Computer Session Java Programming

BASIC

(an acronym for Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is a family of general-purpose, high-level programming languages whose design philosophy emphasizes ease of use.

Fortran

(derived from Formula Translating System) is a general-purpose, imperative programming language that is especially suited to numeric computation and scientific computing.

algorithm

Collectively, instructions are called an ___________ An ____________ is a set of well-defined steps followed to perform a task or solve a problem.

1 byte

Each section of memory is made up of eight bits or _____

python

Image result for define ________ programming language __________ is a widely used general-purpose, high-level programming language. Its design philosophy emphasizes code readability, and its syntax allows programmers to express concepts in fewer lines of code than would be possible in languages such as C++ or Java.

Fetch

The CPU controls unit fetches from main memory, the instruction in the sequence of program instructions.

bit

The computer stores data by setting the switches in a memory location to a pattern of 1s and 0s. This binary pattern represents a character or a number. Each of these switches is known as a _____

Decodes

The instructions in encoded in the form of a number. The control unit _____ the instructions and generates an electronic signal.

Execute

The signal is routed to the appropriate component of the computer. the signal causes the component to perform an operation.

fetch/decode/execute cycle

When a computer program runs, the CPU is performs a process known as the ______________.

Input

_____ involves entering data into the computer using an input device such as a keyboard or mouse

Processing

_____ involves the computer performing logical and arithmetic operations to deliver results

C#

______ (pronounced as c sharp) is a multi-paradigm programming language encompassing strong typing, imperative, declarative, functional, generic, object-oriented (class-based), and component-oriented programming disciplines.

Storage

______ involves storing computer programs and data a storage device

Visual Basic (VB)

______ is a programming environment from Microsoft in which a programmer uses a graphical user interface (GUI) to choose and modify preselected sections of code written in the BASIC programming language.

Operators

_______ are symbols that perform arithmetic and non-arithmetic operations on data (operands), such as a number, or string (value in quotes). The example below shows the assignment and multiplication operators used in math expression

Applet

___________ is a small application that runs on a web browser • _________ extend the capabilities of a Web page significantly

Application

___________ is a stand-alone program that runs on your computer e.g. word processors, spread sheets, web browsers etc.

The Java Development Kit (JDK)

____________ is software used to create Java programs

Ruby

__________is a dynamic, reflective, object-oriented, general-purpose programming language. It was designed and developed in the mid-1990s by Yukihiro "Matz" Matsumoto in Japan.

C

__________is a general-purpose, imperative computer programming language, supporting structured programming, lexical variable scope and recursion, while a static type system prevents many unintended operations.

JavaScript

_________untyped, and interpreted programming language

Output

_____involves producing results on an output device such as the computer monitor (screen), printer, speakers etc.

Perl

_____is a family of high-level, general-purpose, interpreted, dynamic programming languages. The languages in this family include Perl 5 and Perl 6.

C++

_____is a middle-level programming language developed by Bjarne Stroustrup starting in 1979 at Bell Labs. ____ runs on a variety of platforms, such as Windows, Mac OS, and the various versions of UNIX.

Pascal

is a historically influential imperative and procedural programming language, designed in 1968-69 and published in 1970 by Niklaus Wirth as a small and efficient language intended to encourage good programming practices using structured programming and data structuring.

PHP

is a server-side scripting language designed for web development but also used as a general-purpose programming language. Originally created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1994, the ____ reference implementation is now produced by The ____ Group.

COBOL

stands for Common Business Oriented Language.The US Department of Defense, in a conference, formed CODASYL (Conference on Data Systems Language) to develop a language for business data processing needs which is now known as ________

Variables

• A _____ is a named storage location in computer memory • The data in a ________ can change while the program is running e.g. the score in computer game can be increased as the player plays the game well • ____ are symbolic names made up by you (the programmer) • The example below shows a ______ named length that references Memory Address 23. The length variable stores the number 72

Computer

• A _______ is an electronic device that performs four basic operations: Input, Processing, Output, and Storage

Computer Programmer

• A _________ is an individual who creates computer software • Computer Programing demands discipline, patience, and persistence • __________ must learn special computer languages such as Java because computers do not understand the human language • Computer programing is both an art and a science because every aspect of a program should be carefully designed • Programs rarely work right the first time they are written. It takes a lot of analyzing, experimenting, correcting, and redesigning

Programming Language

• A __________ is a special language used for writing computer programs • Popular ____________ are Java, JavaScript, C++, C# (pronounced C sharp) etc. • ______________________have strict rules and must be followed carefully • Below is a list of programming language names, with descriptions

computer program

• A ___________ is a sequence of instructions stored in the computer's main memory or RAM

What is a Computer Program

• A _______________ is a set of instructions the computer follows in a logical order to perform a specific task • Examples of computer programs are web browsers, word processors, computer games etc. • Below are a list of Java instructions the computer must follow in order to calculate gross pay

Lines and Statements

• A line is a single line that appears in the body of a program • A statement is a complete instruction that causes the computer to perform an action Below is an example of a statement that causes the computer to display a message on the screen • Statements can be a combination of keywords, operators, and programmer defined names • Statements often occupy one line in a program, but may extend more than one line

Programming Language Elements

• All programming languages share certain things in common (elements) • Common programing language elements are Key Words, Operators, Punctuations, Programmer-Defined Names, and Syntax Key Words are reserved words for the programming language that have special meaning. Below is a list of Java keywords

Input Devices

• An ________ is used for entering data into the computer • Common ________ are: keyboards, mice, scanners, digital cameras etc.

Output Devices

• An __________ produces computer data to the outside world in various forms e.g. visual, audio etc. • Common _________ are: the computer monitor, printer, speakers etc.

RAM (Random Access Memory)

• Computer main memory or stores ________ information (data and programs) temporarily while the computer is powered on • Memory is divided into sections that hold an equal amount of data. Each section is made up of eight switches that can be either on or off A switch in the on position represents the digit 1, and a switch in the off position represents digit 0

control unit, and the arithmetic logical unit (ALU)

• Internally, the CPU consists of two parts: the ________________________ .

Applications, and Applets

• Java can be used to create two types of programs: ____________

source code

• Java programming statements written by the programmer are called ________ end with .java

CPU stands for Central Processing Unit

• The ____ is the heart of the computer. Its job is to perform logical decisions and arithmetic operations The _____ fetches instructions (code/programing statements), follows them, and produces results or data

Java

• ____ is a powerful programming language used for creating large and small applications • _____ can run on any computer that has the Java Virtual Machine (explained later) • ________ is an Object Oriented Programming Language Object Oriented Programming Languages use classes, and members (properties and methods) to construct programs

Computer systems

• ________ consist of hardware devices, and software components Computer hardware refers to physical components that make up a computer. Examples of computer hardware components are: the CPU(Central Processing Unit), Main Memory or RAM (Random Access memory), Hard Disk or Solid State Drives, keyboards, mice etc.

Secondary Storage

• ________ devices store data permanently for longer periods of time, even when the computer is powered off • Frequently used programs such as word processors, spreadsheet programs, computer games etc. are stored in secondary memory and then loaded into main memory when launched by the user ex:: the Hard Disk Drive(HDD), Solid State Drive (SSD), External Drive, USB (Universal Serial Bus) drive, CD(Compact Disc), and DVD (Digital Versatile Disc)

Integrated Development Environments IDE

• _________ consists of a text editor, compiler, debugger, and other utilities, for creating programs • A program can be compiled and then executed with the single click of a button • Popular IDE's are JGrasp, Textpad, Eclipse, NetBeans, JCreator, JBuilder etc.

Software

• _____________are programs that run on the computer • _____________ are categorized as Operating Systems and Applications An Operating System manages computer hardware devices and controls their processes/activities Popular OSs are Windows 7, Mac OS, UNIX, and Linux Applications perform specific task on the computer Examples of applications are Word processors, spreadsheets, database management systems(dbms) etc.