Concepts exam #1

Knowledge

Focus of safety is on the safe execution skills, as well as on technology and systems level

How many educational credits are required for an RN when renewing their license?

30 credits

Define concepts with application to learning and concept mapping

1. A concept is an organizing principle or a classification of information (limited or complex, building blocks for the foundation of theory) 2.Holistic concept diagrams help visualize the concepts processes along with the interrelated concepts diagrams 3. Concepts=generalities and exemplars= specifics

Mentoring (Nurse-nurse collaboration)

1. A guide 2. A new nurse paired with an experienced nurse

Name four things that will impede therapeutic communication

1. Asking personal questions 2. Giving personal opinions 3. Changing the subject 4. Automatic responses 5. False reassurances 6. Sympathy 7. Asking for explanations 8. Approval or disapprovals 9. Defensive responses 10. Passive or aggressive responses 11. Arguing

Name the interrelated concepts with collaboration:

1. Care coordination 2. Professional identity 3. Ethics 4. Communication 5. Safety 6. Health care Quality

What is Leninger's theory?

1. Culture Care Theory 2. Theory of cultural care diversity and universality 3. Integrates patients' cultural traditions, values and beliefs into care plans 4. middle range Theory (limited in scope less abstract)

What does the social policy of nursing outline?

1. Describes the essence of the profession by discussing nursing as a profession that is both valued within a society and uniquely accountable to that society 2. This foundational ANA publication remains a key resource for nurses both to conceptualize the framework of nursing practice and to provide direction to nursing educators, administrators, and researchers 3. Can also inform other health care professionals

What is Dorothea Orem's theory about?

1. Focuses on patients Self care needs 2. Goal is for patient to manage his or her health problems 3. Grand theory (Broad in scope, complex)

Who is Florence Nightingale?

1. Founder of Modern nursing 2. First Nursing Theory 3. Environmental Theory- nurses should manipulate the environment so the patient heals 4. Improved hygiene and sanitary conditions during the Crimean war

Stakeholders of the nursing code of ethics

1. Guiding principles that all members of the professions accept 2. Collective statement about the group's expectations and standards of behavior 3. ANA established the first code of nursing ethics decades ago 4. Responsibility, accountability, and confidentiality remain constant 5. The ideals, "rights and wrongs," we will use to provide care for our patients 6. The persons with interest or concern in something

Give an example of nurse-nurse collaboration

1. Happens in all levels of nursing and in various types of practice 2. Mentoring and Shared governance

What are the interrelated concepts of leadership?

1. Healthcare organizations 2. Evidence 3. Care coordination 4. Communication 5. Collaboration 6. Health care Quality 7. Ethics

What is Peplau's theory?

1. Interpersonal Theory 2. Focus on the interpersonal relations between nurse, patient, and patient's family 3. Phases: preorientation, orientation, working, resolution 4. Middle range theory (limited in scope less abstract) 5. Mother of psychiatric nursing

Feedback is important in communication because:

1. Is the message a sender receives from the receiver. It indicates whether the receiver understood the meaning of the sender's message 2. occurs continuously between the sender and receiver 3. A sender seeks nonverbal and verbal feedback to evaluate the receiver's response and effectiveness for the communicated message

What is the application of collaboration in nursing practice?

1. Nurse collaborate with patients, families in the development of the plan of care. 2. Nurse also collaborate with members of the healthcare team, functioning as the link between the patient and the team

How are nursing process and nursing theory related?

1. Nurses use theory to provide direction in how to use the nursing process 2. Example: the theory of caring influences what nurses need to asses, how to determine patient needs, how to plan care, how to select individualized nursing interventions, and how to evaluate patient outcomes

What is the purpose of Nursing Theories?

1. Nursing knowledge is derived from basic and nursing sciences, experience, aesthetics, nurses' attitudes, and standards of practice 2. As nursing continues to grow as a practice-oriented profession, new knowledge is needed to prescribe specific interventions to improve patient outcomes 3. A set of interrelated concepts, definitions, or prepositions used to describe, explain, predict, or control human responses or phenomena of interest to nurses

Relation between Nursing theory and Nursing research

1. Research validates, refutes, supports, and/or modifies theory; theory stimulates nurse scientists to explore significant issues in nursing practice, leading to the improvement of nursing care 2. The relationship builds the scientific knowledge base of nursing, which is then applied to practice 3. Sometimes research is used to develop new theories 4. Nurses incorporate research- based interventions into theory-based practice

What is patient centered care?

1. Responsive to the individual patient preferences, needs, and values and ensures that these considerations guide all clinical decisions 2. Treating patients with respect and dignity, focusing on the patient, caring about the patient, and treating the patient the way you like to be treated. Soliciting feedback from the patient and family

Shared governance

1. Shared decision making between staff Ana management that may affect nursing practice and patient care 2. Examples: developed a tool for bed side report, annual picnics for staff

What are the functions of the ANA?

1. The organization lays out standards for all nurses to follow and advance the nursing profession to improve healthcare for all 2. Keep improving healthcare quality and to make sure standards for nurses are changing and improving 3. ANA Code of ethics- made up of 9 provisions. Each provision explains different characteristics and roles a nurse needs in order to be an ethical nurse that gives the best care 4. Protection of the nurses' rights in the workplace is also a huge role of the ANA

Promulgated

1. To promote or make widely known (idea or cause) 2. put (a law or decree) into effect by proclamation

What is the scope of nursing practice defined as in the ANA?

1. Who, what, when, where, why and how of nursing practice 2. Dynamic and continually evolving 3. Characterized by the flexible boundary responsive to the changing needs of society and the expanding knowledge base of applicable theoretical and scientific domains 4. Protection, promotion, and optimization of health abilities, prevention of illness and injury; alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response; and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations

How does a nurse respond to an ethical dilemma?

1. You must be sensitive to to the ethical dimensions of the situation 2. Able to use ethical concepts to analyze and reflect on the ethical conflicts w/in the dilemma 3. Determine an ethically justifiable solution 4. Take action

What is a sentinel event?

1. is usually serious, unexpected events that occur during episodes of care 2. Wrong-site surgery, adverse drug events, patient falls 3. unexpected occurrence involving death or serious physical or psychological injury

Ecchymotic

1.the escape of blood into the tissues from ruptured blood vessels 2. Also applies to the subcutaneous discoloration resulting from seepage of blood within the contused tissue

Autonomy

An essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of independent nursing interventions w/out medical order

What are the 6 standards for nursing practice? (ADIPIE)

Assessment Diagnosis Outcomes Identification Planning Implementation Evaluation Nurse- patient collaboration (Florence nightingale encouraged collaboration with the patient, assessing what is needed or wanted)

Who founded the American Red Cross?

Clara Barton

Nonmaleficence

Directs us to act in ways that avoid harm to others, including even the risk of harm. Avoidance of harm or hurt. A health care professional tries to balance risks and benefits of care while striving at the same time to do the least harm possible

What is a near miss error?

Error of commission or omission that could have harmed a patient, but harm did not occur as a result of chance

Give an example of interprofessional collaboration

Formation of partnership between a team of health providers and a patient in a participatory,collaborative, and coordinated approach to share in decision making of health and social issues

What is an ethical dilemma?

Involves a problem for which in order to do something right you have to do some thing wrong. For Example: Determining whether aggressive treatment at the end of life will cause more harm than benefit

Beneficence

Is an obligation to do good by acting in ways that promote the welfare and best interests of others

What are the functions of the state board of nursing?

It is as state agency whose purpose is to protect the citizens of NM by licensing nurses, regulating education programs for licensees, regulating practice, taking complaints, and discipling licensees that break the law and rules

Concept attributes of safety

Knowledge Skills Safety

Attitudes

Nurses and other health care professionals need to value their roles in safety and collaboration

Skills

Nurses need to use tools to contribute to safer systems

Fidelity

Principle that requires us to act in ways that are loyal. In a role of a nurse, such action includes keeping your promises, doing what is expected of you, performing your duties, and being trustworthy. Most frequent source of conflict for health care professionals

Accountability

Refers to the ability to answer for one's actions. Means that you are responsible professionally and legally for the type and quality of nursing care provided. Must remain current and competent in nursing and scientific knowledge and technical skills

Advocacy

Refers to the support of a particular cause. As a patient advocate you protect your patient's human and legal rights and provide assistance in asserting these rights if the need arises. You act on behalf of the patient and secure your patient's healthcare rights

Responsibility

Refers to the willingness to respect one's professional obligations and to follow through. With increased autonomy comes greater responsibility and accountability

What does SOLER stand for?

S- Sit facing the patient O- Observe and open posture L- Lean towards the patient E- Establish and maintain eye contact R- Relax

Example of a near miss error

The patient received a contraindicating drug but did not experience an adverse drug reaction

All RNs that have a license must do what to demonstrate competency?

provide educational credits to board of nursing for re-licensure