Cow Eye Lab Practical

Describe how what you see can impact other human body systems. Provide at least five specific examples of how your communication with the outside world through your eyes initiates a response in another body system.

1.) if you see things that are stressful then your nervous system will give off bad neurotransmitters 2.) If you see that you are under water, your respiratory system will not breath. 3.) If you see a harmful insect your muscular system swat or run 4.) If you see something disgusting your digestive system will throw up 5.) If you are emotional your hormones from your endocrine system will kick in.

Lens

A clear flexible structure that makes an image on the eyes retina. This is flexible so that it can change shape, focusing on objects that are close up and far away.

Aqueous Humor

A clear fluid that helps the cornea keep its shape. It is made out of protein and water.

Iris

A muscle that controls how much light enters the eye. It is suspended between the cornea and the lens. Cows is brown.

Sclera

A thick thought white outer covering of the eyeball

Vitreous Humor

A thick, clear jelly that helps give the eyeball its shape

Cornea

A tough, clear covering over the iris and the pupil that helps protect the eye. Light bends as it passes through this. This is the first step in making an image on the retina. It begins bending light to make an imagine, the lens finishes the job.

Is the response of your pupil a reflex or a voluntary action? Describe how this response is controlled by the nervous system.

It is a reflex. The pupil constricts when the circular muscle, controlled by the PNS contracts.

Pupil

Located in the dark circle in the center of your iris. It is a hole that lets light into your eye. ( cows is oval while humans in round )

How does light travel through your eye?

Reflected light first travels through your cornea. The light then shines through your pupil. Then it shines through your lens. It bends the light then passes it on to the retina. This then travels through through the blind spot to the optic nerve and to the brain.

Optic Nerve

The bundle of nerve fibers that carry information from the retina to the brain.

Tapetum

The colorful, shiny material located behind the retina. It is found in animals with night vision.

Describe two ways in which the cow eye and the human eye differ? How are these differences linked to function?

The cow eye has a tapetum while the humans do not. Humans are not nocturnal, therefore they do not need to see in the dark. Cows have oval shaped pupils while humans have circle shaped pupils. Cows have the eyes on the sides of their heads, so they need larger pupils in order to help not seeing 360 degrees.

Blind Spot

The place where the optic nerve leaves the retina. This is where there are no light sensitive cells.

Retina

This layer of light sensitive cells at the back of the eye. This detects images focused by the cornea and the lens. It is connected to the brain by the optic nerve.

The order of the structures through which light passes to get to the optic nerve...

cornea, ah, pupil, lens, vh, retina

How do cows move their eyes?

they can only look up down left right, only four muscles for that.