COMM 101 MID-TERM
audience centered
Acknowledging your audience by considering and listening to the unique, diverse, and common perspectives of its members before, during, and after your speech.
Noise
Anything that interferes with understanding the message being communicated.
Trait Anxiety
Apprehension about communicating with others in any situation.
civility
Care and concern for others, the thoughtful use of words and language, and the flexibility to see the many sides of an issue.
group communication
Communication among members of a team or a collective about topics such as goals, strategies, and conflict.
mass communication
Communication generated by media organizations that is designed to reach large audiences.
public communication
Communication in which one person gives a speech to other people, most often in a public setting.
interpersonal communication
Communication with other people that ranges from the highly personal to the highly impersonal.
intrapersonal communication
Communication with ourselves via the dialogue that goes on in our heads.
Audience
Complex and varied group of people the speaker addresses.
Context
Environment or situation in which a speech occurs.
Public Dialogue
Ethical and civil exchange of ideas and opinions among communities about topics that affect the public.
. A person's master status is unchangeable once it has been set. a. True b. False
False
Identifying the focus of your planned speech will help you to define the general purpose for it.
False
If you find yourself spending too much time searching for materials, ask a librarian for assistance; they will do the research for you. a. True b. False
False
Speakers often use outliers in a speech because they are powerful tools to illustrate complex concepts. a. True b. False
False
Message
Information conveyed by the speaker to the audience.
communication apprehension
Level of fear or anxiety associated with either real or anticipated communication with another person or people.
Channel
Means by which the message is conveyed.
Speaker
Person who stimulates public dialogue by delivering an oral message.
ethical public speaker
Speaker who considers the moral impact of his or her ideas and arguments on others when involved in the public dialogue.
Encoding
Translating ideas and feelings into words, sounds, and gestures.
Decoding
Translating words, sounds, and gestures into ideas and feelings in an attempt to understand the message
. The size of the audience and the physical arrangement of a speaking situation can have a powerful effect on a speaking environment. a. True b. False
True
A person who doesn't organize information for a speech is neglecting their responsibility to the audience. a. True b. False
True
One suggested strategy for dealing with audience members who are uninterested in your speech is to make the introduction and first main point compelling and innovative. a. True b. False
True
Using appropriate labels to refer to various cultural groups is a way of demonstrating respect. a. True b. False
True
Feedback
Verbal and nonverbal signals an audience gives a speaker.
A listener who wants to suspend judgment when listening to a speech should do which of the following? a. Listen openly, then evaluate the arguments b. Passively accept the speaker's arguments c. Be attentive, but use a defensive physical stance d. Hold their rebuttals until the speech is over
a
Emily is scheduled to deliver her standard talk about succeeding in college to a group of foreign exchange students. How should Emily alter her delivery to enhance the students' understanding of her speech? a. Decrease the rate b. Limit the pauses c. Maintain the pitch d. Increase the volume
a
For his speech about the impacts of space travel on the human body, Taye wants to include some peer testimony. Which of the following will suit Taye's needs? a. a paraphrase from an astronaut who traveled to the moon b. a quote from a blog written by an esteemed science reporter c. a description of his own experiences at the NASA museum d. a report excerpt from a respected aeronautics researcher
a
Lamont's professor encouraged students to use concrete language in their speeches. To satisfy this guideline, which of the following should Lamont avoid using in his speech? a. "intimidation" b. "precinct" c. "election" d. "Mayor Carter"
a
Lucas is going to present his corporate budget review to the Board of Directors at the annual meeting. Which method of delivery is Lucas likely to use? a. Manuscript b. Memorized c. Extemporaneous d. Impromptu
a
The African American practice of signifying can best be described as ________ language. a. connotative b. concrete c. discriminatory d. denotative
a
The phrase "evil reared its ugly head" is an example of ________. a. personification b. alliteration c. metaphor d. simile
a
The phrase "to commemorate" refers to which aspect of the speech development process? a. General purpose b. Thesis statement c. Specific purpose d. Topic statement
a
The process of giving thoughtful attention to another person's words is known as ________. a. listening b. inferring c. hearing d. confirming
a
The statement "The jury included three Asian-American women and five men" is an example of which of the following? a. Spotlighting b. Cultural sensitivity c. Political correctness d. Inclusive language
a
What is the recommended time to deliver one printed page of a manuscript speech? a. 2 minutes b. 45 seconds c. 2 minutes, 45 seconds d. 1 minute, 30 seconds
a
When speaking on a topic that is considered controversial and subject to debate, including ________ in the speech can help to portray the various sides of the debate to the audience. a. testimonies b. definitions c. examples d. narratives
a
Which of the following best describes the application of main points, subpoints, and sub-subpoints in a preparation outline? a. broad to detail b. cause to effect c. specific to general d. beginning to end
a
Which of the following examples will be most useful to support a speaker's claim about a decline in childhood physical activity? a. In a large housing development, no children are outside on summer mornings. b. Local pediatricians are seeing higher numbers of children who are overweight. c. The local sporting goods store stopped carrying children's outdoor play sets. d. More children know video game character names than pro football player names.
a
Which of the following statements in a speech will an audience think is most credible? a. The American Journal of Pediatrics reported last June that the incidence of juvenile diabetes has increased 36 percent over the past ten years. b. Research indicates that the rate of obesity among US adults has reached levels that could be considered a public health crisis. c. Many teachers believe that removing outdoor recess from the curriculum has led to higher rates of overweight in elementary schools nationwide. d. According to evidence, eating a diet of whole grains and unsaturated fat has limited capacity to lower high cholesterol levels that cause heart disease.
a
Which of the following would most impact the credibility of a speaker? a. Mispronounced words b. Frequent inflection c. Shifting rates d. Periodic pauses
a
Zach is preparing a speech on the risks and benefits of large solar power arrays. Which of the following websites should Zach avoid using as research due to possible bias? a. SunPowerLife.com b. CornellUniversity.edu c. EnergyAlternatives.org d. ArizonaPower.gov
a
Class assignments in which students select a topic, organize the information, prepare note cards, and deliver a presentation to an audience are known as ________ speeches. a. impromptu b. extemporaneous c. memorized d. manuscript
b
How much of the meaning in human conversation can be derived from nonverbal signals? a. 37 percent b. 68 percent c. 24 percent d. 52 percent
b
In which audience will the members have nearly identical perspectives and characteristics? a. expectant mothers at a speech on pre-natal care b. none of the options listed c. city dwellers who attend a library speaking event d. police officers at the chief's retirement ceremony
b
Jackson is preparing to give a speech explaining how the layout of the town has changed significantly from the time of the first settlers to the present day. What combination of organizational patterns would be most effective for Jackson's speech? a. causal and topical b. spatial and causal c. topical and chronological d. chronological and spatial
b
Juanita wants to inform her student audience about the concept of service leadership from its theoretical origins to popular contemporary usage. Which of the following would be the best organizational pattern for her to use? a. spatial pattern b. chronological pattern c. causal pattern d. problem-and-solution pattern
b
Speakers can review the latest research to select technology tools that will help optimize their delivery of a speech. a. True b. False
b
Surlene is developing a survey to understand the audience for her upcoming speech on climate change. Which of the following survey questions will best enable participants to provide in-depth information to Surlene? a. Are rising sea levels of major, little, or no concern to you? b. What do you think is the greatest cause of climate change? c. Do you believe that fossil fuels contributes to global warming? d. Do you agree, disagree, or have neutral feelings on solar power?
b
The saying "less is more" is most relevant to which of the following listener-interference problems? a. Visual aids b. Verbal clutter c. Slang d. Spotlighting
b
Tuyen wants to speak about the difficulties faced by refugees arriving in the community and ask members of his church to donate to the local refugee assistance program. What type of organizational pattern should Tuyen use to achieve his goal? a. topical pattern b. problem-solution pattern c. spatial pattern d. causal pattern
b
Voluntary audiences are always easier to speak to than audiences who attend a speech involuntarily. a. True b. False
b
What is the first question you should ask yourself when developing a speech? a. "When...?" b. "Why...?" c. "How...?" d. "What...?"
b
When speaking to a group of senior citizens about the benefits of the Internet and information technology, Nathan mentioned concepts such as click-through rates, cycle times, and P2P sharing. His audience quickly grew bored, and many left the room. What caused poor listening during Nathan's speech? a. Clutter b. Jargon c. Technology d. Euphemisms
b
Which of the following cannot be used as a common Boolean operator to help refine a library database search? a. NOT b. IF c. AND d. OR
b
Which of the following guidelines should be followed when developing main points for a speech? a. Discuss the more important points in depth. b. Develop each point roughly the same amount. c. Integrate points to keep coverage efficient. d. Increase coverage on minimal main points.
b
Which of the following is a likely risk for someone who uses a manuscript delivery for a speech? a. Loss of credibility b. Lack of connection c. Increased anxiety d. Faulty citations
b
Which of the following speech topics does NOT fit Tracy's interest in cooking? a. Traditional recipes for bread b. The best new vegan restaurants c. Tips for preserving summer fruits d. How to make a perfect crepe
b
Which of the following technologies has the greatest potential to distract an audience from the speaker's presentation? a. display easels b. handouts c. PowerPoint slides d. LCD projectors
b
____________ is the placement of words and phrases in contrast or opposition to one another. a. Rhythm b. Antithesis c. Mnemonics d. Alliteration
b
A phrase that indicates a speaker is finished with one point and moving on to a new one is a(n) ________. a. signpost b. internal summary c. transition d. internal preview
c
A speaker who presents select portions of a single speech as their own is committing an act of ________. a. isolated plagiarism b. global plagiarism c. incremental plagiarism d. patchwork plagiarism
c
Aaron has gathered a lot of complex information for his speech, and is afraid that it might be difficult for his audience to understand. What can Aaron use to synthesize his research and enhance audience understanding of his argument? a. examples b. quotations c. statistics d. narratives
c
After his speech is finished, Caleb hopes that his audience has at least a little understanding about the exciting new sport of kite boarding. Which of the following is the best general purpose to describe Caleb's speech? a. To inform b. To invite c. To introduce d. To persuade
c
As a public information officer for the city planner's office, Marcus often gives presentations on large construction projects to residents of affected neighborhoods. Marcus takes time to clearly explain complex issues and uses visual aids to ensure that residents understand how a project may impact them. Which of the following terms best describes Marcus's approach to giving speeches? a. Uncluttered b. Inclusive c. Considerate d. Listenable
c
By looking at the hierarchical structure of points in her preparation outline, Maria can check whether her speech is ________. a. credible b. accurate c. balanced d. listenable
c
Examples are a type of supporting material that __________. a. give opinions or observations of others b. provide an exact meaning of words or phrases c. use specific instances to illustrate concepts d. recount hypothetical events
c
In her speech to expectant mothers on the importance of prenatal care, Joan wants her last point to be that taking folic acid during pregnancy can protect their babies from serious birth defects - and costs only a few pennies a day. What organizational strategy is Joan using to impact her audience? a. principle of primacy b. first in, last out method c. principle of recency d. last in, first out method
c
In his speech about the challenges of constantly relocating as a child of military parents, Jose said, "The stairs leading to my third school in three years were a mountain that I had no energy or desire to climb." What technique did Jose use to add imagery to his speech? a. Personification b. Simile c. Metaphor d. Parallelism
c
Javier has just completed a substantial interview with a city councilor for his speech on urban youth violence. He was excited to get a lot of detailed information on neighborhood crime statistics. What should Javier do next? a. verify the information at the library b. sleep on it to have fresh ideas tomorrow c. send the councilor a thank you letter d. summarize and clarify his notes
c
Leo was enthusiastic about teaching his first class of English as a Second Language. But the students were confused when he described his study habits in college and mentioned "burning the midnight oil." What led Leo's students to be confused? a. A referent b. A simile c. An idiom d. A metaphor
c
Political figures who insist on delivering a speech from a high platform to instill a sense of power over the audience are applying the science of ________. a. linguistics b. relativity c. proxemics d. inflection
c
Regina is giving an informative speech about a historical fire that took place in her hometown. She refers to the people who fought the fire as firefighters rather than firemen. This is an example of what? a. Culturally sensitive language b. Politically correct language c. Gender-inclusive language d. Spotlighting language
c
What is the best resource for someone who wants to use language accurately in a speech? a. Friends b. Wikipedia c. Dictionary d. Thesaurus
c
What is the most important factor to consider when deciding how many main points to include in a speech? a. ethics b. audience c. time d. visual aids
c
When developing her manuscript speech, why would Nancy read the sentences aloud? a. To make it sound like an essay b. To structure the information c. To listen for oral speaking style d. To help commit it to memory
c
Which of the following online resources would be most likely to offer information that lacks credibility on a particular topic? a. Iowa Online State Archives b. the New York Times website c. Miguel's Many Musings blog d. Library of Congress website
c
Which of the following people can appropriately be called Indian? a. Layla, who was born to Lakota parents b. Trent, whose family are Navajo elders c. Serita, who was raised in New Dehli d. Joseph, whose parents are Cherokee
c
Which of the following supporting materials will be most effective for a speaker who wants to create a strong sense of immediacy to a speech? a. hypothetical example b. peer testimony c. real example d. expert testimony
c
With smartphones and the internet and traditional media, we can easily take in more things than our minds can readily process - a situation Alvin Toffler called ________. a. resource traffic b. message saturation c. information overload d. data gridlock
c
Within which context is public speaking the most restricted in terms of topic, length, and goal? a. Being asked to give a speech. b. Deciding to give a speech. c. Being required to give a speech. d. Spontaneously giving a speech.
c
. When opening a speech up to questions-and-answers from the audience, a speaker runs the risk of losing ________. a. attention b. credibility c. respect d. control
d
After selecting an initial topic, you should think about issues such as the audience and the allotted time for the speech to help ________ your topic. a. expand b. draft c. defend d. focus
d
As she outlined the steps of DNA encoding, Jennifer could see confusion on the faces of her high school audience. So she slowed her speaking pace and added phrases such as "Understand? Is this clear?" Jennifer's actions reflect the ________ nature of spoken language. a. casual b. connotative c. repetitive d. interactive
d
Eloise is starting to do research for her final project of the semester - a 10-minute speech on the US National Parks. She just found a great newspaper article announcing that President Theodore Roosevelt proclaimed Devil's Tower as the first national monument. What should Eloise do next? a. write her speech introduction b. locate a copy of the proclamation c. locate a confirming source d. set up the speech bibliography
d
Hector's speech at the neighborhood block party had the following thesis statement: "The city's Green Spark program offers free home audits that will help you save money on energy bills, so set up an appointment at our booth today." What is the general purpose of Hector's speech? a. To invite b. To introduce c. To inform d. To persuade
d
In her speech, Ella stated that the media landscape in America is undergoing massive changes. She then said, "For example, the 2016 Olympics added hundreds of hours of live, streaming coverage. Many major city newspapers have shut down over the past decade. And finally, drama programs on the traditional TV networks received no Emmy nominations." How is Ella using examples in her speech? a. to personalize a point b. to unite with listeners c. to elicit emotion d. to build a case
d
John has argued with his friends on several occasions that the 1969 moon landing was faked and that no one has ever actually been to the moon. This is an example of a(n) __________. a. value b. standpoint c. attitude d. belief
d
Sasha knows that her speech about discrimination could be considered controversial. She thinks the most effective way to promote understanding of her perspective is to develop a personal connection with the audience. Which of the following will Sasha likely use in her speech? a. statistic b. testimony c. example d. narrative
d
Speaking before a group of prospective college students touring the university from various countries, Nathan focused on how the American education system is the best and most effective in the world. Many of the visiting students reacted negatively toward Nathan. What caused the students' reaction to Nathan? a. Nathan's master status b. their master status c. their ethnocentrism d. Nathan's ethnocentrism
d
Tamika is preparing a speech about recent precedents in voter identification laws across the United States. Which of the following will likely be the most valuable resource for Tamika's speech? a. InfoTrac b. NewsBank c. DataTimes d. LEXIS/NEXIS
d
What word should always be in the statement of purpose for a speech? a. Inform b. Objective c. Dialogue d. Audience
d
When someone tells a story as part of a speech, what type of supporting material is the speaker using? a. example b. definition c. testimony d. narrative
d
Which of the following aspects of listening relates to having respect for a speaker as someone with value? a. Hearing b. Engaging c. Spotlighting d. Confirming
d
Which of the following is the best synonym for the thesis statement of a speech? a. Main goal b. Primary context c. Core objective d. Key point
d
Which of the following strategies will be most effective for a speaker who wants to connect with the audience? a. speak directly without using a microphone b. stand on stage behind a large podium c. speak through a projected video link d. stand inside a circle of audience seats
d
a. Have them perform an activity related to your topic, such as making a list or jotting down notes. b. Ask them questions. c. Bring them to the front of the audience for a legitimate reason, such as an exercise to illustrate what you are saying. d. Single out specific audience members and embarrass them.
d
