Connect 3

Place the structures of the vascular tunic in order from anterior to posterior.

1. iris 2. ciliary body 3. choroid

Order these structures from superficial to deep. Start with the outermost structure first.

1. sclera 2. choroid 3. pigmented layer of retina 4. neural layer of retina

Each eye has ______ lacrimal puncta.

2

Which are true of rods?

There are more than 100 million rod cells per eye. They function well in dim light.

Which cavity of the eyeball is divided into an anterior and posterior chamber?

anterior cavity

What type of fluid is found in the anterior cavity of the eyeball?

aqueous

What disorder is caused by unequal curvatures of the lens and cornea?

asigmatism

Which are the characteristics of the cornea?

avascular and transparent

In the light, ______ cells are no longer inhibited and therefore release the neurotransmitter glutamate.

bipolar

The process is called the bleaching reaction because rhodopsin goes from a ______ color to ______.

bluish-purple; colorless

What is the largest structure of the vascular tunic?

choroid

What structure is filled with pigment from melanocytes?

choroid

Which structure of the eye absorbs light to prevent it from scattering within the eye?

choroid

Aqueous humor is secreted by the ______.

ciliary processes

Prior to being stimulated by light, the retinal portion of rhodopsin is in a bent twisted shape called ____-retinal.

cis

What type of receptor detects color?

cones

True or false: Astigmatism is also called farsightedness.

false

hypertropia

farsightedness

The external layer of the eyeball is the ______ tunic.

fibrous

The lens is ______ when we are viewing faraway objects.

flattened

Light causes the photoreceptor plasma membranes to ______.

hyperpolarize

Tears are created by the _____ apparatus.

lacrimal

The lacrimal apparatus produces, collects, and drains _____ fluid.

lacrimal

The nasolacrimal duct is found on the ______ side of the nose.

lateral

The parasympathetic nervous system controls ______.

light coming in

Lacrimal fluid prevents bacterial infection because it contains an antibacterial enzyme called

lysozyme

Accommodation is the process of making the lens ______.

more spherical

myopia

nearsightedness

emmetropia

normal vision

A lack of photoreceptors in this structure creates the "blind spot"?

optic disc

Accommodation is controlled by the ______ division of the nervous system.

parasympathetic

The sphincter pupillae is controlled by the ______ division of the nervous system.

parasympathetic

In phototransduction, the _____ responds to light stimulation by changing its resting membrane potential, resulting in a change in the neurotransmitter it releases.

photoreceptor

The process by which photoreceptors become activated when the photopigments are altered by light entering the eye is ______.

phototransduction

Each type of photoreceptor has both an outer segment that extends into the ______ layer of the retina and an inner segment.

pigmented

Aqueous humor is secreted into the ______ chamber before traveling to the _____ chamber of the eye.

posterior, anterior

The dissociation of ______ into its two components is called the bleaching reaction.

rhodopsin

What structure makes up the posterior 5/6 of the fibrous tunic?

sclera

Which part of the eye is an attachment site for extrinsic eye muscles?

sclera

Where is the lacrimal gland located?

superior and lateral to the eye

Upon exposure to light, the retinal straightens out and reconfigures into a form called ______-retinal.

trans

Presbyopia occurs when the ______ loses elasticity.

lens

The iris controls the size of the ______.

pupil

The black hole in the eye is called the _____ and it is surrounded by the colorful ______.

pupil, iris

What structure is the "white" of the eye?

sclera

The cornea is ______.

transparent

The vascular tunic of the eye is also called the ______.

uvea

Which layer of the eye contains the blood and lymph vessels?

vascular tunic

In the eye, the ______ humor is gelatinous.

vitreous

The fovea centralis lies ______ the macula lutea.

within

The segment of each photoreceptor that is composed of hundreds of discs containing photopigments that are capable of absorbing light energy is the ______ segment.

outer

Order that tears flow through these structures.

1. Lacrimal puncta 2. Lacrimal canaliculus 3. Lacrimal sac 4. Nasolacrimal duct

The lens is ______ when we are viewing close-up objects.

rounded

The sphincter pupillae ______ the pupil.

constricts

Which are a part of the fibrous tunic?

cornea and sclera

The optic disc is associated with ______.

cranial nerve II

Where are photoreceptors located?

in the neural layer of the retina

The retina is the ______ layer of the eye wall.

internal

What structure is the dividing line between the anterior and posterior chambers?

iris

An aging person would need to start wearing reading glasses if they suffer from ______.

presbyopia

As tears drain through the lacrimal caruncle, they enter small holes called the lacrimal

puncta