Comm Test 1

News media coverage of three very different social movements led Time magazine to declare _____ as its annual Person of the Year in 2011.

"the Protester"

Which practice constitutes dishonesty on the part of a speaker?

A motivational speaker presents an anonymous quotation he found online as his own.

A growing group of people believes a local woman has been wrongfully arrested and put in jail. They obtain a permit to gather in a public park to express their support for her and demand she be released. What type of event is this?

A rally

What listening skill can help you to be a better speaker?

Active listening

Why are speeches for political advocacy and social change less intimate than celebratory speaking?

Advocacy and protest speeches have persuasive goals in addition to celebratory ones.

Which are ideas we have about reality?

Beliefs

_____ is a refusal to comply with the norms, demands, or laws of a group or government for the purpose of social change.

Civil disobedience

What is communication scholar Craig Rood's situational civility approach to civic engagement?

Civility should be the norm, but the definition of civility may change according to the context.

_____ is the coordination of behavior through symbols.

Communication

______ refers to the attempt to make others more aware of cultural and political problems and challenges.

Consciousness raising

The answer for those who do not think an invitational or a confrontational approach to civic engagement is always appropriate is:

Craig Rood's situational civility.

_____ can interfere with listening because of language barriers and differing values.

Cultural differences

Kenny works on the receiving dock for a retail store. During the last few weekly meetings, his manager has been calling Kenny out by name for errors that negatively affect the team's productivity. Kenny has begun to feel a sense of dread and anger about this and, even though he appears to be listening calmly, he knows he isn't listening during the meetings. What listening barrier is causing Kenny to not listen during meetings?

Defensive listening

Which is true about organizing a speech?

Even for the shortest of speeches, you should put the structure in writing.

Which of these is NOT noise?

Expecting a call and hearing the phone ring

Angelina is picking out kale at the grocery store. An older woman Angelina does not know approaches and says, "This store has the best kale." Angelina smiles and nods because she thinks the same thing. Which of Burke's ideas does this exemplify?

Flattery

What is a good way to keep a group devoted to social change motivated?

Have leaders or members give motivational speeches.

How did Gorgias use his speech about Helen of Troy to convince people to study oratory with him?

He compared Helen's passion for Paris to the passion audiences feel listening to a skilled orator.

What is the difference between hearing and listening?

Hearing is a physical event. Listening is consciously and actively making sense or meaning of spoken and/or nonverbal messages.

While giving a speech, Marcus makes a joke involving a popular culture reference, and the audience laughs and claps. What is this shared moment an example of?

Identification

Which is a positive, unconscious habit of seasoned speakers?

Informal audience analysis

Which is true of noise?

It can be anything that distorts or distracts a message.

According to Isocrates, which is true of the craft of public speaking?

It can help move people more quickly toward honesty of character.

Which is true about listening?

It comes before speaking.

How does the First Amendment relate to speaking for social change?

It guarantees the right to speech and peaceful assembly.

Why is Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech considered the most important, eloquent, and influential speech in the twentieth century?

It is considered a perfect combination of genres.

What is the argument for an invitational approach to civic engagement?

It reduces the potential for suffering and possible violence.

Which is a cause of speech anxiety?

Lack of experience

_____ is NOT a reliable way of dealing with speech anxiety.

Making your speech as spontaneous as possible

Public speaking teachers in the United States have identified _____ as the most important, eloquent, and influential speech of the twentieth century.

Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" speech

What did the Arab Spring, Occupy Wall Street, and the Tea Party movements all rely on?

Media attention

Whose model of belief and attitude is a predictor of how audiences tend to process and respond to messages?

Milton Rokeach

_____ refers to the inability of one or more communicators to comprehend meanings, feelings, identities, and/or to coordinate their behaviors.

Misunderstanding

Which is part of philosopher Diane Davis's concept of "response-ability"?

Our self-identities are fundamentally based on our responses to the calls of others.

Which would appeal to a person in the teenage crisis?

Promises of career success

What did Gorgias consider the most important of all the arts?

Public speaking

_____ concerns other people to whom you call and from whom you ask for a response.

Public speaking

_____ means you attend only to information you think is important or relevant to you.

Selective listening

In small consciousness raising meetings, what communication principles and skills are most important?

Small group discussion guidelines

_____ refers to the deliberate violation of widely accepted or sanctioned norms of a social or political culture.

Social agitation

What is the relationship between civic engagement and civility?

Some scholars believe a decline in civility has contributed to a decline in civic engagement.

In general, _____ is something all speakers, from the beginner to the expert, contend with as the "center of attention."

Speech Anxiety

What is the difference between speech (or speaking) and an utterance?

Speech assumes a listener, while an utterance usually does not.

Speech anxiety is also known as what in popular culture?

Stage fright

What is an overgeneralization about a person or group based on assumed characteristics?

Stereotype

_____ is a good method of dealing with speech anxiety.

Teaching yourself that Anxiety is just a form of excitment

How is the conversational model different from the civic model?

The conversational model sees public speaking as a dialogue between the speaker and audience, while the civic model sees public speaking as a component of a much larger democratic dialogue among communities.

What is true of the "speech pact"?

The listener's end of the pact involves being welcoming and trusting.

Which is true of listening?

Those who are deaf can listen.

Audiences respond well to speeches that have no more than _____ main points.

Three

How is humor a metaphor for the process of public speaking in general?

To amuse someone, you have to have some knowledge of that person and what he or she may find amusing.

When commenting on a news story you found interesting, you are participating in what type of audience?

Unknown

Which are core ideas that are nearly impervious to change?

Values

What is accurate about defining listening as the counterpart to speaking?

We tend to speak and listen at the same time.

What two messages are always present in any one message?

What a speaker believes she is saying and what a listener believes she is hearing

How does empathy apply to public speaking?

When we are listening to a public speaker, many of us imagine ourselves in the speaker's shoes.

Which is an example of internal noise?

You are concerned about a roommate who can't pay the rent.

Public speaking concerns other people to whom you call and from whom you ask for:

a response

With the exception of the sophists, the ancient Greeks described public speaking or oratory as:

a techne.

To become a better speaker, it is essential that you practice the difficult skill of _____ listening.

active

In a bigger space, the speaker may have to be more:

animated

When speaking to a hostile audience, you should:

attempt to find common ground.

If Gianna says she does not like sushi, she is expressing a(n):

attitude

As you observe your classmates, you'll be able to understand basic demographic information, part of the research step known as:

audience analysis.

A major part of advocacy is the organization and mobilization that takes place:

behind the scenes.

According to Gorgias, public speaking was NOT:

by nature either bad or good.

Because protests and rallies are considered special occasion or _____ events because they are held for and among those who have common interests and investments.

celebratory

Techniques and tips on _____ speaking apply more directly to social and political advocacy than do the techniques of persuasion.

celebratory

The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle located the speaker's responsibility in the concept of ethos, which translates roughly to:

character

In a society in which people are permitted to speak their mind and express their views, _____ is usually an effective way to garner support and work toward change.

civil obedience

In Nathan's work as an activist for a group working to pass a higher minimum wage in his state, he involves local unions and the student government of his local university. His group combining with these two groups would be considered a:

coalition.

According to scholar Craig Rood, the _____ approach to civility argues that the civil norms of politeness and courtesy assume equality and people may need to sacrifice civility to attract the attention of those in power.

confrontational

In just about any speaking situation, you are revisiting what Freud and others have determined is the fundamental human tension between:

connection and independence.

In most _____ societies, civilly obedient forms of speech are permitted, and even encouraged.

democratic

Audience _____refers to how the audience feels about you, your topic, and the occasion for your speaking.

disposition

Freud says we desire love because we are inherently:

divided.

In most public speaking situations, an audience wants to hear the speaker and can _____ the task of speaking.

empathize with

Ingrid was born in Sweden. However, now she lives in the United States, speaks English fluently, and enjoys watching baseball in the summer. She views herself as an American. American would be considered Ingrid's:

ethnic identification.

You should rehearse your speech so that you can:

get a sense of how long your speech is so you can stay within the time limit.

One can listen without:

hearing.

Speaking for political advocacy and social protest is a _____ genre, combining the goals of celebratory speaking with the functions of persuasive speaking.

hybrid

Communication studies professor and activist Brian McCann advises activists to realize that activism is primarily for the:

insider

The _____ we experience when communicating with others often has to do with our own self-concept.

internal noise

Civil obedience is a(n) _____ approach to civic engagement.

invitational

Stereotypes are used to make quick judgments about others when we have:

limited information.

Studying public speaking is no substitute for:

practice

In general, the larger the audience, the more you will need to be:

prepared

Whether you are speaking to inform, entertain, or persuade, public speaking is about bringing a group together, or constituting a____ at the moment of speaking.

public

Jennifer's father was born in Korea. Even though she does not speak Korean and has never been to Korea, she looks Korean. In this example, Korean would be considered Jennifer's:

race

A _____ is a meeting of people to support a social or political cause.

rally

According to Freud, most of us want to be:

recognized

When listening, our brains help us do a lot of the work by attending to:

sensory information.

Using the term "partnership" rather than "marriage" shows that you are trying to consider the audience's:

sexual orientation.

Communication studies scholar Craig Rood suggests that those seeking civic engagement decide when to be invitational or confrontational depending on the moment, a stance he calls:

situational civility.

Rosa Parks' famous refusal to give up her seat on the bus would be considered

social agitation.

A _____ refers to a group of like-minded individuals who promote a particular cause, politics, or ideology.

social movement

The ideal consequence social movement groups desire is a renewed sense of:

solidarity

Thinking about your life as a listener is quite helpful to you as a(n) _____ because it can better prepare you to adapt to any audience.

speaker

Communication is the coordination of behavior through:

symbols

Using PowerPoint during a speech is an example of:

technology use.

Your primary audience as an activist is like-minded people. Your secondary audience is:

the media

Influential speaking can be perceived as _____ to those in power.

threatening

Social movement scholar Herbert W. Simons says social movements are often characterized as:

uninstitutionalized

Gorgias compared the power of the spoken word to:

witchcraft