

According to the text, a common source of stress for children and young adults today is that they are ______. A) afraid of nuclear war B) forced to handle situations beyond their abilities C) distracted from academics D) encouraged to remain in childhood too long

B) forced to handle situations beyond their abilities

Subtle favoritism or discrimination on the basis of gender is called ____ A) racism B) gender bias C) male bashing D) oppression

B) gender bias

Students' learning styles are determined by ______. A) their IQ B) hereditary and environmental influences C) standardized IQ tests D) personality

B) hereditary and environmental influences

Which of the following is not something promoted by use of "project-based learning"? A) student engagement with learning B) improved memorization skills C) better school attendance D) improved cooperative learning skills

B) improved memorization skills

All of the following are innovative approaches to meeting the educational needs of gifted students except ______. A) individual education programs B) increased homework C) independent study D) magnet schools

B) increased homework

Self-expression, task orientation, self-determination, and self-esteem are characteristics of ____ cultures. A) collectivistic B) individualistic C) multicultural D) working class

B) individualistic

There is considerable evidence to suggest that corporal punishment is _____. A) an effective means for controlling student behavior B) ineffective in changing behavior of students C) effective for students with behavior disorders D) effective for some students, but not for others

B) ineffective in changing behavior of students

Ethnic and racial minorities and traditionally ____ power in the public life of the United States. A) exercised B) lacked C) misused D) inherited

B) lacked

A student must be mainstreamed into a general education classroom whenever such integration is feasible and appropriate. This is called ______. A) due process B) least restrictive environment C) diversity D) special education initiative

B) least restrictive environment

The authors of your text report that public's opinion about establishing educational standards has been ___. A) remarkably positive B) mixed C) cautious and nonsupportive D) negative

B) mixed

According to Oakes and Lipton, gender should be a dimension of ____. A) values clarification B) multicultural education C) ethnicity D) systemic oppression

B) multicultural education

Ms. Bird has developed "cultural immersion" experiences within several cultures to develop an increased understanding and appreciation for others. This is an example of ____. A) service learning B) multiculturalism C) bilingual education D) cultural identity

B) multiculturalism

Among the rights guaranteed by the First Amendment is freedom _______. A) from age discrimination B) of speech C) from gender discrimination D) from racial discrimination

B) of speech

Legal rights that concern teachers include all of the following EXCEPT ______. A) contracts B) philosophical beliefs C) academic freedom D) dismissal

B) philosophical beliefs

In 1999, Howard Gardner suggested an additional intelligence in which human beings may exhibit an existential intelligence that manifests itself in the ability to _____. A) predict the future B) pose questions about life, death, and ultimate reality C) answer questions about reality and knowledge D) understand the meaning of intelligence

B) pose questions about life, death, and ultimate reality

Generally,curriculum frameworks are _____. A) prepared by the U.S. Department of Education B) published by a state education agency C) superior to classroom-based curriculum development D) responsible for ending state authority over curriculum development

B) published by a state education agency

A 1996 verdict by a U.S. district court awarding almost $1 million to a gay student was the first time a federal jury found ____. A) evidence of homosexual harassment B) school officials responsible for anti-gay harassment committed by students C) students responsible for anti-gay harassment committed by school officials D) evidence of aggravated assault on a gay student

B) school officials responsible for anti-gay harassment committed by students

Since the early 1980s, Ritalin has become the most commonly prescribed drug for ADD/ADHD, and more than 1 million American children are currently estimated to take it to ______. A) increase their impulse control and attention span B) sedate them so they don't act hyperactive C) decrease their large body muscle movement D) stimulate their cognitive abilities

B) sedate them so they don't act hyperactive

The Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka decision in 1954 declared that ____. A) equal, but separate schools were being provided B) segregated schools were inherently unequal C) segregated schools did not violate the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment D) segregated schools were inherently equal

B) segregated schools were inherently unequal

Proponents of adopting national standards cite ___ as a reason supporting their position. A) the US population's linguistic sameness B) social mobility in the US C) the already existing commonality of curriculum in the states D) the absence of racial and cultural diversity in US societ

B) social mobility in the US

In rulings on HIV/AIDS- related cases, the courts have stated that _____. A) teachers must be notified when a student is HIV infected or has AIDS B) students with AIDS pose no significant risk of spreading the disease C) students with AIDS should be given homebound services D) students with AIDS should attend school but in a separate classroom in special education

B) students with AIDS pose no significant risk of spreading the disease

When teachers in restructured schools emphasized authentic assessment, their assessments focused on all of the following except A)student's ability to think B) students' skill at reproducing given knowledge C) development of in-depth understanding D) ability to apply academic

B) students' skill at reproducing given knowledge

All of the following represent good advice for student teachers except _______. A) read the teacher's handbook B) the best time to learn emergency procedures is when an emergency occurs C) know what controls the district has placed on the curriculum D) document problems with students

B) the best time to learn emergency procedures is when an emergency occurs.

When teachers view a home page on the Internet they are viewing a published copy of an original document and should remember that ______. A) they are free to copy and use material in their classrooms at will B) the fair use doctrine applies C) Internet material cannot be copyrighted D) there are no legal copyright restrictions on material copied from electronic sources

B) the fair use doctrine applies

Classroom assessment provides information that teachers use in all of the following ways except A) to determine how well students are learning the material being taught B) to regularize feedback to students to save time for teachers C) to develop strategies for improving teacher effectiveness D) to determine if students have reached certain levels of performance

B) to regularize feedback to students to save time for teachers

One of Mr. Brouse's seventh-grade students broke his arm while on a field trip to the zoo. The boy's parents claimed that Mr Brouse was negligent and took the matter to court. In regard to a case such as this, the court would _____. A) take the position that an effective teacher should be able to foresee any student injury B) try to determine whether Mr. Brouse exercised reasonable care C) automatically hold Mr. Brouse responsible as the supervising person D) never hold a teacher responsible for actions of students

B) try to determine whether Mr. Brouse exercised reasonable care

Depending on the statues in a particular state, a student teacher may act as a substitute teacher under all of the following conditions except _______. A) when a substitute teacher is not immediately available B) when the student teacher is paid at professional rates C) when the principal is readily available in the building D) when the student teacher has been in that assignment for a minimum number of school days

B) when the student teacher is paid at professional rates

To create classrooms that are truly multicultural, teachers must select instructional materials that are all of the following except ____. A) sensitive B) written in several different languages C) accurately portrayals of the contributions of the ethnic groups D) reflections of diverse points of view

B) written in several different languages

An influential and extensive federal education program signed into law by President Roosevelt in 1944 is the ____.

B. G.I. Bill of Rights

According the the 2007 Phi Delta Kappa/Gallup Poll, public attitudes toward school choice programs that would allow parents to choose a private school to attend at public expense revealed ____.

B. a significant majority in opposition

DUring President CLintons term of office (1992-2000), the federal government ______.

B. assumed a more active role in ensuring equal educational opportunity

All of the following statements concerning the financing of education in the 50 states are generally correct except _____. A. the states have similar regulations for funding schools B. education money is unequally distributed across districts C. only a small fraction of education dollars support regular classroom instruction D. significant amounts of money are spent in schools but outside classrooms

B. education money is unequally distributed across districts

Supplemental programs to help meet the needs of special school populations are called ___.

B. entitlements

Most school-based management (SBM) programs have all of the following components except _____. A. power and decisions are delegated to teachers, parents, community members, and students B. final decisions of major issues rest with the local school board. C. a decision- making body implements the SBM plan D. SBM programs operate with the endorsement of the superintendent

B. final decisions of major issues rest with the local school board

All of the following are true of the New York City school system except ______. A. it serves more than a million pupils B. only the Los Angeles Unified School system is larger C. more than 66,000 teachers work in the system D. it has total annual expenditures of more than $12 billion

B. only the Los Angeles Unified School system is larger

All of the followin are responsibilities of the state department of education except ______. A. certifying teachers B. passing legislation related to education C. accrediting schools D. distributing state and federal money to school districts

B. passing legislation related to education

The federal government initiative known as the Lanham Act provided funding for all of the following except ______. A. the training of workers in war plants B. postsecondary schooling for workers C. the construction of schools near military installations D. childcare for working parents

B. postsecondary schooling for workers

The body that determines how taxes will be used to support schools, what will or will not be taught, and the length of the school day and year is the _____.

B. state legislature

The responsibility for maintaining schools is primarily a function of the ______.

B. states

All of the following are responsibilities of the chief state school officer except ______. A. selecting state department of education personnel B. supervising superintendents throughout the state C. ensuring compliance with state school laws and policies D. reporting on the status of education to the governor

B. supervising superintendents throughout the state

In one of the nations most dramatic education reform efforts, the Kentucky Education Reform Act (KERA) required each of the state's schools to form a school-based management council to set policy in each of the following areas except _____. A. curriculum B. teachers' salaries C. discipline D. extracurricular activities

B. teachers' salaries

Concerning equal educational opportunities in the US, Jonathan Kozol and others have pointed at what he calls the ____. A) "equalizing influence of American education on students across all socioeconomic levels" B) "Incredible incompetence and absence of concern for their children's education among America's poor and minority parents" C) "savage inequalities within American education" D) "woeful absence of humanity among poor children"

C) "savage inequalities within American education"

By 2050, the Latino population in the United States is expected to approximately _____ percent, or more than 100 million. A) 10 B) 15 C) 25 D) 50

C) 25

According to the text, most Native Americans consider a person with ____ tribal heritage to be a Native American. A) 100% B) 50% C) 25% D) 10%

C) 25%

The U.S. Department of Education found that gifted and talented school children have mastered _____ percent of the grade-level curriculum in five basic subject areas before starting the school year. A) 5-10 B) 20-30 C) 35-50 D) 60-75

C) 35-50

Kohlberg suggests that over _____ percent of late adolescents and adults are capable of full formal reasoning but only _____ percent of these adults display principled moral reasoning. A) 10; 5 B) 25; 5 C) 50; 10 D) 95; 50

C) 50; 10

Content Standards are often subdivided into _____. A) World Class Standards B) State Standards C) Benchmarks D) Professional Standards

C) Benchmarks

The three largest Asian groups are ___, ___, and ___. A) Vietnamese; Indian; Korean B) Chinese; Filipinos; Japanese C) Hawaiian; Japanese; Samoan D) Pakistani; Indian; Laotian

C) Chinese; Filipinos; Japanese

______ is the way of life common to a group of people consisting of their values, attitudes, and beliefs. A)Ethnicity B) Race C) Culture D) Pluralism

C) Culture

_____ is not a purpose of bilingual education. A) Helping students maintain their ethnic identity B) Encouraging assimilation into mainstream culture C) Eliminating the use of the home language D) Integrating the home language and culture with a new one

C) Eliminating the use of the home language

Black Academics have sprung up across the country in recent years, many supported by the growing number of African Americans who practice _____. A) constitutional principles B) Marxism C) Islam D) Christianity

C) Islam

A 1999 report on "resegregation" reported that _____ attend the most severely segregated schools. A) Asian Americans B) African Americans C) Latinos D) Native Americans

C) Latinos

Mr. Green is a tenure faculty member and is well respected by students. After a recent divorce, he moved in with Ms. Flowers, the secretary to the superintendent. At the end of the year, Mr. Green was notified that hew as being dismissed because of immoral conduct; that is, living with a woman he was not married to. In order for this action to be supported by the court, it would have to be demonstrated that ________. A) Mr. Green indulged in "immoral conduct" B) Mr. Green's lifestyle is against community values C) Mr. Green's lifestyle had a negative effect on his teaching D) Mr. Green is not legally married to Ms. Flowers

C) Mr. Green's lifestyle had a negative effect on his teaching

____ is committed to the goal of providing all students, regardless of socioeconomic status, gender, sexual orientation, or ethnic, racial, or cultural backgrounds, with equal opportunities to learn in school. A) Bilingual education B) Diversity training C) Multicultural education D) Inclusive education

C) Multicultural education

____ is a subjective concept that is used to distinguish among human beings on the basis of biological traits. A) Genetic B) Ethnicity C) Race D) Physiology

C) Race

Which of the following is not a guideline for selecting books for a multicultural classroom? A) Fictional works should have strong ethnic characters. B) Ethnic materials should not contain racist concepts or words. C) Selections should be politically correct. D) Factual materials should be historically accurate.

C) Selections should be politically correct.

Which of the following statements best describes application of the principle of "academic freedom"? A) It is a solemn privilege that is never violated, giving teachers essentially unbridled freedom in classrooms. B) This principle is no longer applicable to public school teaching C) The U.S. District Court (Murray v. Pittsburgh Board of Education, 1996) ruled that a teacher could not claim academic freedom in using a teaching methodology rejected by the school board. D) The supreme Court (Morrison v. State Board of Education, 1969) ruled that teachers have little or no academic freedom in matters related to reading assignments for junior- and senior- level students, even when those readings are consistent with the approved curriculum.

C) The U.S. District Court (Murray v. Pittsburgh Board of Public Education, 1996) ruled that a teacher could not claim academic freedom in using a teaching methodology rejected by the school board.

The guarantee of equal educational opportunity for women was a result of ____. A) the First Amendment B) IDEA C) Title IX D) the Secondary Education Act

C) Title IX

For reach stage of Erik Erikson's model of psychosocial development, the central characteristic in the individual's emotional and social growth is ______. A) mature love B) preoperational though C) psychosocial crisis D) moral reasoning

C) a psychosocial crisis

High-stakes testing may impact all of the following except A) senior qualifying for graduation B) student participation in extracurricular activities C) an administrator being fined D) teachers receiving merit pay

C) an administrator being fined

For initial certification, nearly all states require ____. A) successful completion of a performance test B) proof of good health, including teeth C) applicants to pass a test of basic skills, professional knowledge, and academic subject areas D) student teaching at all grade levels to be covered by credential

C) applicants to pass a test of basic skills, professional knowledge, and academic subject areas

Performance-based assessment focuses on students' ability to A) recall previously learned material B) judge the value of material based on specific criteria C) apply knowledge, skills, and work habits D) create new products

C) apply knowledge,skills, and work habits

In terms of intellectual capacity,students ______. A) begin with the same potential, but external influences affect development B) develop based on their surroundings and support C) are very diverse D) are generally similar in nature

C) are very diverse

One of the following statements most accurately reflects the meaning of "standards-based education" (SBE), specifically _____. A) using corporate business practices to manage K-12 schools B) placing more control of school curricula in the hands of classroom teachers C) basing curricula, teaching, and student assessment on rigorous standards D) returning schools to the more demanding student behavioral expectations of the past

C) basing curricula, teaching, and student assessment on rigorous standards

When establishing home pages on the Internet, teachers should be careful not to include information that would identify ______. A) the school district B) the particular school C) children in the class D) the teachers' names

C) children in the class

Possible elements that might shape a person's ______ include customs, age, racial identity, exceptionalities, language, gender, sexual orientation, income level, beliefs, values, and customs. A) bilingual culture B) ethnicity C) cultural identity D) race

C) cultural identity

Behaving ethically as a teacher is determined to be all of the following EXCEPT _____. A) acting in best interests of children B) promoting learning in children C) enforcing rules at all costs D) helping children reach full potentional

C) enforcing rules at all costs

Children who require special education services to realize their full potential are referred to as _______. A) handicapped students B) gifted and talented students C) exceptional learners D) mainstreamed students

C) exceptional learners

When teachers measure students' attainment of knowledge and skills for the purpose of making decisions about their teaching, they are engaged in A) measurement B) alternative assessment C) formative evaluation D) summative evaluation

C) formative evaluation

In 1975, Congress passed the Education for All Handicapped Children Act. This act guaranteed a(n) ______. A) education for children with disabilities at a private or public school B) education for children with mild disabilities C) free and appropriate education for all children with disabilities between the ages of 3 and 18 D) education for children with disabilities not exceeding $10,000

C) free and appropriate education for all children with disabilities between the ages of 3-18

Tonya is a fifth grader attending her neighborhood elementary school. She is quadriplegic due to a spinal cord injury as a result of a car accident. Tonya receives all her special education services in the regular classroom include occupational therapy and learning disabilities assistance. Tonya's educational experience is an example of _____. A) mainstreaming B) reverse mainstreaming C) full inclusion D) due process

C) full inclusion

All of the following may be early indicators of students with learning disabilities except ______. A) hyperactive behavior, exhibited through excessive movement B) impulsiveness C) highly developed social skills D) poor motor coordination

C) highly developed social skills

Ms. Delayne has recently been hired to teach in a Afrocentric school. What would the focus of her school be? A) different ethnic groups within the curriculum B) skills for survival in the urban area C) history and culture for African-American students D) multicultural awareness

C) history and culture for African-American students

When teachers within a specific grade level coordinate instruction accross disciplines and examine their school's curriculum to ensure that course content and instruction mesh across and/or within subject areas, they are said to be concerned with _____. A) internal validity B) curriculum frameworks C) horizontal alignment D) curriculum resource development

C) horizontal alignment

The psychologial issue of adolescence according to Erikson's theory is ______. A) trust versus basis mistrust B) autonomy versus shame C) identity versus role confusion D) intimacy versus isolation

C) identity versus role confusion

Most of the court cases involving tort liability of teachers focus on all of the following except ______. A) inadequate supervision B) inadequate instruction C) inadequate preservice preparation D) lack of or improper medical treatment of students

C) inadequate preservice preparation

All of the following are physical indicators of physical abuse except _____. A) unexplained bruises or welts B) human bite marks C) lags in physical development D) rope burns to the arms, legs, or neck

C) lags in physical development

Under the provisions of the Family Education Rights and Privacy Act, the penalty for giving out personally identifiable information without prior written consent is _______. A) loss of accreditation B) dismissal of the administrator who was involved C) loss of federal funds D) loss of state funds

C) loss of federal funds

Tobias is a junior in high school and a member of the National Honor Society. He has spastic cerebral palsy, uses a wheelchair, and participates in regular education curriculum with his peers. Tobias is an example of ____. A) discrimination B) reverse discrimination C) mainstreaming D) due process

C) mainstreaming

Doreen, a high school English teacher, filed suit to protest the fact that she was assigned by her principal to sponsor the high school newspaper and her contract made no reference to that assignment. The court is most likely to decide that Doreen _____. A) cannot be required to sponsor the newspaper B) should be fined for filing a suit against the administration C) must accept the assignment her principal has given her D) must be compensated if she is required to sponsor the newspaper

C) must accept the assignment her principal has given her

Prior to 1988, school officials could censor student literature before publication only if it was ______. A) judged to be vulgar or obscene B) libelous C) necessary to maintain order in the school D) sponsored by the school district

C) necessary to maintain order in the school

Ms. Williams wants to create a gender-fair classroom whereby the girls in her third-grade class have the same educational opportunities and experiences as the boys. According to the general guidelines, Ms. Williams should do all of the following except _____. A) teach about sexism directly to her students B) promote the girls' achievement in math and science C) provide special tutoring for the girls D) equalize teacher-student interactions

C) provide special tutoring for the girls

One of the following is not a "guiding principle" associated with development of classroom assessments, and is identified as A) clear and appropriate targets B) assessments accomplished by effective communication C) quantitative not qualitative analysis D) recognition that accurate measurement is a must

C) quantitative not qualitative analysis

According to the authors of your text, when children move from one major city in the US to another, they should find in the new locations a curriculum that is A) unique to their new home B) based on local concepts of truth and justice C) recognizable from their previous school experience D) unique to their old home

C) recognizable from their previous school experience

In Maslow's model of a hierarchy of needs, the highest level of need is _____. A) physiological B) safety C) self-actualization D) aesthetic

C) self-actualization

Schools are legally bound to avoid discrimination against students on the basis of all of the following except _____. A) infection with a noncommunicable disease B) religion C) sexual preference D) disability

C) sexual preference

Instruction that is designed to meet the needs of exceptional children is known as ______. A) developmental education B) remedial education C) special education D) age-appropriate education

C) special education

As children develop physically, their bodies undergo numerous changes. As they develop cognitively, their mental capabilities expand so that they can use language and other symbol systems to solve problems. These are examples of _____. A) individual learning styles B) quality indicators C) stages of development D) the aging process

C) stages of development

When working and living with exceptional individuals who have disabilities, the goal should be to ______. A) provide as much assistance as reasonably possible B) ignore the disability in providing education services C) strive to separate the disability from the handicap D) be aware of the possibility of "learned helplessness"

C) strive to separate the disability from the handicap

Which of the following is not a legal responsibility of a teacher? A) meeting the terms of his or her teaching contract B) safety and well-being of students C) student behavior to and from school D) academic counseling of students

C) student behavior to and from school

Schools may enforce dress codes for students if the ____. A) codes are approved by the school board B) codes are approved by the student council C) students are notified D) codes are consistent for males and females

C) students are notified

All of the following are procedures that most states adhere to in dismissing a teacher EXCEPT _______. A) the teacher must be notified of the list of charges B) adequate time must be provided for the teacher to prepare a rebuttal to the charges C) students must be used as witnesses to demonstrate the effect of the behavior on teaching ability D) a transcript or record must be maintained of the hearing

C) students must be used as witnesses to demonstrate the effect of the behavior on teaching ability

Students' language patterns became a topic of national debate in late 1996 when _____. A) Spanish was officially adopted as the second language in the U.S. B) French was declared the primary language of Quebec, Canada C) the Oakland, California , school district recognized "ebonics" as a primary language of some children D) the Montgomery, Alabama, school district refused school services to non-English-speaking youngsters

C) the Oakland, California, school district recognized "ebonics" as a primary language of some children

The late Ernest Boyer, president of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, believed that ____. A) the federal government was too involved in the development of curriculum B) standards and goals in education promote mediocrity C) the United States needs educational standards to motivate its people to excel D) the United States should not compare its educational achievements to those in other countries

C) the United States needs educational standards to motivate its people to excel

Mr. Onofrio is a ninth-grade English teacher and a member of a team that is developing an individual education program (IEP) for one of his students, Karen, who has visual impairments. All of the following are mandated to be part of the IEP team except _______. A) a special education teacher B) Karen's mother C) the county social worker D) Mr. Onofrio's principal

C) the county social worker

For a contract between a teacher and a school district to be valid, it must have all of the following elements EXCEPT _____. A) the school board has made an offer and the employee has accepted the contract terms B) the school board is not exceeding its authority and the teacher meets the criteria for employment C) the school board establishes clearly its criteria of employment, emphasizing those elements different from state requirements D) the contract terms are neither illegal nor against public policy

C) the school board establishes clearly its criteria of employment, emphasizing those elements different from state requirements

According to the text, the most significant and dramatic criticism of group IQ tests is that ______. A) they are timed B) emotional factors of the student are not considered C) they are culturally biased D) the test is based on a one-time, one-sitting score

C) they are culturally biased

The branch of law concerned with compensating an individual who suffers losses resulting from another's negligence is known as ______. A) civil law B) negligence C) tort liability law D) liability

C) tort liability law

According to James Banks, teachers who create a curriculum that is truly multicultural ____. A) add content about ethnic and cultural groups to their lessons B) teach in the language that is native to the ethnic group C) understand that multicultural education is a way of viewing reality and a way of thinking D) are usually from a minority ethnic group

C) understand that multicultural education is a way of viewing reality and a way of thinking

According to the tenure laws, a teacher may be dismissed for ______. A) living unmarried with a member of the opposite sex B) being gay or lesbian C) using obscene, racist language in the presence of students D) threatening to organize a strike by faculty members

C) using obscene, racist language in the presence of students

Ms. Tamarack was fired from her teaching position because of her political position on such issues as abortion, right to die, and gays and lesbians in the military. This case illustrates _____. A) the strength of Public Law 94- 142 B) gender discrimination C) violation of due process D) the legal power of the administration

C) violation of due process

To protect themselves from legal challenge brought on by searches, teachers and other school authorities should do all of the following except ______. A) inform students and parents about search procedures at the start of the school year B) base all searches on "reasonable suspicion" C) waive the requirement of a search warrant when police are in the school D) avoid strip searches

C) waive the requirement of a search warrant when police are in the school

Which of the following is not an example of authentic assessment? A) writing a brochure promoting a local school B) making a map C) writing the formula for the area of a rectangle on a test D) producing a video about the community

C) writing the formula for the area of a rectangle on a test

By 2008, the total expenditure for public elementary and secondary schools in the United States was approximately ______.

C. $596 billion

A federal prgram designed o provide preschool experiences to poor children is ____.

C. Head Start

According to the text, which of the following statements best describes the school-based management experiences of the City of Chicago Public Schools?

C. The overall effectiveness of this effort has been mixed.

Advantages of for-profit schools that proponents advocate include each of the following except ____. A. efficiency B. reduction of costs C. better public relations D. improved student achievement

C. better public relations

Since the 1939-1940, the number of school districts in the United States has _______.

C. decreased steadily

In a recent synthesis of research on school restructuring, all of the following structural conditions were found to enhance a schools "professional community" and increase students learning except ____. A.shared governance that increases teachers' influence over school policy and practice B. large schools in which communications and trust are less important to students' lives C. deregulation that provides autonomy for schools to pursue a vision of high intellectual standards D. parent involvement in a broad range of school affairs

C. deregulation that provides autonomy for schools to pursue a vision of high intellectual standards

All of the following would be a function of the school board except ____. A. approving personnel hired by the superintendent B. developing organizational policies C. evaluating probationary teachers D. determining procedures for program evaluations

C. evaluating probationary teachers

A national survey of the characteristics of school board members revealed all of the following except____. A. most members were male B. most members identified as being politically moderate C. most members were poorer than the general population D. minority membership was less than 14% of all members

C. most members were poorer than the general public

At the state level, most funding for schools comes from _____.

C. sales taxes and income taxes

The highest educational agency in a state is the _____.

C. state board of education

Within a state, the body usually charged with managing state monies appropriated for education is the _____.

C. state board of education

Ensuring that schools operate in accordance with federal and state guidelines is the responsibility of the_____.

C. superintendent

As a result of the Kentucky Education Reform Act (KERA), _____.

C. teachers' salaries and student/teacher ratios improved compared to national averages

According to Walberg and Greenbeerg (1997), "students learn more when their classes are...."

Challenging

According to Bennett (2006), native nations hosting Native Americans have been recognized as independent, self-governing territories since the _____.. A) 1850s B) 1890s C) 1920s D) 1930s

D) 1930s

A report states that over _____ languages are spoken by LEP students with approximately percent claiming ____ as their first language. A) 25; Japanese B) 50; Chinese C) 100; Ebonics D) 400; Spanish

D) 400; Spanish

The dropout rate among all migrant workers is 90 percent, and ____ percent leave school before finishing the ninth grade. A) 10 B) 20 C) 35 D) 50

D) 50

A study of lesbian and gay youth reported that ____ percent of participants believed that their teachers had negative attitudes about homosexuality. A) 10 B) 25 C) 50 D) 80

D) 80

Which of the following is not a student perspective on standards as reported by the authors of your text? A) Curriculum should be personally relevant B) Curriculum should be interesting and meaningful C) Curriculum should help meet the demands of moving into adulthood D) Curriculum should be tied to extracurricular activities

D) Curriculum should be tied to extracurricular activities

________ may be a physical indicator of emotional maltreatment. A) Venereal disease B) Unexplained fractures and/or bruises C) Unattended medical needs D) Failure to thrive, or lags in physical development

D) Failure to thrive, or lags in physical development

Most assessment approaches seek to answer the question, "Do students know content?" Performance-based assessment helps to answer which other important question? A) Do students commit information to memory efficiently? B) Can students reproduce what they know on tests? C) Are students capable of creative though? D) How well can students use what they know?

D) How well can students use what they know?

Which of the following statements is not true of horizontal curriculum alignment? A) It involves teachers examining curriculum across disciplines B) It is centered within a special grade level. C) It seeks to ensure that course content and instruction match across or within subject areas. D) It ensures that subjects are connected across grade levels

D) It ensures that subjects are connected across grade levels.

In regard to the rights of student teachers, it is most accurate to say that they _______. A) have the same rights as fully certified teachers B) have the status of a visitor to the school C) have no legal status, therefore no formal rights D) may have legal rights depending on the state

D) May have legal rights depending on the state

A civil wrong that "arises out of a breach of duty that is imposed by law" is known as ______. A) legality B) competence C) mutual consent D) a tort

D) a tort

Courts have suggested that schools may have dress codes if they are _____. A) clear B) reasonable C) communicated to students in advance D) all of the above

D) all of the above

Frank has two Native-American students in his classroom. According to the text, which of the following classroom strategies may be difficult for Native- American children because of the differences in culture? A) high value placed on verbal performance B) acquisition and demonstration of knowledge occur simultaneously C) little opportunity to observe skilled performers D) all of the above

D) all of the above

The movement to assess student learning with ever-increasing numbers of tests has been brought on by A) declining test scores B) international comparisons of student achievement C) calls to hold teachers more accountable D) all of the above

D) all of the above

Under the provisions of educational laws, teachers are more likely to face professional challenge when _____. A) taking your students by school bus on a field trip B) enforcing the dress code on a student who is not in your class C) having a student incur an injury in your classroom D) all of the above

D) all of the above

According to Piaget, the principal goal of education is to create learners who ________. A) master factual knowledge as quickly as possible B) follow the rules of society and turn out to be exemplary citizens C) complete one developmental stage before progressing to the next D) are capable of learning new concepts

D) are capable of learning new concepts

An alternate assessment is a(n) A) traditional large-scale assessment B) individualized diagnostic assessment C) assessment device common to all learners D) assessment of a unique array of goals and experiences

D) assessment of a unique array of goals and experiences

A speech synthesizer, a talking word processor, and television closed- captioning are all examples of ______. A) the Internet B) augmentative communication C) inclusive technology D) assistive technology

D) assistive technology

One of the following is true about a professional code of ethics for teachers, specifically _____. A) teachers must sign a national code of ethics before they begin teaching B) each school district develops its own code of ethics C) states mandate a teacher's code of ethics that is passed by their legislature D) at present, the teaching profession does not have a uniform code of ethics

D) at present, the teaching profession does not have a uniform code of ethics

Encouraging students to develop their own responses to problem situations by allowing them to decide what information is relevant and how that information should be organized and used is an example of A) formative assessment B) curricular control C) summative evaluation D) authentic assessment

D) authentic assessment

According to tort liability law, an individual who is negligent and at fault in the exercise of his or her legal duty may ______. A) be charged by state statutes B) be charged by federal statutes C) go to prison D) be required to pay monetary damages

D) be required to pay monetary damages

The MetLife Survey of the American Teacher found that a significant majority of teachers _____. A) believe that academic standards in schools are too low B) view absenteeism as a major problem C) think that student behavior is out of control D) believe that academic standards are high

D) believe that academic standards high

Teachers may use multiple copies of copyrighted material if that use meets the test of _______. A) brevity, due process, and nondiscrimination B) academic freedom, fair use, and nondiscrimination C) ethical use, due process, and academic freedom D) brevity, spontaneity, and cumulative effect

D) brevity, spontaneity, and cumulative effect

The facts of life during your tenure as a teacher will include all of the following except _____. A) high-stakes testing for students B) standards set for student achievement C) teachers being held accountable for student learning D) communities losing interest in educational issues

D) communities losing interest in educational issues

Efforts to make curriculum and textbooks parallel national and state standards and "curriculum frameworks" are known as ___. A) curricular parallelism B) vertical adjustment C) curriculum balancing D) curriculum alignment

D) curriculum alignment

One of the following is not a "work habits" disposition as defined by the Coalition of Essential Schools, identified as A) reflecting critically on one's own work B) willingness to work hard C) ability to manage time effectively D) developing dependence on others

D) developing dependence on others

The predictable changes that all human beings undergo as they progress through the life spam is referred to as ____. A) the aging process B) maturity C) individual learning styles D) development

D) development

Test score gains attribute to the standards movement ____. A) reflect "real" gains in knowledge the tests were designed to measure B) reflect "real" gains in skills the tests were designed to measure C) do not reflect gains in knowledge, but do indicate moderate gains in skills the tests were designed to measure D) do not reflect "real" gains in the knowledge and skills the tests were designed to measure

D) do not reflect "real" gains in the knowledge and skills the tests were designed to measure

To dismiss a teacher, a district must follow a step-by-step process known as _____. A) mutual assent B) specificity C) consideration D) due process

D) due process

Students who have trouble remembering verbal instructions or recognizing words in print are most likely affect by ______. A) dyscalculia B)attention deficit disorder C) autism D) dyslexia

D) dyslexia

According to Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligence, individuals have ______. A) no innate intelligence B) two types of intelligence C) four types of intelligence D) eight types of intelligence

D) eighty types of intelligence

Parents can help children with learning disabilities achieve success in school most through all of the following strategies except by _____. A) providing the school with valuable information about their children B) securing necessary services for their children C) reviewing skills at home and praising their children for learning D) expecting their children to function effectively without any interventions

D) expecting their children to function effectively without any interventions

In 1976, Congress revised the Copyright Act by adding the doctrine of _______. A)liability B) equal opportunity C) negligence D) fair use

D) fair use

All of the following except ______ are among general characteristics of gifted and talented students. A) verbal precocity B) flexible thinking patterns C) intuitive cognitive leaps in problem solving D) highly-regimented cognitive habits

D) highly-regimented cognitive habits

Some guidelines for selecting multicultural instructional and technological materials were set forth to offset materials that might be considered all of the following except ____. A) insensitive to any or all groups B) inaccurate in part or whole C) written from mainstream points of view D) humorous in nature

D) humorous in nature

The integration of all students with disabilities into general education classes and school life with the active support of special educators and other specialists is called ______. A) integration B) mainstreaming C) reverse mainstreaming D) inclusion

D) inclusion

During Erikson's school-age stage, children should be playing seriously, mastering new skills, producing products, being works, and developing a sense of ______. A) responsibility B) social being C) maturity D) industry

D) industry

A landmark study of 1,528 gifted females and males found that children with outstanding IQs were _______. A) brainy but physically uncoordinated B) smart buy socially awkward C) more likely to by mentally unstable D) larger, stronger, and more coordinated than other children

D) larger, stronger, and more coordinated than other children

The theory Lawerence Kohlberg developed involves _____. A) psychosocial crisis B) psychosocial development C) cognitive development D) moral development

D) moral development

According to the authors of your text, the use of educational sanctions for poor performance by schools may A) significantly improve education in the US B) not improve schools, but will do nothing to harm students C) lead to much more student-friendly classrooms D) present some risk of harm to students

D) present some risk of harm to students

In tort law, harm inflicted on the injured party may be the result of all of the following except _____. A) intentional wrongdoing B) recklessness C) simple carelessness D) prudent behavior by a reasonable person

D) prudent behavior by a reasonable person

Professional associations have developed specific, grade-level "performance expectations" that establish all of the following except _____. A) levels of achievement B) quality of performance C) levels of proficiency D) quality of character

D) quality of character

According to the authors of your text, a society like the United States, "rich in eithnicities, religions, nationalities, and language groups," needs standards that are _____. A) rigorous and unique to each societal group B) easy to accomplish in order to promote a sens of "I can do it" in all students C) as diverse as the population D) rigorous and common to all

D) rigorous and common to all

According to research, ____ contributes most strongly to students' achievement in school. A) racial background B) language background C) cultural background D) socioeconomic status

D) socioeconomic status

The multicultural curriculum should enabled students to do all of the following except _____. A) derive valid generalizations about the characteristics of the ethnic group B) learn how the different ethnic groups are alike C) learn how the different ethnic groups are different D) speak fluently in at least one second language

D) speak fluently in at least one second language

Sarah receives services from an itinerant teacher in the regular classroom for assistance in reading in Braille. She is receiving _____ services A) social B) related C) regular education D) special education

D) special education

The two disabilites with the largest percentage of students are ____ and ____. A) mental retardation; traumatic brain injury B) emotional disturbance; autism C) hearing impairments; visual impairments D) speech or language impairments; specific learning disabilities

D) speech or language impairments; specific learning disabilities

A policy that provides teachers with job security is known as _____. A) legality B) mutual assent C) competency D) tenure

D) tenure

All of the following are arguments opposed to bilingual programs except ____. A) students who spend more time exposed to English learn English more quickly B) bilingual education is a threat to English as the nation's first language C) bilingual programs emphasize differences among groups D) the research is clear that bilingual programs are not effective

D) the research is clear that bilingual programs are not effective

All of the following criteria are generally adhered to in expulsion cases except ____. A) right to counsel must be provided B) witness are compelled to testify C) burden of proof on the part of the accused D) the right to a hearing by a jury

D) the right to a hearing by a jury

A strategy for creating a gender-fair classroom is ____. A) encourage more competition between boys and girls B) encourage boys' achievement in mathematics and science and girls' achievement in reading and writing C) for teachers to express their disapproval of alternative lifestyles D) the same as B, but reverse boys' and girls' achievement

D) the same as B, but reverse boys' and girls' achievement

Which of the following statements is true about the organizational structure of schools?

D. The larger the district, the more office administrators and support personnel are needed.

Critics of school boards point out that school boards are best described as agencies that ______.

D. are reluctant to communicate a vision of educational excellence

In most states, the head of the state board of education is the ______.

D. chief state school officer

The role of the regional educational service agencies is to provide assistance directly to districts and includes all of the following except ______. A. staff development B. program evaluation C. curriculum development D. contract negotiations

D. contract negotiations

The arena of educational politics refers to how people use all of the following except______. A. power B. influence C. authority D. emotion

D. emotion

Which of the following is considered to be one of the most controversial educational issues of the twenty-first century in the United States?

D. for-profit schools

Programs in which states set the same per-pupil expenditure level for all schools and districts are called _____.

D. full-funding programs

According to the text, all of the following are accurate descriptions of regional educational service agencies except ______. A. these agencies are the least understood branch of the state public school system B. these agencies provide local school districrs with economical and logistical support services the districts could not provide for themselves C. the primary role of these agencies is to provide assistance directly to districts in such ares as staff development and curriculum reform D. nearly all states have some form of intermediate or regional educational service agency

D. nearly all states have some form of intermediate or regional education service agency

An approach to school improvement in which teachers, principals, students, parents, and community members manage individual schools and share in the decision-making process is known as _____.

D. school-based management

An intermediate or regional unit may provide all of the following services except ______. A.education for students with disabilities B. education for students who are gifted C. computer education D. site-based administrative services

D. site-based administrative services

According to the text, all of the following are groups that have a keen concern for shaping educational policies except ______. A. businesses and corporations B. educational theorists and researchers C. minorities and women D. textbook publishers

D. textbook publishers

All of the following statements are true about the relationship between school boards and superintendents except ______. A.the relationship between the board and the superintendent is related to the size of the district. B. school boards in small districts are more effective when they oppose the superintendent C. school boards in large districts are more likely to be in conflict with their superintendent D. the relationship between the board and the superintendent is dependent upon the existing leadership style

D. the relationship between the board and the superintendent is dependent upon the existing leadership style

All of the following are powers of the states to maintain and support schools except _____. A. levying taxes for school support B. determining minimum standards for teacher certification C. identifying approved textbooks D. the right to fire teachers within local bargaining units

D. the right to fire teachers within local bargaining units

According to the text, the leadership approach is teaching that is optimal is the

Democratic approach

According to Schmuck and Schmuck, encouraging student participation and communication and discouraging the formation of cliques is usually apparent in

Stage 2

According to Schmuck and Schmuck, when a group's norms allow for a variety of individual learning styles to be expressed and accepted, the stage of group development is considered

Stage 4

Quantitative evaluation

The appraisal of teacher performance by recording classroom events in terms of their number of frequency.

Qualitative evaluation

The appraisal of teacher performance through the use of written, open-ended descriptions of classroom events in terms of their qualities.

Tyler's rational for curriculum development leads to which of the following questions?

What educational purposes should the school seek to attain?

Microteaching

a brief, single-concept lesson taught by a teacher education student to a small group of students; usually designed to give the education student an opportunity to practice a specific teaching skill

Professional Portfolio

a collection of various kinds of evidence documenting the achievement and performance of individuals in an area of professional practice

Reflective Teaching Log

a journal of classroom observations in which the teacher education student systematically analyzes specific episodes of teaching

Practicum

a short field-based experience during which teacher education students spend time observing and assisting in classrooms

The time teachers dedicate for instruction in various areas of the curriculum is called

allocated time

Teaching Simulations

an activity in which teacher education students participate in role-plays designed to create situations comparable to those actually encountered by teachers

Mentoring

an intensive form of teaching in which a wise and experienced teacher (the mentor) inducts a student (the protégé) into a professional way of life

The approach to discipline that calls on teachers to establish firm, clear guidelines for student behavior and to follow through with consequences for misbehavior is

assertive discipline

Students who are assigned to classes on the basis of ability or achievement are grouped according to

between-class ability grouping

In 1990, PL 94-142 was replaced by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). IDEA included the major provisions of PL 94-142 and extended the availability of a free, appropriate education to ____. A) other health impaired B) children and youth from ages 3-21 C) adults over the age of 21 D) family members of students with special needs

children and youth from ages 3-31

The way teachers structure their learning environment to prevent, or minimize, behavior problems is called

classroom management

The way teachers and students are grouped for instruction and time is scheduled in the classroom is known as

classroom organization

Communication based on Evertson and colleagues' basic elements of "constructive assertiveness" includes all of the following except

communication that is vindictive

Teachers who focus on students' thinking about the material being learned and, through carefully orchestrated cues, prompts, and questions, help students arrive at a deeper understanding of the material using

constructivist teaching

A model of teaching that can strengthen students' interpersonal skills is

cooperative learning

In Ms. Fairfield's third-grade classroom, sixth graders come in daily to work with the students in reading. This is an example of

cross-age tutoring

In "Information processing" the concept control process refers to

determining how and when information will flow through the system

A systematic instructional method that focuses on the transmission of knowledge and skills from the teacher to the students is called

direct instruction

The primary argument in support of between-class ability grouping is that it

enables teachers to meet the needs of students more effectively

The curriculum that refers to what a school intends to teach students is called

explicit curriculum

Observations

field experiences wherein a teacher education student observes a specific aspect of classroom life such as the students, the teacher, the interactions between the two, the structure of the lesson, or the setting

Concerning "choice theory", William Glasser believes that to persuade students to do quality work, teachers must do all of the following except

focus on large group instruction in core subjects

A type of instruction used when students are presented with a situation to which they "react and discover basic conflicts among their attitudes, ideas, and modes of perception" is called

group investigation

In mastery learning, students take diagnostic tests and then are

guided to do corrective exercises or activities

Which of the following is not part of Lee Cantor's approach to discipline?

having the student make a plan for a more acceptable way of behaving

Students who participate in extracurricular/cocurricular activities tend to have

higher self-concepts

When asked how to be a good second grader, Emma responded, "You have to be quiet, stay in your chair, and raise your hand if you want to talk." This is an example of learning through the

implicit curriculum

Providing students with opportunities to inquire into subjects so that they "discover" knowledge for themselves is called

inquiring learning

Substitute Teaching

instruction provided by temporary teachers who replace regular teachers absent due to illness, family responsibilities, personal reasons, or attendance at professional workshops and conferences

The curriculum that draws from several different subject areas and focuses on a theme or concept rather than on a single subject is called the

integrated curriculum

Research on cooperative learning suggests that

it has a positive effect on the academic achievement of students of color

Educational research indicated that students are less likely to participate in extracurricular/cocurricular programs in

larger schools

According to the text, curriculum planning should focus on the

macro and micro levels

In curricular planning, policy-level curricular decisions that affect large groups of students are considered

macro-level decisions

problems for beginning teachers

maintaining classroom discipline, motivating students, responding to individual differences, assessing students' work, maintaining positive relationships with parents, organizing classroom activities, securing adequate teaching materials and supplies, and dealing with problems of individual students

The assumption that virtually all students can learn material if given enough time and taught appropriately is based on the method of

mastery learning

field experiences

opportunities for teachers in training to experience firsthand the world of the teacher by observing, tutoring, and instructing small groups

The concept that is based on the premise that teachers must use time to provide all students with challenging content and use appropriate instructional strategies to help students to learn that content is known as

opportunity to learn (OTL)

Which of the following is not based on Glasser's approach to classroom management

planning a sequence of steps for punishment

The key to successful classroom management is

preventing problems before they occur

induction programs

programs that provide teachers with support during their first year(s) in teaching; lead to improved teacher practices, increased student achievement, and increased teacher retention

In the United States, the public believes that school curricula should emphasize

reading, writing, and arithmetic

The ways that classroom teachers influence the school curriculum can be listed as all of the following except

religious beliefs

The curriculum that places primary emphasis on the logical order of the discipline students are to study is called the

subject-centered curriculum

The manner in which teachers and students participate in common activities determines

the culture of the classrooms

According to the text, the most useful definition of curriculum is

the experiences, both planned and unplanned, that affect the education and growth of the child

The section of a classroom where students are likely to receive more attention is the

the middle front row seats and seats on the middle isle; action zone

Jacob Kounin points out that how a teacher handles an instance of misbehavior communicates the teacher's conduct expectations to the rest of the class. This is an example of

the ripple effect

Professionalization of teaching

the steadily increasing political influence and status of teaching as a profession; National board certification, state-sponsored teacher networks, shared decision making, peer review, teacher-mentor programs, and the growing influence of teacher researchers

Academic learning time can best be described as

the time students spend working on academic task with 80% or more success

According to the authors of your text, successful teachers communicate in all of the following ways except

their communication is restricted to verbal information

Several researchers have shown that learning is directly related to

time on task

The amount of time students are actively engaged in learning activities is known as

time on task

Most research on between-class ability grouping suggests that it contributes

to greater achievement for few or no learners

Which of the following is not a basic step of "mental modeling"?

writing the sequence of steps in reasoning on the board

The point at which students need assistance in order to continue learning is called

zone of proximal development