Construction

Butterfly roof

A butterfly roof (sometimes called a V roof or London roof) is a form of roof characterised by an inversion of a standard roof form, with two roof surfaces sloping down from opposing edges to a valley near the middle of the roof. It is so called because its shape resembles a butterfly's wings.

Flat Roof

A flat roof is a roof which is almost level in contrast to the many types of sloped roofs. The slope of a roof is properly known as its pitch and flat roofs have up to approximately 10°. Flat roofs are an ancient form mostly used in arid climates and allow the roof space to be used as a living space or a living roof.

Gambrel Roof

A gambrel or gambrel roof is a usually symmetrical two-sided roof with two slopes on each side. (The usual architectural term in eighteenth-century England and North America was "Dutch roof.") The upper slope is positioned at a shallow angle, while the lower slope is steep.

Hip Roof

A hip roof, hip-roof or hipped roof, is a type of roof where all sides slope downwards to the walls, usually with a fairly gentle slope (although a tented roof by definition is a hipped roof with steeply pitched slopes rising to a peak). Thus a hipped roof house has no gables or other vertical sides to the roof.

Roof Trusses

A timber roof truss is a structural framework of timbers designed to bridge the space above a room and to provide support for a roof. Trusses usually occur at regular intervals, linked by longitudinal timbers such as purlins. The space between each truss is known as a bay.

Common Rafters

Common rafters without collar beams form most of this roof. There is not always a ridge board or beam where the rafter tops meet. Under the midsections of the rafters are purlins which support the common rafters and are supported by principal rafters. This roof ends in an octagonal hip.

Framing Square

Definition of framing square. : a large carpenter's square graduated with scales typically for use in cutting off and notching (as rafters or stair joists)

Fink Truss

Fink truss, Belgian truss, French truss. A symmetrical truss, esp. used in supporting large sloping roofs; in the form of three isosceles triangles—one in the center with its base along the horizontal tie, and each of the outer two having its base along the sloping sides of an upper chord.

Collar Ties

Image result for collar ties A collar tie is a tension tie in the upper third of opposing gable rafters that is intended to resist rafter separation from the ridge beam during periods of unbalanced loads, such as that caused by wind uplift, or unbalanced roof loads from snow.

Birds Mouth

In light frame construction, a birdsmouth joint or bird's beak cut is a woodworking joint that is generally used to connect a roof rafter to the top plate of a supporting wall.

Hypotenuse

Longest side of the triangle

Common Difference

The common difference is the difference between two numbers in an arithmetic sequence. Keep reading for a detailed definition, the formula for determining the common difference, and some example problems.

King Post Truss

a central vertical post used in architectural or bridge designs, working in tension to support a beam below from a truss apex above (whereas a crown post, though visually similar, supports items above from the beam below).

Purlin

a horizontal beam along the length of a roof, resting on a main rafter and supporting the common rafters or boards.

Ridge

a long narrow hilltop, mountain range, or watershed.

Mansard Roof

a roof that has four sloping sides, each of which becomes steeper halfway down.

Gable Roof

a roof with two sloping sides and a gable at each end.

Hip Jack

a short rafter: a : one of the shorter rafters used in a hip or valley roof. b : a secondary roof timber (as a common rafter resting on purlins); also : one of the pieces simulating extended rafters under the eaves in some styles of building.

Camber

a slightly convex or arched shape of a road or other horizontal surface.

Lookouts

a view over a landscape.

Dormer

a window that projects vertically from a sloping roof.

Fascia

a wooden board or other flat piece of material such as that covering the ends of rafters.

Extended Rake

an extended cost is the unit cost multiplied by the number of those items that were purchased.

Cornice

an ornamental molding around the wall of a room just below the ceiling.

Rise

move from a lower position to a higher one; come or go up.

Rafters

one of several internal beams extending from the eaves to the peak of a roof and constituting its framework

Dead Load

the intrinsic weight of a structure or vehicle, excluding the weight of passengers or goods.

Hip Rafters

the rafter extending from the wall plate to the ridge and forming the angle of a hip roof.

Roof

the structure forming the upper covering of a building or vehicle.

Live Load

the weight of people or goods in a building or vehicle.

Cripple Jack

valley cripple jack extends between two valley rafters in the long and short valley rafter method of framing. A hip-valley cripple jack extends from a hip rafter to a valley rafter.