COMM175 Chapter 1 - Communication Process

mainstream (dominant) culture

the larger culture we all exist in

linear communication model

- considers feedback & noise, or interferences - physical: actual noise - semantic: linguistic influences on the messages - psychological: cognitive influences on the message - physiological: biological influences on the message

perception

being aware of & creating meaning from the world around us

representational communication

conveying the facts or information "objectively"

language

important part of communication and unique to humans; separates us from other animals, allows us to share our experiences , & is a major vehicle through which we document knowledge

communication

shared meaning making, a critical component to how we develop as human beings; allows us to construct & control our environment

bounded cultures/co-cultures

smaller cultures which exist within the mainstream culture, they can be defined in many ways: specialized interests, sex, gender, identity, sexual orientation, race, ethnicity, disability, socioeconomic status

transactional (dynamic) model

- model views the communication process as changing the communicators - communicators walk away from the exchange different people; makes the transactional approach constitutive because something now exists that did not exist before the communication

symbolic interaction(ism)

- people collectively give meanings to symbols & behave according to those meanings - sociologist George Herbert Mead explained that culture develops through conversations because we derive a sense of meaning & self from our interactions in society - "significant other" - influential people from the different situations in which you find yourself - "generalized other" - your sense of how others generally see you

interactional model

- sender & receiver become "interpreters" both encode and decode messages simultaneously - messages are interpreted according to individuals & shared experiences - both interpreters negotiate meaning in the message - linear and interactional models represent the transmissional view of communication

frames

a specific set of expectations we use to make sense of the specific social situation we may find ourselves in at the time - frame analysis consists of using social cues or (established, known) frames to understand our role in a given situation or context

Looking Glass Self

an image of yourself based on what you believe others think of you

ritual view of communication

links communication to community, fellowship, & representations of share beliefs within a society (i.e. holidays, religious symbols, etc)

schema

mental structures built from past experiences that we use to process new info & organize new experiences

presentational communication

someone's version of the facts or information