CPT-PREP U (5)

Which of the following actions takes place in the sagittal plane? A. Dorsiflexion of the ankle B. Pronation of the forearm C. Opposition of the thumb D. Depression of the scapulae

A. Dorsiflexion of the ankle

Which sport is performed primarily in the aerobic-oxidation system? A. Cycling B. 100-meter swim C. Gymnastics D. 200- to 440-meter dash

A. Cycling

To measure progress toward goals, reassessments should be performed: A. After approximately 4 to 6 weeks to better reflect a training effect. B. As frequently as possible to elicit intrinsic motivation. C. On a weekly basis to measure steady progress. D. When the client needs to improve upon exercise adherence.

A. After approximately 4 to 6 weeks to better reflect a training effect.

A client who states that he or she can participate confidently in an exercise program: A. Has good self-efficacy related to exercise. B. Is in the contemplation stage of behavior change. C. Has very strong self-esteem. D. Is intrinsically motivated.

A. Has good self-efficacy related to exercise.

Which of the following provides emotional support for a new client? A. Having family and friends encourage regular attendance B. Showing baseline and progress toward goals frequently C. Having family members assist in achieving short-term goals D. Providing praise and reward when possible

A. Having family and friends encourage regular attendance

Clients will have an understanding of their risk factors based on what theory of behavior change? A. Health belief model B. Social cognitive theory C. Transtheoretical model of change D. Theory of planned behavior

A. Health belief model

Which evaluation form does a client sign to acknowledge that he or she has been educated about and understands the risks associated with being active? A. Informed Consent B. Exercise History and Attitude Questionnaire C. Medical Release D. Agreement of Release of Liability Waiver

A. Informed Consent

Syncope is defined as: A. Loss of consciousness. B. Shortness of breath during exercise. C. Shortness of breath that occurs during rest D. An unpleasant sensation of forceful or rapid heart beats.

A. Loss of consciousness.

Strength gains during early phases of resistance training are largely due to changes in the: A. Nervous system B. Sarcomeres C. Respiratory system D. Myofilaments

A. Nervous system

Patrick has shoulder impingement syndrome. He has been referred to you by a physical therapist for strengthening of his shoulder complex and to begin first with a closed chain exercise. Which progression is MOST appropriate? A. Push-up plus off a wall -> shoulder IR/ER -> seated DB press B. Shoulder IR/ER -> seated DB press -> push-up plus C. Shoulder IR/ER -> push-up plus -> seated DB press D. High-rep bench press -> shoulder IR/ER -> abdominal crunch

A. Push-up plus off a wall -> shoulder IR/ER -> seated DB press

The thumb is classified as a ________ joint. A. Saddle B. Ellipsoidal C. Ball and socket D. Pivot

A. Saddle

Providing professional services to a client that are legal and appropriate is defined as: A. Scope of practice. B. Bounds of competence. C. Code of ethics. D. Professional conduct.

A. Scope of practice.

To develop and maintain flexibility, ACSM recommends inclusion of general stretching exercises for all major muscle groups at least: A. 4 times a week. B. 2 to 3 days a week. C. Once a week. D. Every other exercise session.

B. 2 to 3 days a week.

Which of the following best defines the precontemplation stage? A. A smoker is considering stopping given her recent health issues B. An overweight individual does not value the benefits of exercise C. A female with prediabetes is aware of her need to control her blood glucose levels D. An individual who has just been diagnosed with hypertension begins to research fitness facilities in her neighborhood

B. An overweight individual does not value the benefits of exercise

The USDA 2010 Dietary Guidelines recommend reducing certain food components, increasing nutrients, building healthy eating patterns, and: A. Ensuring safe food preparation. B. Balancing calories to manage weight. C. Understanding special populations D. Tracking daily eating habits.

B. Balancing calories to manage weight.

Personal Trainers using weight machines can design instruction and supervision procedures for each exercise that include: A. Inquiring if the client is familiar with the machine through previous use. B. Checking for proper body alignment and equipment setup. C. Looking for hazards around the machine that may impact use. D. Documenting the weight the client lifts as well as number of reps and sets.

B. Checking for proper body alignment and equipment setup.

Which of the following strongly communicates an individual's thougts and emotional state? A. Head position B. Eye contact C. Speech volume D. Speech cadence

B. Eye contact

Which of the following predicts behavior change depending on the perceived threats to one's well-being? A. Self-efficacy model B. Health belief model C. Transtheoretical model of behavioral change D. Stages-of-change model

B. Health belief model

Which muscles function to rotate the lumbar spine? A. Rectus abdominis and transverse abdominis B. Internal and external obliques C. Quadratus lumborum and tensor fascia latae D. Erector spinae and multifidus

B. Internal and external obliques

When stepping up and down on a device for cardiovascular training, you should: A. Lean forward, and try to stay on the balls of the feet. B. Keep your body upright and push through the heels. C. Use the arm rests as much as possible. D. Look down at your feet the entire time.

B. Keep your body upright and push through the heels.

What is a potential outcome of maintaining a professional presence and disposition when training clients? A. Earnings may increase as clients and managers see the value of your skills. B. Maintaining a professional presence may also help generate clients, as this is also a form of advertising. C. Staff will be more willing to ask for feedback regarding training. D. Staff will be more willing to refer potential clients to you.

B. Maintaining a professional presence may also help generate clients, as this is also a form of advertising.

As a source of energy, fat provides: A. The same energy as a gram of carbohydrate. B. More than twice the energy of a gram of carbohydrate. C. Slightly less energy than a gram of alcohol. D. The same energy as a gram of protein.

B. More than twice the energy of a gram of carbohydrate.

If a client is overtraining, which of the following could happen during a vertical jump that will most likely lead to injury? A. Poor core flexion B. Poor landing C. Poor arm extension D. Poor lift off

B. Poor landing

Which of the following BEST communicates client's energy level? A. Voice intonation B. Posture and stance C. Hand position D. Eye contact

B. Posture and stance

The following statement is a definition of ________: As the body adapts to a given stimulus, an increase in the stimulus is required for further adaptations and improvements. A. SAID Principle B. Progressive overload C. Law of attraction D. Specificity of training

B. Progressive overload

The intensity of work is represented by ________, amount of force is represented by ________, and displacement is represented by ________. A. Torque; acceleration; exercise selected B. RPE; resistance; ROM C. Torque; velocity of motion; acceleration of motion D. RPE; resistance; exercise selected

B. RPE; resistance; ROM

Running is done predominately in what plane of movement? A. Frontal B. Sagittal C. Horizontal D. Transverse

B. Sagittal

Behaviors are shaped by interpersonal interactions, the surrounding environment, community, policy, and law according to which of the following? A. Environment Model B. Socioecological model C. Social Cognitive Theory D. Structural Support Model

B. Socioecological model

Which of the following is a good example of a behavioral interview question? A. "Do you regularly go beyond the call of duty in your work?" B. "What are your three biggest strengths as a Personal Trainer?" C. "Give an example of a goal you reached, and describe how you achieved it." D. "Describe your work experience in the field of personal training."

C. "Give an example of a goal you reached, and describe how you achieved it."

Most health benefits occur with at least ________ minutes a week of moderate-intensity physical activity. A. 75 B. 60 C. 150 D. 180

C. 150

Athletes exercising at high altitude need an estimated ________ of fluid daily to maintain normal hydration. A. 5 liters B. 2 liters C. 3 to 4 liters D. 1 liter

C. 3 to 4 liters

A sedentary lifestyle is defined as NOT participating in at least: A. 75 minutes of moderate intensity activity, at least 3 days per week, for at least 3 months. B. 75 minutes of moderate intensity activity, at least 5 days per week, for at least 3 months. C. 30 minutes of moderate intensity activity, at least 3 days per week, for at least 3 months. D. 30 minutes of moderate intensity activity, at least 5 days per week, for at least 3 months.

C. 30 minutes of moderate intensity activity, at least 3 days per week, for at least 3 months.

The recommended calorie/energy distribution for athletes and physically active adults includes which of the following? A. 20% to 30% of total calories from carbohydrates B. No more than 10% of total calories from fat C. 45% to 65% of total calories from carbohydrates D. Less that 10% of total calories from protein

C. 45% to 65% of total calories from carbohydrates

The anaerobic system uses which substrate as its primary source for creating ATP? A. Fat B. Protein C. Carbohydrates D. Oxygen

C. Carbohydrates

When exercising, which statement is most true about breathing? A. Clients should inhale during the contraction phase of the exercise. B. Clients should hold their breath during the entire movement and exhale at the very end. C. Clients should never hold their breath during any contraction. D. Clients should breath out during the eccentric phase of the exercise.

C. Clients should never hold their breath during any contraction.

Which of the following is not a chronic benefit of regular cardiovascular exercise? A. Increased maximal oxygen uptake resulting from both central and peripheral adaptations B. Decreased heart rate and blood pressure at a given submaximal intensity C. Decreased exercise threshold for the onset of disease signs and symptoms D. Increased capillary density in skeletal muscle

C. Decreased exercise threshold for the onset of disease signs and symptoms

Which movement occurs in the frontal plane? A. Supination at the wrist B. Flexion at the elbow C. Elevation of the of the scapula D. Extension at the hip

C. Elevation of the of the scapula

Which group of muscles function to extend the hip joint? A. Gluteus medius and hamstrings B. Piriformis and gluteus maximus C. Gluteus maxmimus and hamstrings D. Gluteus maximus and gluteus medius

C. Gluteus maxmimus and hamstrings

Which of the following best summarizes the Small Changes Model of behavior change? A. The client's intention to make behavior change is increased significantly. B. Clients are given a specific concrete plan for change. C. Gradual and cumulative behavior change is achieved relative to baseline activity. D. The client's environment, feelings, and thoughts toward behavior change are also accounted for.

C. Gradual and cumulative behavior change is achieved relative to baseline activity.

Higher levels of cardiovascular fitness are associated with: A. Lower MET capacity B. Increased HR and SBP at submaximal work rates C. Lower mortality rates D. Increased HR and SBP at maximal work rates

C. Lower mortality rates

A key benefit of a proper warm-up is that it may: A. Decrease heart rate. B. Decrease blood pressure. C. Prevent ischemia of the heart. D. Prevent sweating.

C. Prevent ischemia of the heart.

During the initial client-contact process, you find that your potential client would rather work with a trainer of another gender. You should: A. Discuss your experience, training style, and educational background to make the client more comfortable with you. B. Provide a complimentary session to demonstrate your professional competence. C. Refer the client to another personal trainer who would be more compatible. D. Ask the client to sign up for an initial block of training sessions first.

C. Refer the client to another personal trainer who would be more compatible.

To build a successful client relationship, you should: A. Demonstrate your knowledge and professionalism frequently. B. Provide unsolicited advice for motivation. C. Use a client-centered approach. D. Offer excellent customer service and hospitality.

C. Use a client-centered approach.

Child athletes tend to be at greater risk of developing serious heat illness because: A. Exercise heart rates are higher for young athletes than adult exercisers at the same intensity. B. Child athletes are not as adept at assessing their exertion level. C. Young athletes produce less sweat per gland. D. Drinking large amounts of fluid after exercise is more difficult for child athletes.

C. Young athletes produce less sweat per gland.

Which of the following is an example of emotional support? A. Handouts from a Personal Trainer on new exercise routines B. A client's spouse offering to cook dinner while that client works out C. A magazine subscription that provides your client with monthly information on exercise D. A friend periodically calling to encourage sticking with a workout program

D. A friend periodically calling to encourage sticking with a workout program

Your client has been performing cardiovascular exercise for 30 to 60 minutes, 3 times per week. During your 3 month assessment you would expect her submaximal heart rate to: A. Stay the same B. Decrease by 50% C. Increase by 10% D. Decrease by 10%

D. Decrease by 10%

The ulna bone is ________ to the humerus bone. A. Anterior B. Posterior C. Proximal D. Distal

D. Distal

Which of the following is the LEAST effective strategy in helping a client get past barriers in his exercise program? A. Helping the client to develop an intrinsic motivation for exercise B. Utilizing "teaching moments" during the client's exercise program to increase knowledge of fitness concepts C. Helping the client to find activities that are enjoyable D. Helping the client predict how he or she will respond to the plateau

D. Helping the client predict how he or she will respond to the plateau

Improvements in muscular endurance are a result of: A. Increased fatty oxidation B. Increase in myofibrils C. Increased ATP from the KREB cycle D. Increased capillary density

D. Increased capillary density

Which of the following are the alcohol consumption recommendations per the ADA Dietary Guidelines? A. Avoid alcohol B. No more than three drinks per day C. No more than three drinks per week D. Moderation, up to one drink per day for women and two drinks per day for men

D. Moderation, up to one drink per day for women and two drinks per day for men

The feeling of chronic muscular fatigue is a sign of: A. Increased oxygen uptake. B. Lactic acid accumulation. C. Increased VO2 max D. Overuse.

D. Overuse.

Which of the following forms may be used if a Health/Medical History Evaluation form is not readily available? A. Informed Consent B. Health Fitness Assessment C. Personal-Trainer Client Agreement D. PAR-Q

D. PAR-Q

A distinct advantage of using free weights versus machines is that they: A. Accentuate eccentric actions. B. Avoid open chain movements. C. Enhance isokinetic movements. D. Promote kinesthetic awareness.

D. Promote kinesthetic awareness.

A lumbar vertebrae is an example of a ________ bone. A. Flat B. Irregular C. Short D. Sesamoid

D. Sesamoid

A client is exercising once a week and slowly increases to twice a week over the course of a month. This is consistent with which theory of behavior change? A. Socioecological model B. Health belief model C. Social cognitive theory D. Small changes model

D. Small changes model

Low energy availability directly impairs bone health and development in female athletes by: A. Restraining bone resorption. B. Inducing amenorrhea. C. Increasing estrogen production. D. Suppressing the hormones that promote bone formation.

D. Suppressing the hormones that promote bone formation.

____________ is the pressure exerted on the arterial wall during the ventricular contraction phase. A. Diastolic blood pressure B. Stroke volume C. Cardiac output D. Systolic blood pressure

D. Systolic blood pressure

Which of the following indicates that a client-centered approach is being used? A. The Personal Trainer is asking closed-end questions. B. The Personal Trainer is helping the client make connections between risk factors and health. C. The client is speaking at a normal pace. D. The client is talking more than the Personal Trainer.

D. The client is talking more than the Personal Trainer.

Pronation of the wrist joint occurs in: A. Multiple planes. B. The sagittal plane. C. The frontal plane. D. The transverse plane

D. The transverse plane