comprehensive exam

what happens to the blood pressure and pulse when hypercalemia is present?

increase BP and full bounding pulse

Salicylism

is a syndrome that develops when the therapeutic level of an aspirin has just gotten too high the client will experience riningin in the ears. the doctor will most likely stop the therapy and thatn continue at a lower dose

Levothyroxine (Synthroid) is prescribed to a client with hypothyroidism. what should the nurse tell the client about this medication?

it can take up to 4 weeks for the full theraputic effect

a client is on cumodim. which medication should the nurse call the physican about if the client is also perscribed this medication>

levothyroxine (Synthroid)- because it enhances the effects of wafrain

The nurse administers intravenous morphine sulfate to a client in pulmonary edema. For which intended effect of the medication does the nurse monitor the client?`

morphine sulfate reduces anxiety in a patient with pulmonary edema

what is an early sign of compartment syndrome? - in compartment syndrome is pain relived by medication?

paresthesia -no

Empyema

pus - this odoer is think opage and foul smelling

A client undergoing therapy with carbidopa/levodopa (Sinemet) calls the nurse at the clinic and reports that his urine has become darker since he started taking the medication. The nurse should tell the client: -and what type of medication is ths?

- this is an antiparkinson agent. -the nurse should tell the client that this is a side effect of the medication

early manifesttaions of hypovolemic shock?

-diminished peripheral pulses -increased heart rate - decreased bp or normal - increased respirations -cool paleskin

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of an infant in whom hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) is suspected. Which characteristics associated with the disorder does the nurse expects see documented in the infant's medical record? - what symptoms would be realted to this illness?

-the pylorisis becomes thickened and there is obstruction of the gastric outlet. - the client would watch for projectice vomiting, dehydration, distended abdomen, an olive shaped mass, weight loss

A client has a physician's appointment to get a prescription for sildenafil (Viagra). The nurse obtains the health history from the client. Which finding indicates that the medication is contraindicated? - what is this medication contradicted in?

-the use of nitrates because viagra can already cause hypotension and with a nitrate they can cause severe hypotension

A client with multiple sclerosis has been started on baclofen (Lioresal) for muscle spasms. The client calls the physician's office 1 week after beginning the medication and tells the nurse that she feels extremely drowsy. The nurse most appropriately tells the client? what kind of muscle relaxant is this?

-this drowsiness will diminish with continued -therapy -this is a centrally acting muscle relaxant

A nurse reviews the laboratory results of a hospitalized pregnant client with a diagnosis of sepsis who is at risk for disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC). Which laboratory finding would indicate to the nurse that DIC has developed in the client? -what is DIC

-this is a coagualation problem where the blood is not clotting -platletst would be decreased -prothrombin time would be long then normal -the most sestitive is the fibrigen degeneration products and this would be increased -the test to tell about tese fibrigen degeneration prodcuats is the d-dimer

Vasopressin (Pitressin) is prescribed to a client with diabetes insipidus. For which sign, indicative of an adverse effect of the medication, does the nurse monitor the client? - what is vasopressin? -what is an adverse effect of this medication? -what does this medication do?

-vasopressin is a constricting medication it can constrict the heart causing angia pectorisis even an MI. -the cliect may have chest pain - vasopressin is anti diuretic hormone - it would cause a decreased urine output normal because it retains water and constricts blood vessels

what is the normal theophylline level?

10-20

how long should ativan be administered over?

3 minutes

A nurse is providing information to a client with diabetes insipidus who will be taking desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) by way of the nasal route. For which of the following occurrences does the nurse tell the client to contact the physician?

desmopressin is a synthetic form of the antidutretic hormone which causese retention of water. adverse effect is water toxicitiy and a form of this would be headace and nausea, SOB, drowisness

what are the three classic signs of preeclampsia?

edema, protein in urine, and hypertension

atlantoaxial instability

excessive movement at the neck -cause neck pain weakness and torticollis. these children are at risk for spinal cord compression

what are early manifestions of RA?

fatigue and low grade fever

A school nurse observing a child with Down syndrome is participating in a physical education class and notes that the child is experiencing a diminution in motor abilities. The nurse asks to see the child and conducts an assessment, during which the child complains of neck pain and loss of bladder control. What is the appropriate action by the nurse in this situation? and why?

contacting the physicain because children with down syndrome who participate in sports should be evaluated for atlantoaxial instability

a client has been perscribed albuterol and advir . which order should the client take the medications first?

first is albuterol (broncodilator) and than advidr (cortiosteriod)

prednisone what type of medication is it? -what can it cause?

corticosteriod -when taking over a long period of time, prednisone may cause and increase in blood glucose and a decrease in potassium. also increse in BP and sodium retention

what is the primary pharamcological therapy for scarcoidosis?

corticosteriods (end in stone)

foul-smelling ribbon like stool is a sign of?

Hirschsprung disease.- involved in problems with passing stool. never functions are missing

A client who has sustained an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is receiving intravenous reteplase (Retavase). For which adverse effect of the medication does the nurse monitor the client? and why?

Reteplase (retavase) is a thrombolitic. this is why the nurse should look out for epistaxis (nosebleeds) because bleeding is a complication

rule of 9s

head is 9 arms are 18 thorax is 36 legs 36 perineum is 1

a client with viral hepatitis should consume what kind of a diet?

high carb low fat diet

An intravenous dose of adenosine (Adenocard) is prescribed for a client to treat Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Which piece of equipment does the nurse make a priority of obtaining before administering the medication?

Wolff=parkinson-white syndrom is an abnormaitly of cardiac rhythm that is manifested as supraventricular tachycardia. The nurse who is administering Adenocard should be sure to obtain a heart monitor

Prednisone - what is it and when should it be administered?

a glucocorticoid that should be administered in the morning before 9 am

what are the common signs of intussuception? what should the nurse watch out for?

a sausage shaped abdomen and the bloody passage of "current jelly" stool and diahrea. - the nurse needs to watch for peritonitis- which can be meanifested as a fever, increased heart rate, respitroy distress, changes in LOC

A client with HIV infection who has been found to have histoplasmosis is being treated with intravenous amphotericin B (Fungizone). Which parameter does the nurse check to detect the most common adverse effect of this medication?

amphotericin B (funizone) this is an antifungal mediaction that is highly toxic . infusions my cause reactions or renal toxicity

histoplasmosis

an infection caused by breathing in spores of a fungus that is often associated with bird or bath droppings

medications that end in stone?

are corticosteriods.

what provides the best predictor of jaundice?

assessemnt of the mucus membranes, sclera, and skin

what is used to treat a cholinergic crisis?

atropine sulfate

Systemic lupus erythematosus - what is it? - what are the symptoms?

chronic , progressive, inflammatory disorder of the connective tissue. this can cause failure of major organs and body systems - the symptoms that go along with this disorder are abdominal pain, fever, and vasculitis -butterfly rash

Silicosis

chronic fibrotic disease of the lungs caused by inhaling of free cristilline siclila --caused by exposure to dust. asl about working in a mine

Alendronate (Fosamax) is prescribed for a client with postmenopausal osteoporosis. The nurse provides information on the medication to the client. When does the nurse tell the client to take the alendronate?

should be taken in the morning with a full glass of water. this is because it will minimize the risk of esophagitis . also with no food. and should sit up for 30 min

a client with CRF should put what in their food? and what shouldnt they put in their food?

should but herbs and spices but should not put salt substitus because most of them contain potassium and that is restriced

what is a food that can supress calcium absorption?

spiniach whole wheat ceral

A nurse provides home care instructions to a client with mild preeclampsia. The nurse tells the client that:

that urine output must be measured and if it is less than 500 in a 24 hour period call the doc. - also clients with mild preeclampsia are considered to have a disystolic bp less than 100, proteinuria less than 1+, no headache visual disturbances or abdominal pain. -fluid and sodium should not be restricted and there should be enough protien and calories

A nurse transcribing the prescriptions of a client admitted to the nursing unit notes that metformin (Glucophage) 850 mg/day has been prescribed. The nurse makes a note in the client's medication record that the medication should be administered:

the medication would be givein in the morning with the morning meal because it is given to manage type 2 diabetes. givien at any other time iwll not maintain a constant controoled blood glcose level

what is a hall mark sign of leukemia?

the preseesne of blast cells in the bone marrow

what is a hall mark sign of Hodgkin's lymphoma?

the presence of Reed-sternberg cells

A nurse is performing an assessment of a client with suspected pheochromocytoma. Which clinical manifestation does the nurse expect to note?

these tumors arising from adrenal medulla are associated with 5 ps pressure (increase) palpations pallor perspiration pain

A nurse assessing the wound of a client with a stage 3 pressure ulcer and notes that the wound bed is pale. The nurse interprets this finding as a possible indication that:

this means that there is a low hemaglobin level.

A nurse provides home care instructions to a client who has undergone fluorescein angiography. The nurse determines that the client needs further instruction if the client states that he must: - what is a fluorescien angiography?

this provides a detailed image of the eye and record of eye circulation. -the nurse should instruct the client that the skin can be yellow, green urine will be excreated untill the die is out, stay out of sunlight untill the die is excreated and drink fluids to eliminate the die

A client is taking gentamicin sulfate (Genoptic) for the treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease. What does the nurse ask the client during assessment for adverse effects of the medication? what kind of drug is this? what should the client look out for?

this type of drug is an aminoglycosides - adverse effects are ototoxicity and nephrotoxity - the nurse should ask about ringing in the ears

torticollis

twisted neck