Computing Essentials Chapter 7

Blu-ray disc

A method of optical storage for digital data, developed for storing high-definition media. It has the largest storage capacity of all optical storage options.

compact disc (CD)

A method of optical storage for digital data; originally developed for storing digital audio.

Digital versatile disc (DVD)

A storage device used to store data in a digital format.

solid-state storage/flash memory

Data storage technology with no moving mechanical parts that uses large-capacity, nonvolatile memory

sectors

Each track is divided into invisible wedge-shaped sections called

lands

The 1s and 0s are represented by flat areas called

primary storage

The computer's immediate internal memory, RAM and ROM.

USB/ flash drive

These drives conveniently connect directly to a computer's USB port to transfer files

Network Attached Storage (NAS)

a type of file server designed for homes and small businesses, less expensive, easier to set up, and easier to manage than most file servers. However, it does not include powerful management tools and features found in many large-scale file servers.

internal hard disk

able to store and retrieve large quantities of information quickly. They are used to store programs and data files

Storage Area Network (SAN)

an architecture to link remote computer storage devices, such as enterprise storage systems, to computers such that the devices are as available as locally attached drives.

storage devices

are hardware that reads data and programs from storage media. Most also write to storage media.

pits

bumpy areas of disc surface

secondary storage devices

data can be saved after the computer is turned off (Hard disk, floppy disks, CD, DVD, jump drives)

file servers

dedicated computers with very large storage capacities that provide users access to fast storage and retrieval of data.

Solid State Drive (SSD)

designed to be connected inside a personal computer system the same way an internal hard disk would be but contain solid-state memory instead of magnetic disks to store data, faster and more durable than hard disks

Rewritable CD

disc surface is not permanently altered when data is recorded. These changeable, portable storage options are popular for storing and sharing audio, video, and large multimedia presentations.

write-once cd

discs can be written on once. After that, the disc can be read many times but cannot be written on or erased. These discs are ideal for creating permanent archives, such as CD-R, often used for storing family photos, and DVD-R, often used to store home movies.

read-only memory (ROM)

discs that cannot be written on or erased by the user. Optical discs that you buy in a store, such as music CDs, DVD movies, and Blu-ray video games,

mass storage

he tremendous amount of secondary storage required by large organizations

organizational cloud storage

high-speed Internet connection to a dedicated remote storage facility. These facilities contain banks of file servers to offer enormous amounts of storage

optical disks

hold over 128 GB of data,

Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID)

improve performance by expanding external storage, improving access speed, and providing reliable storage. used by internet servers and large organizations

file compression/decompression

increase storage capacity by reducing the amount of space required to store data and programs.

capacity

measures how much a particular storage medium can hold

access speed

measures the amount of time required by the storage device to retrieve data and programs.

head crash

occurs when a read-write head makes contact with the hard disk's surface or with particles on its surface. (scratches)

enterprise storage system

promote efficient and safe use of data across the networks within their organizations

secondary storage

provides permanent or nonvolatile storage.

Optical Disk Drive

reads disks using a laser that projects a tiny beam of light on lands and pits

density

refers to how tightly these charges can be packed next to one another on the disk.

platters

rigid metallic, stacked one on top of another

tracks

rings of concentric circles on the platter

cylinder

runs through each track of a stack of platters, necessary to differentiate files stored on the same track and sector of different platters

flash memory cards

small solid-state storage devices widely used in portable devices

mass storage device

specialized high-capacity secondary storage devices designed to meet organizational demands for data storage

hard disks

store and organize files using tracks, sectors, and cylinders

cloud computing

the Internet acts as a "cloud" of servers that supply applications. provide cloud storage

media

the physical material that holds the data and programs

disk caching

use the same basic technology as internal hard disks and are used primarily to complement an internal hard disk

external hard drive

use the same basic technology as internal hard disks and are used primarily to complement an internal hard disk, easily removed