Community Final
Calcium intake seems to increase and maintain bone mass. What is the recommended daily intake for men and women ages 51 years and older? -1,200mg -1,800mg -1600mg
1,200mg
The fruits and vegetables of Healthy People goal found the age-adjusted average number of daily servings of fruit consumed showed little change, from __ each day in 1994-1996 in 1.5 in 1999-2000; currently 2.8 percent of people eat more than two servings of fruit each day -1.6 servings -2.6 servings -3.6 servings -4.6 servings
1.6 servings
Mark is a 15-year-old boy. How much iron should he be consuming daily? -11 mg -20 mg -15 mg -None of these are correct
11 mg
The Summer Food Service Program was established in: -1930 -1975 -2000 -2014
1975
Children quadruple their birth weight by what age? -2 years -3 years -7 months -1 year
2 years
Megan just found out that she is pregnant. She has been eating more iron-rich foods such as kidney beans, raisins, and nuts. The dietary reference intake of __ for iron is recommended for a healthy pregnancy woman. -10 mg -27mg -35mg -60 mg -120 mg
27 mg
Richard is 17 years old, and is overweight. He is worried about becoming obese because he knows that __ of overweight teenagers grow up to be obese adults. -1/4 -1/2 -2/3 -3/4
3/4
BMI is determined by weight in kilograms by height in meters squared. For adults, a BMI of __ or more is classified as obese.
30
Nic is an average teenager who eats at fast-food restaurants twice a week. Fast-food visits account for what percentage of all food eaten away from home? -11% -21% -31% -41%
31%
In order for baby Lesley to be introduced to solid foods, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that she should be between which of the following ages? -4 and 6 months -1 and 3 months -7 and 8 months -9 and 10 months
4 and 6 months
The American of Pediatrics recommends that solid foods be introduced between the ages of __ months -0 to 2 -2 to 4 -4 to 6 -6 to 8
4 to 6
Individuals who are alive and without recurrence of cancer __ years after diagnosis are considered cured. -1 -2 -4 -5
5
Corey was considered small for gestational age (SGA) when he was born; therefore, he must have weighed less than how much? -25 kg -5.5 lb -15 kg -6.5 lb
5.5 lb
A client with a Nutritional Risk Score lower than __ should receive nutrition counseling. -50 -60 -70 -80
50
Which of the following is NOT a segment of older adults most at risk of hunger? -50 to 60 years old -living at or below poverty levels -high school dropouts -African Americans and Hispanic Americans
50 to 60 years old
According to the 2005 data from the CDC, __ states had obesity prevalence rates of 30 percent or more; 32 states, including those states, had rates of about 25 percent; only one state, Colorado, had less than 20 percent. -3 -5 -6 -9
6
The protein requirement is increased to approximately __ during pregnancy for the average woman. -44 g -54 g -60 g -64 g -84 g
60 g
The average life expectancy at birth has increased from 47 years in 1900 to __ years in 2014 -57.9 -67.9 -78.8 -87.9
78.8
A client with a Nutritional Risk Score lower than __ is at nutritional risk. -50 -60 -70 -80
80
Dan has just been diagnosed with T2DM, which accounts for what percentage of all diagnosed cases of diabetes? -90 to 95% -80 to 85% -70 t 75% -60 to 65%
90 to 95%
Which of the following describes the eating behaviors of toddlers? -they tend to be apprehensive of new foods and may refuse to eat them -they tend to play with food and refuse any help from the caregiver/mother -they are curious about new foods, but may be reluctant to try them -All -None
All of these are correct
Which of the following provides hands-on training in homes and community settings for the people of each community, usually through a state university? -Commodity Supplemental Food Program -Head Start Program -Cooperative Extension Program -Title V of the Social Security Act
Cooperative Extension Program
T or F Community nutrition students learned that BMI is the most commonly used criterion for obesity and there are no limitations to this method.
F
T or F Overweight and obese individuals are not at increased risk for many health conditions.
F
T or F The Head Start Program is a comprehensive child health development program that is administered by a WIC nutritionist.
F
Which of the following is designed to break down barriers to care by providing accessible, culturally competent, and, in some communities, mobile clinics to minority groups? The program addresses the clients' basic health as well as prenatal care needs and makes referrals for depression or substance abuse screenings. -Commodity Supplemental Food Program -Head Start Program -Cooperative Extension Program -Title V of the Social Security Act
Head Start Program
Jill hasn't had an appetite for breakfast for weeks. She is usually hungry when she first wakes up, but now that she is 14 to 16 weeks pregnant, things have changed. What is/are the possible diet-related complications Jill may be experiencing? -Anemia -Nausea and vomiting -Pregnancy-induced hypertension -Heartburn, constipation, and hemorrhoids -All of these are correct
Nausea and vomiting
Which of the following provides food and nutrition assistance to low-income individuals through block grants to territory administrative agencies? -Food Distribution Program on Indian Reservations -The Emergency Food Assistance Program -Nutrition Assistance Program -Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
Nutrition Assistance Program
3 to 4
Studies show that structured exercise __ times per week during the third trimester produced lower infant birht weights. -1 to 2 -3 to 4 -5 to 6 -7 to 8
T or F Although signs of malnutrition are not common in children in North America, there are children who receive diets that are inadequate in quantity or quality.
T
T or F Arginine is high in plant protein and seems to lower blood cholesterol, while lysine and methionine seem to raise plasma cholesterol levels.
T
T or F Atherosclerosis is a progressive, complex disease that often begins in childhood and adolescence, and is related to high serum total cholesterol levels.
T
T or F Damian recently learned that men should consume tomatoes and tomato cause because it may reduce the incidence of prostate cancer.
T
T or F Infancy is defined as the period between birth and 1 year of age
T
T or F Insensible water loss is the continual loss of body water by evaporation from the respiratory tract and diffusion through the skin
T
T or F Many teenage women, especially the youngest ones, have not had time to store the nutrients needed to support their own rapid growth and development, much less store nutrients needed to support pregnancy and a developing fetus.
T
T or F Physical activity can facilitate labor and reduce psychological stress.
T
Which of the following provides federal support to strengthen the states' ability to promote, improve, and deliver maternal and child health services and programs for children with special healthcare needs, mainly in rural areas and areas of severe economic distress? -Commodity Supplemental Food Program -Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) -WIC Farmers' Market Nutrition Program -Title V of the Social Security Act
Title V of the Social Security Act
The desire to carry out a successful pregnancy and acceptance of responsibility describes which issue affecting teenage pregnancy nutritional well-being? -acceptance of pregnancy -food resources -body image -peer relationship
acceptance of pregnancy
Which of the following is a reason for the increasing older population in the United States? -advances in modern medicine and technology -increased access to processed foods -decreased crime rate -all of these are correct
advances in modern medicine and technology
A dietitian evaluation a pregnancy client should look for which of the following factors? -nausea, vomiting -lactose intolerance -constipation -all of these are correct
all of these are correct
Adolescents have more of which of the following, than adult women? -miscarriages -premature births -stillbirths -all of these are correct
all of these are correct
Basal metabolic rate is affected by which of the following factors? -age -genetics -temperature -all of these are correct
all of these are correct
Bonnie is 57 years old and may be at risk of bone loss. There are both intrinsic and extrinsic factors that are determinants of normal bone mass. Which of the following are extrinsic factors? -diet and exercise -hormonal milieu -specific illness -all of these are correct
all of these are correct
Common nutrition problems for children and adolescents with special healthcare needs may include which of the following? -delayed or stunted linear growth -underweight -overweight or obesity -feeding delays or oral-motor dysfunction -All of these are correct
all of these are correct
Criteria for bulimia nervosa include which of the following? -recurrent episodes of binge eating -recurrent purging behavior -excessive exercise or fasting -self-evaluation unduly influenced by body shape and weight -all of these are correct
all of these are correct
Extrinsic factors include which of the following? -diet -hormonal milieu -specific illness -all of these are correct
all of these are correct
Factors that increased HIV transmission between mother and infant include which of the following? -early mixed feedings -nipple lesions -mastitis -all of these are correct
all of these are correct
In a community nutrition course, students learned that one of the objectives of Healthy People 2010 is what? -prevent and control heart disease -prevent and control obesity -prevent and control cancer -prevent and control osteoporosis -all of these
all of these are correct
Low-risk individuals for cardiovascular disease have which of the following health factors? -without diabetes -without cardiovascular disease -systolic blood pressure less than 160 mm Hg -all of these are correct
all of these are correct
One observation that a dietitian must make in an individual with hyper tension is that dietary factors such as salt, alcohol, and body weight are important to regulate blood pressure. Other nonpharmacologic recommendations include which of the following? -increasing potassium intake -increasing aerobic exercise -quitting smoking -all -none
all of these are correct
Research suggests which of the following diet components contributes to increased longevity? -diet based on rice -diet based on fish -diet based on vegetable proteins -all of these are correct
all of these are correct
Secondary causes of protein energy malnutrition (PEM) may be due to: -congenital abnormalities -genetic factors such as PKU -inadequate weaning practices -drug addictions -all of these are correct
all of these are correct
The Madison family is all overweight. The children, who are 7 and 11 years old, have followed in their parents' footsteps. What factor or factors can contribute to childhood obesity? -excessive TV viewing or playing video games -genetics -high-fat, high-calorie snacks -little physical activity -all of these are correct
all of these are correct
The nutrients that may cause cancer include which of the following? -fat -calories -alcohol -all of these are correct
all of these are correct
The secondary causes of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) may be due to: -biological conditions that may interfere with food intake and utilization -social causes -biological conditions that may increase the need for energy and other nutrients -All of these are correct
all of these are correct
Tori has provisional criteria for binge eating. Which of the following is characteristic of this disorder? -eating large amounts when not physically hungry -feeling disgusted or guilty after overeating -eating much more rapidly than normal -All -None
all of these are correct
Which of the following contributes to an increased metabolic rate in infants? -crying -large proportion of skin surface to body size -increased heart beats per minute compared to an adult -all of these are correct
all of these are correct
Which of the following is a condition of the elderly that impacts nutritional status? -Parkinson's disease -Alzheimer's disease -osteopenia -all of these are correct
all of these are correct
Which of the following is a positive aspect of breastfeeding? -provides appropriate amounts of energy and nutrients -provides colostrum, which protects against infections -rarely causes allergic responses -all of these are correct
all of these are correct
Crystal had to measure children's body fat in a gym class today. She noticed that the boy's results were very different from that of the girls. Girls tend to accumulate more __ during the adolescent rapid-growth period. -lean tissue -fat and lean tissue -body fat -lean tissue around the hip -None
body fat
Degree of acceptance of an adult body and maturity in facing bodily changes throughout pregnancy describes which issue affecting teenage pregnancy nutritional well-being? -acceptance of the pregnancy -food resources -body image -peer relationship
body image
Linoleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are high in human breast milk because they are needed for: -bile formation -the growth of acid-producing bacteria -brain development and visual acuity -absorption of iron
brain development and visual acuity
__ is the second most common fatal disease in the US. Its development involves damage to cells' DNA; this damage occurs over a long period of time and grows at the expense of the healthy cells -diabetes -obesity -HIV -cancer
cancer
Which of the following can be acheived by slowing the biological changes that accrue over time and delaying the diseases of aging enough to reach the limits of life span before any symptoms emerge? -immortality -compression of morbidity -limitation of morbidity -life span elongation
compression of mortality
All of Anna's family is overweight. The children, who are in 6th and 11th grades, have followed in their parents' footsteps. They watch too much television, about 3 or 4 hours a day. It is likely that these children will do the following EXCEPT: -consume more fruits and vegetables -consume salty snacks and soda -consume foods high in sugar -consume high-fat, high-calorie snacks
consume more fruits and vegetables
John is soon to be enrolled in high school. The following are the nutrition-related concerns his parents should be aware of during his adolescent years EXCEPT: -changing eating habits -eating more meals and snacks away from home -skipping meals -consuming more fruits and vegetables
consuming more fruits and vegetables
Techniques for evaluating a pregnant client's status all EXCEPT which of the following? -dietary assessment -clinical observations and physical examination -anthropometry -cultural background
cultural background
Epidemiological data suggest that osteoporosis is more prevalent in regions where __ intake is low and that milk consumption in childhood and adolescence is directly correlated with postmenopausal bone mineral density. -vegetable -fruit -grain -dairy
dairy
Data showed that from the Healthy People Goals 2003-2004, 4 percent of adults 20 years of age or older ate __ vegetables, and 22 percent consumed fried potatoes. -dark green and orange -some sort of -only starch -red and light green
dark green and orange
What does nonorganic failure to thrive mean? -a diagnosed medical illness -disturbances in the relationship between the primary caregiver and the infant -an acute or chronic disorder
disturbances in the relationship between the primary caregiver and the infant
Excess levels of blood lipids, such as cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, and triglycerides, is called: -dyslipidemia -diabetes -cardiovascular disease -ischemic attack
dyslipidemia
During the differentiation stage of pregnancy, three basic layers of tissue form and develop into three different organs called: -ectoderm, trophoblast, and medoderm -ectoderm, placenta, and fetus -ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm -ectoderm, embryonic, and trophoblast
ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor during the onset of pregnancy? -frequent pregnancies: three of more during a 2-year period -poor obstetric history or poor fetal performance -education level -poverty
education level
George is concerned that his 3-year-old son may acquire dental caries. What steps should he take to prevent this from happening? -feed his child sticky candies -feed his child crunchy foods such as carrot sticks and apple slices -give his child fluoridated water -make sure his child brushes his teeth -feed his child crunchy foods such as carrot sticks and apple slices, give his child fluoridated water, and make sure his child brushes his teeth
feed his child crunchy foods such as carrot sticks and apple slices, give his child fluoridated water, and make sure his child brushes his teeth
Which of the following provides monthly supplemental food packages to low-income households living on Indian reservations? -Food Distribution Program on Indian Reservations -The Emergency Food Assistance Program -Nutrition Assistance Program -Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
food distribution program on indian reservation
Family meals (timing, quantity, quality) and food assistance (willingness to participate in WIC) describes which issue affecting teenage pregnancy nutritional well-being? -acceptance of the pregnancy -food resources -body image -peer relationship
food resources
Compared to women who are not physically active, women who remain active during pregnancy report fewer discomforts throughout their pregnancies and: -experience less morning sickness -have shorter gestational periods -gain less weight -have deceased capacity to breastfeed
gain less weight
A burning sensation in the lower esophagus near the heart is called: -heart burn -indigestion -dysguesia -esophageal ulcer
heart burn
__ and __ are the leading causes of death for all persons age 65 or older and in all ethnic groups. -heart disease/cancer -falls/cancer -falls/bronchial infection -heart disease/bronchial infection
heart disease/cancer
Conditions of the elderly that impact nutritional status include all the following EXCEPT: -neoplasms with hypercatabolism, anorexia, and cachexia -DM with restrictive diet and medication interactions -ingrown toenail -paralysis that limits mobility
ingrown toenail
Which of the following is a strategy for reducing heart disease from the National Cholesterol Education Program? -recommend a cholesterol test every 10 years for all adults over age 20 -define low HDL as being less than 200 compared to an earlier value of 350 -intensify the use of nutrition, physical activity, and weight control in the treatment of risk of heart disease -all of these are correct
intensify the use of nutrition, physical activity, and weight control in the treatment of risk of heart disease
__ at the beginning of pregnancy is linked to a risk of preterm delivery and low-birth-weight infants; and during pregnancy it is very dangerous because it increases the risk of maternal and infant death significantly and may contribute to low iron status in the infant -heart burn -gestational diabetes -hypertension -iron deficiency anemia
iron deficiency anemia
Which of the folloing nutrients is most liekly to be low during adolescence? -iron, calcium, zinc, vit b6 -calcium, vit c, and cit d -vit a, iron, zinc -all of these are correct
iron, calcium, zing, vit b6
Emily tried breastfeeding in the beginning, but she found there were too many obstacles to overcome and so she gave up. All of the following are barriers to breastfeeding EXCEPT: -lack of husband's support -lack of paid breastfeeding breaks in the workplace -increased number of teenage and single mother -prolonged separation from the infant
lack of husband's support
Which of the following in the transition from pregnancy to lactation? -lactogenesis -ductal filling -pre-breastfeeding phase -primary lactation
lactogenesis
Which of the following is stimulated by a rapid drop of serum progesterone and maybe estrogen after the delivery of the placenta. It is also accompanied by a significant decrease in breast milk levels of sodium, chloride, and protein and an increase in lactose and milk lipids? -ductal filling -pre-breastfeeding phase -primary lactation -lactogenesis
lactogenesis
The carbohydrate in human milk and in infant formulas made from cow's milk is: -lactase -prolactase -lactose
lactose
Which of the following does NOT typically contribute to undernutrition in the urban poor? -low wages -large grocery chains -underemployment -food prices beyond the reach of families
large grocery chains
Poor attention span, gross motor development, and intellectual performance in childhood have been linked to: -excessive calcium intake in childhood -low blood iron -vitamin C deficiency -low blood calcium
low blood iron
Amanda is a healthy 10-year-old girl who is just starting to go through puberty. During puberty, she will most likely experience all of the following EXCEPT: -height increase -weight increase -enlarging of organ systems -muscle depletion
muscle depletion
Daughters of postmenopausal women with a family history of osteoporosis were found to have a __ normal bone mass density. -higher than -same as -lower than -no relation
no relation
Risk factors that are not under the control of the individual, such as age, gender, ethnicity, and family history, are called: -nonmodifiable risk factors -modifiable risk factors -controllable risk factors -unconditioned risk factors
nonmodifiable risk factors
In the United States, more than half of the population is either __ or obese, and this condition affects all ages, genders, and ethnic groups. -overweight -diabetic -at risk for increased mortality -all of these are correct
overweight
Which Coordinated School Health Program strategy may include planned and sequential instruction that promotes physical activity designed to develop basic movement skills, sports skills, and physical fitness, and to enhance physical, mental social, and emotional abilities? -school counseling, psychological, and social service -school site health promotion for staff -family and community involvement in school health -physical education
physical education
The odds of a lower birth weight were __ increased for those who exercised five or more times per week and __ increased for those at the other extreme, who are engages in structured exercise two or fewer times per week. -mildly/modestly -substantially/insignificantly -mildly/insignificant -substantially/modestly
substantially/modestly
The death of an infant under 1 year of age will be part of: -the Infant Mortality Death Certificate -the Infant Demographic Data -the Children Mortality Rate Data -the Infant Mortality Rate Data
the Infant Mortality Rate Data
__ is an important complement to calcium because it facilitates absorption of calcium from the diet. -vit A -vit b12 -vit C -vit D
vit D
Which of the following is NOT a remedy for nausea and vomiting during pregnancy? -diet changes -waiting until after morning to eat -use of ginger extract -increased fluids
waiting until after morning to eat
Mary is concerned about her toddler getting lead poisoning. Which of the following steps should she take to avoid this? -washing her child's hands before handling foods and eating -preventing her child from eating nonfood items -using lead-soldered food cans -painting her study with leaded house paint -washing her child's hands before handling foods and eating, and preventing her child from eating nonfood items
washing her child's hands before handling foods and eating, and preventing her child from eating nonfood items
