Cost of Capital Test
13. The dividend growth model: A. is only as reliable as the estimated rate of growth. B. can only be used if historical dividend information is available. C. considers the risk that future dividends may vary from their estimated values. D. applies only when a firm is currently paying dividends. E. uses beta to measure the systematic risk of a firm.
A
16. The pre-tax cost of debt: A. is based on the current yield to maturity of the firm's outstanding bonds. B. is equal to the coupon rate on the latest bonds issued by a firm. C. is equivalent to the average current yield on all of a firm's outstanding bonds. D. is based on the original yield to maturity on the latest bonds issued by a firm. E. has to be estimated as it cannot be directly observed in the market.
A
19. The cost of preferred stock: A. is equal to the dividend yield. B. is equal to the yield to maturity. C. is highly dependent on the dividend growth rate. D. is independent of the stock's price. E. decreases when tax rates increase.
A
25. Which one of the following statements is correct for a firm that uses debt in its capital structure? A. The WACC should decrease as the firm's debt-equity ratio increases. B. When computing the WACC, the weight assigned to the preferred stock is based on the coupon rate multiplied by the par value of the preferred. C. The firm's WACC will decrease as the corporate tax rate decreases. D. The weight of the common stock used in the computation of the WACC is based on the number of shares outstanding multiplied by the book value per share. E. The WACC will remain constant unless a firm retires some of its debt.
A
30. Assigning discount rates to individual projects based on the risk level of each project: A. may cause the firm's overall weighted average cost of capital to either increase or decrease over time. B. will prevent the firm's overall cost of capital from changing over time. C. will cause the firm's overall cost of capital to decrease over time. D. decreases the value of the firm over time. E. negates the firm's goal of creating the most value for the shareholders.
A
1. A group of individuals got together and purchased all of the outstanding shares of common stock of DL Smith, Inc. What is the return that these individuals require on this investment called? A. dividend yield B. cost of equity C. capital gains yield D. cost of capital E. income return
B
17. The aftertax cost of debt generally increases when: I. a firm's bond rating increases. II. the market rate of interest increases. III. tax rates decrease. IV. bond prices rise. A. I and III only B. II and III only C. I, II, and III only D. II, III, and IV only E. I, II, III, and IV
B
20. The capital structure weights used in computing the weighted average cost of capital: A. are based on the book values of total debt and total equity. B. are based on the market value of the firm's debt and equity securities. C. are computed using the book value of the long-term debt and the book value of equity. D. remain constant over time unless the firm issues new securities. E. are restricted to the firm's debt and common stock.
B
24. The weighted average cost of capital for a firm is the: A. discount rate which the firm should apply to all of the projects it undertakes. B. rate of return a firm must earn on its existing assets to maintain the current value of its stock. C. coupon rate the firm should expect to pay on its next bond issue. D. minimum discount rate the firm should require on any new project. E. rate of return shareholders should expect to earn on their investment in this firm.
B
37. The flotation cost for a firm is computed as: A. the arithmetic average of the flotation costs of both debt and equity. B. the weighted average of the flotation costs associated with each form of financing. C. the geometric average of the flotation costs associated with each form of financing. D. one-half of the flotation cost of debt plus one-half of the flotation cost of equity. E. a weighted average based on the book values of the firm's debt and equity.
B
11. The cost of equity for a firm: A. tends to remain static for firms with increasing levels of risk. B. increases as the unsystematic risk of the firm increases. C. ignores the firm's risks when that cost is based on the dividend growth model. D. equals the risk-free rate plus the market risk premium. E. equals the firm's pretax weighted average cost of capital.
C
10. A firm's overall cost of equity is: A. is generally less that the firm's WACC given a leveraged firm. B. unaffected by changes in the market risk premium. C. highly dependent upon the growth rate and risk level of the firm. D. generally less than the firm's aftertax cost of debt. E. inversely related to changes in the firm's tax rate.
C
14. Which one of the following statements related to the SML approach to equity valuation is correct? Assume the firm uses debt in its capital structure. A. This model considers a firm's rate of growth. B. The model applies only to non-dividend paying firms. C. The model is dependent upon a reliable estimate of the market risk premium. D. The model generally produces the same cost of equity as the dividend growth model. E. This approach generally produces a cost of equity that equals the firm's overall cost of capital.
C
2. Textile Mills borrows money at a rate of 13.5 percent. This interest rate is referred to as the: A. compound rate. B. current yield. C. cost of debt. D. capital gains yield. E. cost of capital.
C
21. Morris Industries has a capital structure of 55 percent common stock, 10 percent preferred stock, and 45 percent debt. The firm has a 60 percent dividend payout ratio, a beta of 0.89, and a tax rate of 38 percent. Given this, which one of the following statements is correct? A. The aftertax cost of debt will be greater than the current yield-to-maturity on the firm's bonds. B. The firm's cost of preferred is most likely less than the firm's actual cost of debt. C. The firm's cost of equity is unaffected by a change in the firm's tax rate. D. The cost of equity can only be estimated using the SML approach. E. The firm's weighted average cost of capital will remain constant as long as the capital structure remains constant.
C
31. Which one of the following statements is correct? A. Firms should accept low risk projects prior to funding high risk projects. B. Making subjective adjustments to a firm's WACC when determining project discount rates unfairly punishes low-risk divisions within a firm. C. A project that is unacceptable today might be acceptable tomorrow given a change in market returns. D. The pure play method is most frequently used for projects involving the expansion of a firm's current operations. E. Firms that elect to use the pure play method for determining a discount rate for a project cannot subjectively adjust the pure play rate.
C
6. The weighted average cost of capital for a wholesaler: A. is equivalent to the aftertax cost of the firm's liabilities. B. should be used as the required return when analyzing a potential acquisition of a retail outlet. C. is the return investors require on the total assets of the firm. D. remains constant when the debt-equity ratio changes. E. is unaffected by changes in corporate tax rates.
C
18. The cost of preferred stock is computed the same as the: A. pre-tax cost of debt. B. return on an annuity. C. aftertax cost of debt. D. return on a perpetuity. E. cost of an irregular growth common stock.
D
38. Incorporating flotation costs into the analysis of a project will: A. cause the project to be improperly evaluated. B. increase the net present value of the project. C. increase the project's rate of return. D. increase the initial cash outflow of the project. E. have no effect on the present value of the project.
D
8. Scholastic Toys is considering developing and distributing a new board game for children. The project is similar in risk to the firm's current operations. The firm maintains a debt-equity ratio of 0.40 and retains all profits to fund the firm's rapid growth. How should the firm determine its cost of equity? A. by adding the market risk premium to the aftertax cost of debt B. by multiplying the market risk premium by (1 - 0.40) C. by using the dividend growth model D. by using the capital asset pricing model E. by averaging the costs based on the dividend growth model and the capital asset pricing model
D
7. Which one of the following is the primary determinant of a firm's cost of capital? A. debt-equity ratio B. applicable tax rate C. cost of equity D. cost of debt E. use of the funds
E
12. The dividend growth model can be used to compute the cost of equity for a firm in which of the following situations? I. firms that have a 100 percent retention ratio II. firms that pay a constant dividend III. firms that pay an increasing dividend IV. firms that pay a decreasing dividend A. I and II only B. I and III only C. II and III only D. I, II, and III only E. II, III, and IV only
E
15. Which of the following statements are correct? I. The SML approach is dependent upon a reliable measure of a firm's unsystematic risk. II. The SML approach can be applied to firms that retain all of their earnings. III. The SML approach assumes a firm's future risks are similar to its past risks. IV. The SML approach assumes the reward-to-risk ratio is constant. A. I and III only B. II and IV only C. III and IV only D. I, II, and III only E. II, III, and IV only
E
22. The aftertax cost of debt: A. varies inversely to changes in market interest rates. B. will generally exceed the cost of equity if the relevant tax rate is zero. C. will generally equal the cost of preferred if the tax rate is zero. D. is unaffected by changes in the market rate of interest. E. has a greater effect on a firm's cost of capital when the debt-equity ratio increases.
E
23. The weighted average cost of capital for a firm may be dependent upon the firm's: I. rate of growth. II. debt-equity ratio. III. preferred dividend payment. IV. retention ratio. A. I and III only B. II and IV only C. I, II, and IV only D. I, III, and IV only E. I, II, III, and IV
E
26. If a firm uses its WACC as the discount rate for all of the projects it undertakes then the firm will tend to: I. reject some positive net present value projects. II. accept some negative net present value projects. III. favor high risk projects over low risk projects. IV. increase its overall level of risk over time. A. I and III only B. III and IV only C. I, II, and III only D. I, II, and IV only E. I, II, III, and IV
E
28. Markley and Stearns is a multi-divisional firm that uses its WACC as the discount rate for all proposed projects. Each division is in a separate line of business and each presents risks unique to those lines. Given this, a division within the firm will tend to: A. receive less project funding if its line of business is riskier than that of the other divisions. B. avoid risky projects so it can receive more project funding. C. become less risky over time based on the projects that are accepted. D. have equal probability of receiving funding as compared to the other divisions. E. prefer higher risk projects over lower risk projects.
E
29. The discount rate assigned to an individual project should be based on: A. the firm's weighted average cost of capital. B. the actual sources of funding used for the project. C. an average of the firm's overall cost of capital for the past five years. D. the current risk level of the overall firm. E. the risks associated with the use of the funds required by the project.
E
3. The average of a firm's cost of equity and aftertax cost of debt that is weighted based on the firm's capital structure is called the: A. reward to risk ratio. B. weighted capital gains rate. C. structured cost of capital. D. subjective cost of capital. E. weighted average cost of capital.
E
36. When a firm has flotation costs equal to 7 percent of the funding need, project analysts should: A. increase the project's discount rate to offset these expenses by multiplying the firm's WACC by 1.07. B. increase the project's discount rate to offset these expenses by dividing the firm's WACC by (1 - 0.07). C. add 7 percent to the firm's WACC to get the discount rate for the project. D. increase the initial project cost by multiplying that cost by 1.07. E. increase the initial project cost by dividing that cost by (1 - 0.07).
E
5. A firm's cost of capital: A. will decrease as the risk level of the firm increases. B. for a specific project is primarily dependent upon the source of the funds used for the project. C. is independent of the firm's capital structure. D. should be applied as the discount rate for any project considered by the firm. E. depends upon how the funds raised are going to be spent.
E
9. All else constant, which one of the following will increase a firm's cost of equity if the firm computes that cost using the security market line approach? Assume the firm currently pays an annual dividend of $1 a share and has a beta of 1.2. A. a reduction in the dividend amount B. an increase in the dividend amount C. a reduction in the market rate of return D. a reduction in the firm's beta E. a reduction in the risk-free rate
E
