CONCEPTS OF DEMOGRAPHY

Population

is a collection of persons alive at a specified point in time who meet certain criteria

Median age

is the age that divides a population into two numerically equally sized groups - that is, half the people are younger than this age and half are older. It is a single index that summarizes the age distribution of a population

Absolute Increase per year

measures the number of people that are added to the population per year

Distribution

the specific geographic location

vital statistics data

typically collected continuously and summarized on an annual basis

'demography

- 'description of the people' - study of the size, territorial distribution, and composition of population, changes therein. - uses a series of mathematical tools to investigate how populations respond to changes.

Urban - Rural Distribution

- illustrates the proportion of the people living in urban compared to the rural areas.

Age distribution

- also called Age Composition, in population studies, the proportionate numbers of persons in successive age categories in a given population. - A population with persistently high fertility, for instance, has a large proportion of children and a small proportion of aged persons.

Age and Sex Composition

- composition of population according to age and/or sex - universal characteristics of human populations are fundamental to understanding demographic processes of fertility, mortality and migration. - depicted at the same time using a population pyramid

deals of recordings of vital events

- defined as the difference between live births and deaths in a specified period of time - natural inc (specified date)= no. of births (specified yr) - no. of deaths (specified yr)

Dependency ratio

- is an age-population ratio of those typically not in the labor force (the dependent part ages 0 to 14 and 65+) and those typically in the labor force (the productive part ages 15 to 64). - It is used to measure the pressure on the productive population.

Crowding Index

- is an alternative measure of household crowding. - It is defined as the number of usual residents in a dwelling divided by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Population density

- is calculated as population divided by total land area. It is the people per sq. km of land area.

Relative Increase

- is the actual differences between the two census counts expressed in percent relative to the population size made during an earlier census - Also known as the population growth rate - it measures the average yearly percentage change over the same time frame.

Population Distribution

- means the pattern of where people live. - It denotes the spatial pattern due to dispersal of population, formation of agglomeration and linear spread.

Sex composition

- one of the basic demographic characteristics, which is extremely vital for any meaningful demographic analysis. - largely reflects the underlying socioeconomic and cultural patterns of a society in different ways - The sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population

Population pyramid

- the size of the population under investigation is depicted on the horizontal axis, and age is aligned on the vertical axis.

Census

- usually conducted by a national government and attempts to enumerate every person in a country - typically occur only every 10 years or so - A is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population.

Population projections

-a common demographic tool. - They provide a basis for other statistical projections, helping governments in their decision making.

Population size

Refers to the number of people in a given place at a given time. Characteristics of population as to age, sex, occupation or educational level is Population Composition.

Developing countries

__________ typically have higher RNI values as they have limited infrastructure and access to healthcare

Rate of natural increase (RNI)

a statistic calculated by subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate of a given region in a specified period of time. This rate gives the public health nurse an idea of how a certain country's population is growing.

De Facto Census

allocates them to the place where enumerated—normally where they spend the night of the day enumerated.

Sample Survey

data gathered from small number of people proportionate to the general population

Registration System

deals of recordings of vital events

De Jure Census

tallies people according to their regular or legal residence