Content Quiz Final Exam

Why use low-fidelity physical models?

• Communicate design ideas • Explore different design options • Identify strengths & weaknesses of different design ideas • Gather feedback from your boss/client/user

What is a low fidelity prototype?

A rough approximation of the final product

What is the "Triple Bottom Line?"

People + Planet + Profit A means of achieving sustainability through design

What Arduino senor measures light output.

Photoresistor

What are the 3 types of engineering models?

Physical model Mathematical model Visual model

In the Weed Wacker video, which of the following was a quantified independent variable?

Linear density of the various lines tested

According to the design project's Request for Proposal, which of the following are known about the Sustainable Shepherds Residence? Select all that apply.

Most homes have one or two rooms, Space heating is often generated by burning coal

You are building a circuit to power and control six LEDs using an Arduino. Why can't you just put all six in series?

Not enough voltage

In the Concrete Lab, which of the following was an uncontrollable input?

Precision of the compression tester

What is an assumption?

Preliminary decisions need to be made even though specific information is not available

While preparing your wind turbine test plan, which quantities could you enter into your data tables before you collected experimental data?

Number of blades, Blade length

Which of the following is true of broader impacts?

Often considers the 3 P's of plant, people, and profit, Some design choices can have multiple broader impacts, Different stakeholders might have different broader impacts in mind for a given project

What is a physical model?

Often in a simpler & idealized way

What does excel follow for formulas?

PEMDAS

orthographic drawing

the top view, front view, and right view of a 3D figure

hidden lines

used to represent features that cannot be seen in the current view

What is added to formulas to make a row or column not change

$

Imagine that you poured 230 ml of dirty water into your water filter, and it required 204.67 seconds to filter 154 ml of water. What is the volumetric flow rate of your filter in ml/s? Enter your answer using the correct number of significant figures.

0.75ml/s

How do you show hidden lines on a ONSHAPE drawing?

right click on your object and select show hidden lines.

What voltage, in millivolts, would your wind turbine need to achieve to produce 1 milliwatt of power? Assume your resistor is 1 kΩ. Enter digits only; do not include units in your answer.

1000

Imagine that your 3D printed blade was 5 cm3 in volume, and it took 90 minutes to print. At what rate, in terms of cubic millimeters per hour, did the 3D printer build your blade? Round your answer to the nearest whole number. Enter digits only; do not include units in your answer

3333

If you do not submit an assignment on time, how much credit will you receive if you submit the assignment within one week after the deadline?

50%

Imagine that you've crushed a 2" x 2" x 2" concrete cube using the compression tester in the Concrete Lab. The peak load displayed is 3,200 pounds. What is the compressive strength in psi?

800

What do Excel formulas begin with?

=

What is true about dimensioning holes and curves?

A circular hole should be dimensioned as a diameter, A fillet should be dimensioned as a radius

How do you have a AutoCAD or Onshape drawing?

A-size sheet

Consider the following design considerations related to the Leveraged Freedom Chair. Identify 3 that could serve as CONSTRAINTS.

All components are to be repairable by common tools (e.g., wrench, screwdriver, etc.), The chair cannot be priced above $200, The chair is to fit through a standard doorway

What is solder?

An alloy of tin and lead used to join wires

Bubble diagram

An initial layout of a site, Annotation

Proper citations (as you would include them in a report) typically include which of the following?

Author, Date/year, Article Title, Journal title

What are some of the special formulas within excel?

Average, Sqrt, and convert, min, max

What is a good assumption?

Be based on best-available information, Avoid the obvious

For Milestone 1 (site plan), which stakeholder and the stakeholders' associated influence on design decisions is most relevant?

Butchers - need easy access to transport goats

Which of the following are true about low-fidelity prototypes?

Can be used during the ideation phase of the design process, Are inexpensive and easy to iterate on

What is true about line types in AutoCAD.

Centerlines extend slightly past object lines

What is a high-fidelity prototype?

Closely represent the final product

What are the 3 C's of the entrepreneurial mindset?

Curiosity, Connections, and Creating Value

According to our course's engineering design model, from which 3 sources should we be collecting research during the problem framing phase?

Experts on the subject, Stakeholders impacted by the problem, Publications relevant to the problem

Annotation

Explanation (e.g., how it works, how it attaches to another part)

You are controlling an LED using an Arduino and programming it to fade on and off. You are using an analogWrite function to control the voltage. Which pin on the Arduino should you use to control your LED?

Digital pin 11

What three items should a need statement identify?

Direct user, Deliverable's function, Deliverable's form

If you cannot attend your Foundations of Design 1 class, what should you do to avoid an unexcused absence?

Email your instructor at least 30 minutes before the start of class

Why is "hard-coding" a variable's value (i.e., typing in a number directly, not using cell referencing) into an Excel equation a bad idea?

Equations don't automatically update if a variable changes, You will have to re-do equations to include an updated value, The variable might not be obvious if someone else uses your Excel dataset

What do markers in a scatter chart represent?

Experimentally collected data

For team project assignments, you will receive the same grade as all of your teammates. True or False?

False

Identify the dependent variables you recorded in the Water Filter Lab.

Filter time, Quantity of filtered water, Water clarity

Imagine that you want to change the dimension style in your AutoCAD drawing from decimals to feet & inches. What are the steps?

Format, Change Decimal to Architectural, Modify, Unit Format, Dimension Style,

What are the stages of teaming?

Forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning

What is a important step in the design process?

Getting feedback

What are dashed lines in AutoCAD

Hidden Lines

Label

Identifier (e.g., material type, part name)

What is true about visual models?

Include CAD drawings, Include hand sketches, Can allow for design options to be explored at a low cost

When displaying technical data in Excel tables, which of the following are good suggestions?

Include borders to visually separate headers and data, Format values such that percentages, dollar values, etc. are displayed appropriately

In terms of mathematical modeling, regression is a method to try to find an underlying function to describe the relationship between ____________ and ____________ variables.

Independent, Dependent

what are the 5 steps of the design process?

Problem Framing Conceptual design Design models Experimental Design Comprehensive design

If a single water filter was tested to determine if it was able to produce water with a clarity of 98% or above, what type of test would this be?

Prototype performance

How would you mark a half circle vs a full circle in AutoCAD

Radius for incomplete circles diameter for full circles`

In which file type must you save your 3D model in Onshape to prepare it for printing with a Creality Ender 3?

STL

Key drawing components

Scale dimensions units drawing/part name author name date

By which 3 dimensions are we evaluating the importance/relevance of stakeholders?

Severity, Utility, Capability

How to evaluate stakeholders

Severity, utility, capability

You are designing a water bottle for hikers and are using Functional Decomposition for concept generation. Which of the following would be an appropriate feature to use as one of your categories?

Shapes, Ways to dispense liquid, Ways to fill bottle

Model

Shows system essentials & hides nonessential details, Label

Which of the following are expectations for teammates?

Teammates are aware of one another's strengths and weaknesses, Teammates are dependent on each other, but also have individual responsibilities

For Milestone 1 (site plan), which is an appropriate broader impact?

The SSR will inspire others to live more sustainably

"Clean Water and Sanitation" is one of 17 key focal points, as noted by which call to action?

The United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals

For Milestone 1 (site plan), which is an appropriate assumption?

The assumption is that the creek may flood in the future.

Which of the following could be red flags (e.g., signs something isn't quite right) concerning a source's reliability?

The author has no credentials in the paper's topic, The research study was sponsored by an organization that would gain favorable press due to the article's findings

What 3 items should a need statement include?

The deliverable that is being produced (the form), The purpose the deliverable serves (the function), Who receives the deliverable (the direct user)

isometric drawing

The drawing of a 3d object that shows a corner view of a figure. it is not drawn in perspective and the distances are not distorted.

How are breadboards electrically connected?

The middle is connected by rows while the edges are connected by columns.

A solar energy company has designed a new way to arrange solar panels for use in forested landscapes. The design uses existing technology for capturing solar energy, but improves on energy storage on site. Which of the following statements is a viable broader impact for this company's new design?

The new design opens up new market space for people located in areas not traditionally considered for solar panels, thus bringing solar energy to new clients, The new design will increase solar production, allowing for a decrease in the reliance on fossil fuels for energy

Consider the following design considerations related to the Leveraged Freedom Chair. Identify 3 that could serve as EVALUATION METRICS.

The number of necessary repairs per year are to be kept to a minimum, The user's required effort is to be minimized, The chair's speed is to be maximized

For Milestone 1 (site plan), which is an appropriate constraint?

The path should be 4 feet wide to allow two people to pass each other

What is cell referencing?

The selection of another cell in a formula

For Milestone 1 (site plan), which is an appropriate evaluation metric?

The size of the farm plot should be maximized to allow the family to grow more crops

To shoot the OK Go "The One Moment" video, which of the items below was NOT critical to the timing?

The times at which the band members landed on the beds

What does it mean to "create value" as an engineer? Select the answer that best applies.

To create a design that fills a gap for a client and meets/exceeds customer needs

Why is it a good idea to ask your client questions?

To gain a better understanding of how to meet their needs, To determine if your design has met their needs, To demonstrate to your client that you are focused on meeting their needs, To build a positive working relationship with your client

What should always be included on your designs?

UNITS

Match each electrical quantity with its associated base unit. Power Voltage Resistance

Watts Volts Ohms

When using Pugh's Method for concept reduction, which of the following are true?

Weighting must total 100, Scores can range from -2 to +2, The highest total score should be considered as your top choice

For a wind turbine scatter chart, which of the following would be an acceptable chart title?

Wind Turbine Performance with 150 mm Blades

Imagine that you've collected your small-scale wind turbine test data and have plotted wind speed vs. turbine power. If your coefficient of determination is 0.50, what does this mean?

Your regression function explains 50% of the variation seen in the data

What is a stakeholder?

any group or individual who can affect or is affected by the achievement of the organization's objectives

An Arduino program has been written defining the variable ledPIN as an output. You now want to turn on the LED connected to ledPIN. What line of code will accomplish this?

digitalWrite(ledPIN,HIGH)

Always draw models in_____________ scale when in AutoCAD

full

What is a evaluation metric

guidelines to help determine design options.

"Recognize an opportunity" is the first iterative phase of the design process used in this course. What are the remaining four iterative phases?

ideate, create, analyze, communicate a solution

What is a a constraint?

limitation or restriction

Types of models

physical, mathematical, visual