CV/Hematology NCLEX Prep
The nurse is assisting in the care of a client scheduled for cardioversion. The nurse plans to set the defibrillator to which starting energy range level, depending on the specific emergency health care provider (HCP) prescription? 120 joules 200 joules 250 joules 350 joules
120 joules
A client with myocardial infarction is experiencing new, multiform premature ventricular contractions and short runs of ventricular tachycardia. The nurse plans to have which medication available for immediate use to treat the ventricular tachycardia? Digoxin Verapamil Acebutolol Amiodarone
Amiodarone
A client with a complete heart block has had a permanent demand ventricular pacemaker inserted. The nurse assesses for proper pacemaker function by examining the electrocardiogram (ECG) strip for the presence of pacemaker spikes at what point? Before each P wave Just after each P wave Just after each T wave Before each QRS complex
Before each QRS complex
The nurse is performing a cardiovascular assessment on a client. Which parameter would the nurse assess to gain the best information about the client's left-sided heart function? Breath sounds Peripheral edema Hepatojugular reflux Jugular vein distention
Breath sounds
A client is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization to diagnose the extent of coronary artery disease. The nurse places highest priority on telling the client to report which sensation during the procedure? Chest pain Urge to cough Warm, flushed feeling Pressure at the insertion site
Chest pain
The nurse educator is teaching the new registered nurse (RN) how to care for clients with a decrease in blood pressure. Which statement by the new RN indicates the need for further instruction? "Decreased contractility occurs." "Decreased heart rate is not a side effect." "Decreased myocardial blood flow is not a concern." "Increased resistance to electrical stimulation often occurs."
Decreased myocardial blood flow is not a concern
A client complains of calf tenderness, and thrombophlebitis is suspected. The nurse should next assess the client for which finding? Bilateral edema Increased calf circumference Diminished distal peripheral pulses Coolness and pallor of the affected limb
Increased calf circumference
A client is being discharged from the hospital after being treated for infective endocarditis. The nurse should provide the client with which discharge instruction? Take acetaminophen if the chest pain worsens. Take antibiotics until the chest pain is fully resolved. Use a firm-bristle toothbrush and floss vigorously to prevent cavities. Notify all primary health care providers (PHCPs) of the history of infective endocarditis before any invasive procedures.
Notify all PHCPs of the hx
A client admitted to the hospital with coronary artery disease complains of dyspnea at rest. The nurse caring for the client uses which item as the best means to monitor respiratory status on an ongoing basis? Apnea monitor Oxygen flowmeter Telemetry cardiac monitor Oxygen saturation monitor
Oxygen saturation monitor
The nurse has completed an educational course covering first-degree heart block. Which statement by the nurse indicates that teaching has been effective? "Presence of Q waves indicates first-degree heart block." "Tall, peaked T waves indicate first-degree heart block." "Widened QRS complexes indicate first-degree heart block." "Prolonged, equal PR intervals indicate first-degree heart block."
Prolonged, equal PR intervals indicate first-degree heart block
Laboratory studies are performed for a client suspected to have iron deficiency anemia. The nurse reviews the laboratory results, knowing that which result indicates this type of anemia? Elevated hemoglobin level Decreased reticulocyte count Elevated red blood cell count Red blood cells that are microcytic and hypochromic
RBC that are microcytic and hypochromic
A client recovering from an exacerbation of left-sided heart failure is experiencing activity intolerance. Which change in vital signs during activity would be the best indicator that the client is tolerating mild exercise? Oxygen saturation decreased from 96% to 91%. Pulse rate increased from 80 to 104 beats per minute. Blood pressure decreased from 140/86 to 112/72 mm Hg. Respiratory rate increased from 16 to 19 breaths per minute.
RR increased from 16 to 19
A client is having a follow-up primary health care provider (PHCP) office visit after vein ligation and stripping. The client describes a sensation of "pins and needles" in the affected leg. Which would be an appropriate action by the nurse based on evaluation of the client's comment? Report the complaint to the PHCP. Instruct the client to apply warm packs. Reassure the client that this is only temporary. Advise the client to take acetaminophen until it is gone.
Report the complaint to the PHCP
The nurse notes bilateral 2+ edema in the lower extremities of a client with myocardial infarction who was admitted 2 days ago. Based on this observation, what should the nurse plan to do first? Review intake and output records for the last 2 days. Prescribe daily weights starting on the following morning. Request a sodium restriction of 1 g/day from the cardiologist. Change the time of diuretic administration from morning to evening.
Review intake and output records for the last 2 days
A client's electrocardiogram strip shows atrial and ventricular rates of 110 beats/minute. The PR interval is 0.14 seconds, the QRS complex measures 0.08 seconds, and the PP and RR intervals are regular. How should the nurse correctly interpret this rhythm? Sinus tachycardia Sinus bradycardia Sinus dysrhythmia Normal sinus rhythm
Sinus tachycardia
The nurse reading the operative record of a client who had cardiac surgery notes that the client's cardiac output immediately after surgery was 3.2 L/min. Evaluation of the cardiac output results leads the nurse to make which conclusion? The cardiac output is above the normal range. The cardiac output is below the normal range. The cardiac output is in the low-normal range. The cardiac output is in the high-normal range.
The cardiac output is below the normal range
The registered nurse (RN) is educating a new RN about the use of oxygen for clients with angina pectoris. Which statement by the new nurse indicates that the teaching has been effective? "Oxygen has a calming effect." "Oxygen will prevent the development of any thrombus." "The pain of angina pectoris occurs because of a decreased oxygen supply to heart cells." "Oxygen dilates the blood vessels so that they can supply more nutrients to the heart muscle."
The pain of angina pectoris occurs because of a decreased oxygen supply to heart cells
A client has received antidysrhythmic therapy for the treatment of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). The nurse evaluates this therapy as most effective if which finding is noted with regard to the PVCs? They occur in pairs. They appear to be multifocal. They fall on the second half of the T wave. They decrease to a frequency of less than 6 per minute.
They decrease to a frequency of less than 6
The nurse is assessing an electrocardiogram (ECG) rhythm strip for a client. The PP and RR intervals are regular. The PR interval is 0.14 second, and the QRS complexes measure 0.08 second. The overall heart rate is 82 beats/min. The nurse should report the cardiac rhythm to be which rhythm? Sinus bradycardia Sick sinus syndrome Normal sinus rhythm First-degree heart block
Normal sinus rhythm
A client's electrocardiogram shows that the ventricular rhythm is irregular and there are no discernible P waves. The nurse recognizes that this pattern is associated with which condition? Atrial flutter Atrial fibrillation Third-degree atrioventricular (AV) block First-degree AV block
Atrial fibrillation
The nurse is concerned about the adequacy of peripheral tissue perfusion in the post-cardiac surgery client. Which action should the nurse include within the plan of care for this client? Use the knee gatch on the bed. Cover the legs lightly when sitting in a chair. Encourage the client to cross the legs when sitting in a chair. Provide pillows for the client to place under the knees as desired.
Cover the legs lightly when sitting in a chair
The nurse is caring for a client who is on strict bed rest and creates a plan of care with goals related to the prevention of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary emboli. Which nursing action is most helpful in preventing these disorders from developing? Restricting fluids Placing a pillow under the knees Encouraging active range-of-motion exercises Applying a heating pad to the lower extremities
Encourage active ROM
Cardiac monitoring leads are placed on a client who is at risk for premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). Which heart rhythm will the nurse anticipate in this client if PVCs are occurring? A P wave preceding every QRS complex QRS complexes that are short and narrow Inverted P waves before the QRS complexes Premature beats followed by a compensatory pause
Premature beats followed by a compensatory pause
The post-myocardial infarction client is scheduled for a technetium-99m ventriculography (multigated acquisition [MUGA] scan). The nurse ensures that which item is in place before the procedure? A urinary catheter Signed informed consent A central venous pressure (CVP) line Notation of allergies to iodine or shellfish
Signed informed consent
The nurse is preparing discharge instructions for a client with Raynaud's disease. The nurse should plan to provide which instruction to the client? Use nail polish to protect the nail beds from injury. Wear gloves for all activities involving the use of both hands. Stop smoking because it causes cutaneous blood vessel spasm. Always wear warm clothing, even in warm climates, to prevent vasoconstriction.
Stop smoking because it causes cutaneous blood vessel spasms
A client's total cholesterol level is 344 mg/dL (8.6 mmol/L), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level is 164 mg/dL (4.25 mmol/L), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level is 30 mg/dL (1.2 mmol/L). Based on analysis of the data, how should the nurse direct client teaching? The client should maintain the current dietary regimen but increase activity level. Results are inconclusive unless the triglyceride level is also screened, so teaching is not indicated at this time. The client is at high risk for cardiovascular disease, and measures to modify all identified risk factors should be taught. The client is at low risk for cardiovascular disease, so the client should be encouraged to continue to follow the current regimen.
The client is at high risk for cardiovascular disease, and measures to modify all identified risk factors should be taught
A client is scheduled for elective cardioversion to treat chronic high-rate atrial fibrillation. Which finding indicates that further preparation is needed for the procedure? The client's digoxin has been withheld for the last 48 hours. The client is wearing a nasal cannula delivering oxygen at 2 L/min. The defibrillator has the synchronizer turned on and is set at 120 joules (J). The client has received an intravenous dose of a conscious sedation medication.
The client is wearing a nasal cannula
A nursing student who is researching a medication at the nurses' station asks the registered nurse (RN) what the function of an alpha-adrenergic receptor is, and where the receptors are primarily found. The RN educates the nursing student. Which statement by the nursing student indicates that teaching has been effective? "The peripheral arteries and veins; when stimulated they cause vasoconstriction." "Arterial and bronchial walls; when stimulated they cause vasodilation and bronchodilation." "The heart; when stimulated it causes an increase in heart rate, atrioventricular node conduction, and contractility." "Several tissues; when stimulated they cause contraction of smooth muscle, inhibition of lipolysis, and promotion of platelet aggregation."
The peripheral arteries and veins; when stimulated they cause vasoconstriction
The nurse is developing a plan of care for a client recovering from pulmonary edema. The nurse establishes a goal to have the client participate in activities that reduce cardiac workload. The nurse should identify which client action as contributing to this goal? Using a bedside commode Sleeping in the supine position Elevating the legs when in bed Using seasonings to improve the taste of food
Using a bedside commode
A client recovering from pulmonary edema is preparing for discharge. What should the nurse plan to teach the client to do to manage or prevent recurrent symptoms after discharge? Weigh self on a daily basis. Sleep with the head of the bed flat. Take a double dose of the diuretic if peripheral edema is noted. Withhold prescribed digoxin if slight respiratory distress occurs.
Weigh self on a daily basis
The nurse is performing an assessment on a client with a diagnosis of left-sided heart failure. Which assessment component would elicit specific information regarding the client's left-sided heart function? Listening to lung sounds Palpating for organomegaly Assessing for jugular vein distention Assessing for peripheral and sacral edema
listening to lung sounds
The registered nurse (RN) is orienting a new RN assigned to the care of a client with a cardiac disorder and is told that the client has an alteration in cardiac output. After educating the new RN about cardiac output, which statement made by the new RN indicates the need for further instruction? "A cardiac output of 2 L/min is normal." "A cardiac output of 4 L/min is normal." "A cardiac output of 6 L/min is normal." "A cardiac output of 7 L/min is normal."
2 L/min is normal
The nurse is assessing a client's legs for the presence of edema. The nurse notes that the client has mild pitting with slight indentation and no perceptible swelling of the leg. How should the nurse define and document this finding? 1+ edema 2+ edema 3+ edema 4+ edema
1+ edema
A client with a diagnosis of varicose veins is scheduled for treatment by sclerotherapy and is receiving education about the procedure from the nurse. Which statement by the client indicates that the teaching has been effective? "It involves tying off the veins so that circulation is redirected in another area." "It involves surgically removing the varicosity, so anesthesia will be required." "It involves tying off the veins to prevent sluggishness of blood from occurring." "It involves injecting an agent into the vein to damage the vein wall and close it off."
It involves injecting an agent into the vein to damage the vein wall and close it off
An ambulatory care nurse measures the blood pressure of a client and finds it to be 156/94 mm Hg. Which statement indicates that the client needs additional education? "It is important that I limit protein intake." "I need to maintain a regular exercise program." "I understand that I need to avoid adding salt to foods." "It is important that I begin reducing and then maintaining weight."
It is important that I limit protein intake
The nurse is listening to a cardiologist explain the results of a cardiac catheterization to a client and family. The cardiologist tells the client that a blockage is present in the large blood vessel that supplies the anterior wall of the left ventricle. The nurse determines that the blockage is located in which area? Circumflex coronary artery Right coronary artery (RCA) Posterior descending coronary artery (PDA) Left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD)
LAD
The nurse is giving discharge instructions to a client who has just undergone vein ligation and stripping. The nurse evaluates that the client understands activity and positioning limitations if the client states that which action is appropriate to do? Walk for as long as possible each day. Cross the legs at the ankle only, not at the knee. Sit in a chair 3 times a day for 3 hours at a time. Lie down with the legs elevated and avoid sitting.
Lie down with the legs elevated and avoid sitting
The nurse is assessing a dark-skinned client for signs of anemia. The nurse should focus the assessment on which structures? Select all that apply. Lips Tongue Earlobes Conjunctiva Mucous membranes
Lips Conjunctiva Mucous Membranes
A client admitted to the hospital with chest pain and a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus is scheduled for cardiac catheterization. Which medication would need to be withheld for 24 hours before the procedure and for 48 hours after the procedure? Glipizide Metformin Repaglinide Regular insulin
Metformin
The nurse has provided instructions to the mother of a child with sickle cell disease regarding measures that will prevent a sickle cell crisis. Which client statement indicates an understanding of these measures? "My child needs to avoid any exercise." "My child needs to avoid increasing any fluid intake." "My child needs to avoid going outdoors in warm weather." "My child needs to avoid situations that may lead to an infection."
My child needs to avoid situations that may lead to an infection
The nurse determines that a client requires further teaching after permanent pacemaker insertion if which statement is made? "I'll need to call my cardiologist if I feel tired or dizzy." "My pulse rate should be less than what my pacemaker is set at." "I'll have to avoid carrying the grocery bags into the house for the next 6 weeks." "It's safe to use my microwave as long it is properly grounded and well shielded."
My pulse rate should be less than what my pacemaker is set at
A client with variant angina is scheduled to receive an oral calcium channel blocker twice daily. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching? "I should notify my doctor if my feet or legs start to swell." "My doctor told me to call his office if my pulse rate decreases below 60." "Avoiding grapefruit juice will definitely be a challenge for me, since I usually drink it every morning with breakfast." "My spouse told me that since I have developed this problem, we are going to stop walking in the mall every morning."
My spouse told me that since I have developed this problem, we are going to stop walking in the mall every morning
The nurse has just completed education on myocardial infarction (MI) to a group of new nurses. Which statement made by one of the nurses indicates that the teaching has been effective? "Chest pain is caused by tissue hypoxia in the myocardium." "Chest pain is caused by tissue hypoxia in the vessels of the heart." "Chest pain is caused by tissue hypoxia in the parietal pericardium." "Chest pain is caused by tissue hypoxia in the visceral pericardium."
Myocardium
The nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client with a diagnosis of chronic gastritis. The nurse instructs the client to include which foods rich in vitamin B12 in the diet? Select all that apply. Nuts Corn Liver Apples Lentils Bananas
Nuts Liver Lentils
The nurse who is auscultating a 56-year-old client's apical heart rate before administering digoxin notes that the heart rate is 52 beats/min. The nurse should make which interpretation of this information? Normal, because of the client's age Abnormal, requiring further assessment Normal, as a result of the effects of digoxin Normal, because this is the reason the client is receiving digoxin
Abnormal, requiring further assessment
The nurse is caring for a client who has just had implantation of an automatic internal cardioverter-defibrillator. The nurse should assess which item based on priority? Anxiety level of the client and family Activation status and settings of the device Presence of a MedicAlert card for the client to carry Knowledge of restrictions on postdischarge physical activity
Activation status and settings of the device
A home care nurse is visiting a client to provide follow-up evaluation and care of a leg ulcer. On removing the dressing from the leg ulcer, the nurse notes that the ulcer is pale and deep and that the surrounding tissue is cool to the touch. The nurse should document that these findings identify which type of ulcer? A stage 1 ulcer A vascular ulcer An arterial ulcer A venous stasis ulcer
An arterial ulcer
The nurse in the medical unit is assigned to provide discharge teaching to a client with a diagnosis of angina pectoris. The nurse is discussing lifestyle changes that are needed to minimize the effects of the disease process. The client continually changes the subject during the teaching session. The nurse interprets that this client's behavior is most likely related to which problem? Anxiety related to the need to make lifestyle changes Boredom resulting from having already learned the material An attempt to ignore or deny the need to make lifestyle changes Lack of understanding of the material provided at the teaching session and embarrassment about asking questions
An attempt to ignore or deny the need to make lifestyle changes
Spironolactone is prescribed for a client with heart failure. In providing dietary instructions to the client, the nurse identifies the need to avoid foods that are high in which electrolyte? Calcium Potassium Magnesium Phosphorus
Potassium
A client with pulmonary edema has been receiving diuretic therapy. The client has a prescription for additional furosemide in the amount of 40 mg intravenous push. Knowing that the client will also be started on digoxin, which laboratory result should the nurse review as the priority? Sodium level Digoxin level Creatinine level Potassium level
Potassium level
The nurse is providing instructions to a client with a diagnosis of hypertension regarding high-sodium items to be avoided. The nurse instructs the client to avoid consuming which item? Bananas Broccoli Antacids Cantaloupe
Antacids
The nurse is caring for a postoperative client who has lost a significant amount of blood because of complications during a surgical procedure. Which assessment finding would be indicative of further fluid volume deficit? 4+ edema noted in lower extremities Crackles auscultated from lung bases to apices Blood pressure rises from 116/68 to 118/74 mm Hg Pulse rate increases from 100 beats/min to 136 beats/min
Pulse rate increases from 100 bpm to 136 bpm
The nurse is listening to a lecture on Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS). The instructor is discussing electrocardiographic (ECG) changes caused by myocardial ischemia. Which statement by the nurse indicates that teaching has been effective? "Tall, peaked T waves can indicate ischemia." "Prolonged PR interval can indicate ischemia." "Widened QRS complex can indicate ischemia." "ST segment elevation or depression can indicate ischemia."
ST segment elevation or depression can indicate ischemia
A client's electrocardiogram (ECG) strip shows atrial and ventricular rates of 70 complexes/minute. The PR interval is 0.16 second, the QRS complex measures 0.06 second, and the PP interval is slightly irregular. How should the nurse report this rhythm? Sinus tachycardia Sinus bradycardia Sinus dysrhythmia Normal sinus rhythm
Sinus dysrhythmia
A client enters the hospital emergency department with a nosebleed. On assessment, the client tells the nurse that the nosebleed just suddenly began. The nurse notes no obvious facial injury. Which is the initial nursing action? Insert nasal packing. Prepare a nasal balloon for insertion. Place the client in a semi-Fowler's position, and apply ice packs to the nose. Sit the client down, ask the client to lean forward slightly, and apply pressure to the nose for 5 to 10 minutes.
Sit the client down, ask the client to lean forward slightly, and apply pressure to the nose for 5 to 10 min
The nurse is evaluating a client's cardiac rhythm strip to determine if there is proper function of the VVI mode pacemaker. Which denotes proper functioning? Spikes precede all P waves and QRS complexes. There are consistent spikes before each P wave. Spikes occur before QRS complexes when intrinsic ventricular beats do not occur. Spikes occur before all QRS complexes regardless of intrinsic ventricular activity.
Spikes occure before QRS complexes when intrinsic ventricular beats do not occur
Which is the priority assessment in the care of a client who is newly admitted to the hospital for acute arterial insufficiency of the left leg and moderate chronic arterial insufficiency of the right leg? Monitor oxygen saturation with pulse oximetry. Assess activity tolerance before and after exercise. Observe the client's cardiac rhythm with telemetry. Assess peripheral pulses with an ultrasonic Doppler device.
Assess peripheral pulses with doppler
A client has been admitted with left-sided heart failure. When planning care for the client, interventions should be focused on reduction of which specific problem associated with this type of heart failure? Ascites Pedal edema Bilateral lung crackles Jugular vein distention
Bilateral lung crackles
The client who is beginning an exercise program asks the nurse why his heart "feels like it's pounding" when he is exercising vigorously. The nurse provides education to the client about increased cardiac response based on which physiological concept? Pulse rate is not a reflection of cardiac response. Cardiac index is the mechanism that allows blood to flow better. Cardiac output is the body's attempt to meet metabolic demands. Stroke volume is an artificial number used to determine the adequacy of cardiac output.
Cardiac output is the body's attempt to meet metabolic demands
A client who was diagnosed with toxic shock syndrome (TSS) now exhibits petechiae, oozing from puncture sites, and coolness of the digits of the hands and feet. Clotting times determined for this client are prolonged. The nurse interprets these clinical signs as being most compatible with which condition? Heparin overdose Vitamin K deficiency Factor VIII deficiency Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC)
DIC
The nurse is preparing to care for a client with chronic kidney disease and anemia. Which describes the relationship between chronic kidney disease and anemia? Lack of angiotensin I may cause anemia. Increased production of aldosterone leads to anemia. Anemia is caused by insufficient production of renin. Decreased production of erythropoietin is causing anemia.
Decreased production of erythropoietin
A client with no history of cardiovascular disease comes to the ambulatory clinic with flu-like symptoms. The client suddenly complains of chest pain. Which question should best help the nurse discriminate pain caused by a noncardiac problem? "Can you describe the pain to me?" "Have you ever had this pain before?" "Does the pain get worse when you breathe in?" "Can you rate the pain on a scale of 1 to 10, with 10 being the worst?"
Does the pain get worse when you breathe in
The nurse is conducting a health history of a client with a primary diagnosis of heart failure. Which conditions reported by the client could play a role in exacerbating the heart failure? Select all that apply. Emotional stress Atrial fibrillation Nutritional anemia Peptic ulcer disease Recent upper respiratory infection
Emotional stress Atrial fibrillation Nutritional anemia Recent upper respiratory infection
The registered nurse (RN) is educating a new nurse about aortic regurgitation. Which statement by the new nurse indicates that the teaching has been effective? "Failure of the aortic valve to close completely allows blood to flow retrograde through the aorta to the left ventricle." "Failure of the aortic valve to close completely allows blood to flow retrograde through the left ventricle to the left atrium." "Failure of the aortic valve to close completely allows blood to flow retrograde through the right ventricle to the right atrium." "Failure of the aortic valve to close completely allows blood to flow retrograde through the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle."
Failure of the aoritc valve to close completely allows blood to flow retrograde through the aorta to the left ventricle
The nurse is assessing a client with an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which assessment finding by the nurse is unrelated to the aneurysm? Pulsatile abdominal mass Hyperactive bowel sounds in the area Systolic bruit over the area of the mass Subjective sensation of "heart beating" in the abdomen
Hyperactive bowel sounds
A client has developed uncontrolled atrial fibrillation with a ventricular rate of 150 beats/min. What manifestation should the nurse observe for when performing the client's focused assessment? Flat neck veins Nausea and vomiting Hypotension and dizziness Clubbed fingertips and headache
Hypotension and dizziness
The home health nurse makes a home visit to a client who has an implanted cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) and reviews the instructions concerning pacemakers and dysrhythmias with the client. Which client statement indicates that further teaching is necessary? "If I feel an internal defibrillator shock, I should sit down." "I won't be able to have a magnetic resonance imaging test (MRI)." "My wife knows how to call the emergency medical services (EMS) if I need it." "I can stop taking my antidysrhythmic medicine now because I have a pacemaker."
I can stop taking my antidysrhythmic medicine now
The nurse is trying to determine the ability of the client with myocardial infarction (MI) to manage independently at home after discharge. Which statement by the client is the strongest indicator of the potential for difficulty after discharge? "I need to start exercising more to improve my health." "I will be sure to keep my appointment with the cardiologist." "I don't have anyone to help me with doing heavy housework at home." "I think I have a good understanding of what all my medications are for."
I don't have anyone to help me with doing heavy housework at home
The nurse is preparing a client with thrombocytopenia for discharge. Which statement by the client about measures minimizing injury indicates that discharge teaching was effective? Select all that apply. "I may continue to use an electric shaver." "I will not blow my nose if I get a cold." "I should use an enema instead of laxatives for constipation." "I definitely will play football with my friends this weekend." "I should use a soft-bristled toothbrush to avoid mouth trauma."
I may continue to use an electric shaver I will not blow my nose if I get a cold I should use a soft-bristle toothbrush to avoid mouth trauma
The nurse has provided medication instructions to a client with an iron deficiency anemia who will be taking iron supplements. Which statement made by the client indicates an understanding of this medication? "I need to increase my fluid intake." "I should eliminate fiber foods from my diet." "I need to take the medication with water before a meal." "I should be sure to chew the tablet thoroughly before swallowing it."
I need to increase my fluid intake
A client is scheduled to undergo cardiac catheterization for the first time, and the nurse provides instructions to the client. Which client statement indicates an understanding of the instructions? "It will really hurt when the catheter is first put in." "I will receive general anesthesia for the procedure." "I will have to go to the operating room for this procedure." "I probably will feel tired after the test from lying on a hard x-ray table for a few hours."
I probably will feel tired after the test from lying on a hard x-ray table for a few hours
A client who had coronary artery bypass surgery states to the home health nurse, "I get so frustrated. I can't even do my gardening." The nurse then assesses the client for activity level since the surgery. Which client statement indicates a need for further teaching? "I pace my activities throughout the day." "I plan regular rest periods during the day." "I avoid outdoor physical activity during the heat of the day." "I try to walk immediately after lunch, after I've finished my morning housecleaning."
I try to walk immediately...
The home care nurse has taught a client with a problem of inadequate cardiac output about helpful lifestyle adaptations to promote health. Which statement by the client best demonstrates an understanding of the information provided? "I will eat enough daily fiber to prevent straining at stool." "I will try to exercise vigorously to strengthen my heart muscle." "I will drink 3000 to 3500 mL of fluid daily to promote good kidney function." "Drinking 2 to 3 oz of liquor each night will promote blood flow by enlarging blood vessels."
I will eat enough daily fiber
The nurse is discussing smoking cessation with a client diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD). Which statement should the nurse make to try to motivate the client to quit smoking? "None of the cardiovascular effects are reversible, but quitting might prevent lung cancer." "Because most of the damage has already been done, it will be all right to cut down a little at a time." "If you totally quit smoking right now, you can cut your cardiovascular risk to zero within a year." "If you quit now, your risk of cardiovascular disease will decrease to that of a nonsmoker in 3 to 4 years."
If you quit now, your risk of cardiovascular disease will decrease to that of a nonsmoker in 3 to 4 years
The nurse assesses the sternotomy incision of a client on the third day after cardiac surgery. The incision shows some slight puffiness along the edges and is non-reddened, with no apparent drainage. The client's temperature is 99º F (37.2º C) orally. The white blood cell count is 7500 mm3 (7.5 × 109/L). How should the nurse interpret these findings? Incision is slightly edematous but shows no active signs of infection. Incision shows early signs of infection, although the temperature is nearly normal. Incision shows no sign of infection, although the white blood cell count is elevated. Incision shows early signs of infection, supported by an elevated white blood cell count.
Incision is slightly edematous but shows no active signs of infection
The nurse is assessing the neurovascular status of a client who returned to the surgical nursing unit 4 hours ago after undergoing aortoiliac bypass graft. The affected leg is warm, and the nurse notes redness and edema. The pedal pulse is palpable. How should the nurse interpret the client's neurovascular status? The neurovascular status is normal because of increased blood flow through the leg. The neurovascular status is moderately impaired, and the surgeon should be called. The neurovascular status is slightly deteriorating and should be monitored for another hour. The neurovascular status shows adequate arterial flow, but venous complications are arising.
The neurovascular status is normal because of increased blood flow through the leg
The nurse working in a long-term care facility is assessing a client who is experiencing chest pain. The nurse should interpret that the pain is most likely caused by myocardial infarction (MI) on the basis of what assessment finding? The client is not experiencing dyspnea. The client is not experiencing nausea or vomiting. The pain has not been relieved by rest and nitroglycerin tablets. The client says the pain began while she was trying to open a stuck dresser drawer.
The pain has not been relieved by rest and nitro
The nurse is assigned the care of a client with a diagnosis of heart failure who is receiving intravenous doses of furosemide. The client is attached to cardiac telemetry, and the nurse is monitoring the client's cardiac status. The nurse notes that the client's cardiac rhythm has changed to this pattern. The nurse determines that the most likely cause of this cardiac rhythm in the client is which problem? Refer to figure. Pacemaker dysfunction The presence of hypokalemia The effectiveness of the furosemide An impending myocardial infarction (MI)
The presence of hypokalemia
A client with rapid-rate atrial fibrillation asks the nurse why the cardiologist is going to perform carotid sinus massage. The nurse educates the client about the treatment. Which statement by the client indicates that the teaching has been effective? "The vagus nerve slows the heart rate." "The diaphragmatic nerve slows the heart rate." "The diaphragmatic nerve overdrives the rhythm." "The vagus nerve increases the heart rate, overdriving the rhythm."
The vagus nerve slows the heart rate
The nurse monitors the client for which condition as a complication of polycythemia vera? Thrombosis Hypotension Cardiomyopathy Pulmonary edema
Thrombosis
The nurse is reviewing the prescriptions for a client admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia. The nurse prepares the client for treatment of this disorder, understanding that which may be recommended? Select all that apply. Transfusions Splenectomy Radiation therapy Corticosteroid medication Immunosuppressive agents
Transfusions Splenectomy Corticosteroid medication Immunosuppressive agents
A client is seen in the emergency department for complaints of chest pain that began 3 hours ago. The nurse should suspect myocardial injury or infarction if which laboratory value comes back elevated? Troponin Myoglobin C-reactive protein Creatine kinase (CK)
Troponin
The new registered nurse (RN) is reviewing cardiac rhythms with a mentor. Which statement by the new RN indicates that teaching about ventricular fibrillation has been effective? "Ventricular fibrillation appears as irregular beats within a rhythm." "Ventricular fibrillation does not have P waves or QRS complexes." "Ventricular fibrillation is a regular pattern of wide QRS complexes." "Ventricular fibrillation has recognizable P waves, QRS complexes, and T waves."
Ventricular fibrillation does not have P waves or QRS complexes
An emergency room nurse is performing a cardiovascular assessment on a client. During auscultation of the heart sounds, the nurse hears these abnormal sounds. The nurse suspects that the client has which condition? Atrial fibrillation Ventricular fibrillation Ventricular hypertrophy Left bundle branch block
Ventricular hypertrophy
The nurse is performing an admission assessment on a client with a diagnosis of angina pectoris who takes nitroglycerin for chest pain at home. During the assessment the client complains of chest pain. The nurse should immediately ask the client which question? "Where is the pain located?" "Are you having any nausea?" "Are you allergic to any medications?" "Do you have your nitroglycerin with you?"
Where is the pain located
The nurse notes that a client's cardiac rhythm shows absent P waves, no PR interval, and an irregular rhythm. How should the nurse interpret this rhythm? Bradycardia Tachycardia Atrial fibrillation Normal sinus rhythm (NSR)
Atrial fibrillation