D03

The Basic Phone-to-Phone Call Process within a Cisco Unified Communications Manager

1. Caller dials end phone number, digits received by call manager. . . . 2. Call manager performs look-up of distant end telephone's IP address 3. Call Manager checks the status of distant end telephone; verifies registered "on network" and able to receive calls. . . .

Identify the components of QoS within VOIP networks

1. Classification, allows you to identify, and mark real time voice packets-this 'colors' a frame so it can be identified and distinguished from other packets in QoS.

Define the Media Gateway Control Protocol

1. Client-server call control protocol used by ball control devices such as Cisco Call Manager to manage and control IP gateways. 2. Have voice port, VWIC add on with capability to receive a PRI T-1 from a CSN switchboard and convert to PSN format.

the benefits of Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP)

1. Cost savings. . . 2. Efficient use of bandwidth. . . 3. The use of both rich applications and features

Calculate bandwidth

1. Determine audio codec payload. . . 2. Determine data link, network, transport layer overhead. . . 3. Add additional overhead if applicable. . . 4. Add it all together. . . 5. Find packets per second. . . 6. Find total bandwidth.

The characteristics of the Voice VLAN

1. Increased performance. . . 2. Improved manageability. . . 3. Physical topology independence. .

The power options associated with Cisco IP phones

1. No external power cords a. PoE switches are required b. Power bricks are available for purchase

COC/COS/COR uses partitions/Calling Search Spaces

1. Partition-grouping of things with similar reachability characteristics, defines who can call you. . . 2. Calling search space; CSS, drop down ordered list of partitions, controls who you can call. 3. Partition/CSS interaction: If target dialed does not exist in partition in CSS of caller, call will fail.

Define the Session Initiation Protocol

1. Peer-to-peer protocol in which user agents initiate sessions similar to the method utilized by H.323, defines end-to-end signaling between devices by using a text based HTTP-like model of communications.

The role of the TFTP Server in IP networking

1. Serves as a central repository for all required phone configurations in the network. 2. As phone comes online, request most common configurations store in the TFTP server

Call manager Media resources

1. Standard Telephony features a. call forwarding b. call pickup-single or group c. call park

The four basic components of a Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) network

1. The IP network (Infrastructure) - 2. Call processor/controllers - 3. Media/signaling gateways - 4. Subscriber terminals/Endpoints

The four basic components of a Video teleconferencing (VTC) Network

1. Video Terminal: actual VTC unit. . . 2. Gatekeeper: Enforcer for VTC network; security/ access control, manages all components of VTC in call zone. . . 3. Gateway: Converts between standards: H323 to H320. . . 4. Multipoint Conference Unit: Older VTC are P2P

The Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) Telephone Initialization Process

1. VoIP phone connection to switch getting PoE 2. Using CDP, switch IDs which VLAN phone is on and delivers voice VLAN 3. VoIP phone requests as IP from DHCP server 4. VoIP phone contacts TFTP server for configuration file and loads it. 5. VoIP phone registers with CME/Cisco Call Manager using SCCP and is able to place/receive calls

The purpose of Signaling Protocols

1. VoIP: exist to setup, maintain, and terminate a bi-directional, real-time media stream between VoIP subscriber terminals. Also provide necessary signaling VoIP networks to interface with the PSTN.

Define Real-time Transport Protocol

1.Media signaling Protocol used by the Marine Corps. 2. Based off UDP, improved by adding a payload identifier, time stamp, sequence, number to each packet, which was created to communicate directly between the voice endpoints themselves.

Minimum compression standard for an H.323 Video teleconferencing; VTC, Network

128 Kbps VTC, 64Kbps for voice, 64kbps for video

Call manager resources

2. Mobile connect-Pickup 1 # on mobile devices 3. Music on Hold: audio ringtones-audio stored in call messenger, songs differ per device. 4. Conference bridge: everyone calls into 1 #. 5. Background: anything you want.

Identify the components of QoS within VOIP networks

2. Queuing: congestion management function of QoS; FIFO-first in, first out. a. Weighted Fair Queuing; balance available bandwidth b. Class-based Weighted Queuing: specify guaranteed amounts of traffic for various classes of traffic. c. Low Latency Queuing: CBWFQ + priority component.

Identify the components of QoS within VOIP networks

3. Congestion avoidance: drops TCP 'data' packet 4. Policing and shaping 5. Link efficiency

The Basic Phone-to-Phone Call Process within a Cisco Unified Communications Manager-continued

4. If available, Call manager rings the telephone. . . . 5. Distant end user takes phone off the hook. . . 6. Call manager connects telephone set using Realtime Transport Protocol; RTP, communicate during call without the call manager.

The characteristics of the Voice VLAN

4. Increased security. . . 5. Common to separate voice/data traffic by utilizing VLANs IOT provide a solid security boundary, to prevent data apps from reaching your voice traffic. Quality of service.

Define class of control

AKA class of service/class of restriction: ability to apply calls to be processed and routed between sites in the event that connectivity to the Cisco Call Manager is lost; provides fault tolerance; still able to call everyone in site if you lose WAN connection.

Purpose of Real Time Monitoring Tool; RTMT

Allows administrators to collect, view, interpret, and monitor the various counters, trace files and logs generated by CUCM, allows you to diagnose network problems and enables optimization data.

G.729 = 8Kbps

Bandwidth per call = 16kbps

The purpose of a Cisco Unified Communications Manager Express

CME is a VoIP management application which runs on an Integrated Services Router's (ISR) Internet working Operating System (IOS) IOT provide call processing in a VoIP network.

The purpose of a Cisco Unified Communications Manager

Cisco Call Manager is an application which runs on a dedicated server providing call processing services for up to 10,000 users.

The purpose of an Inter-Cluster Trunk

Communication between clusters is accomplished through programming Inter-Cluster Trunks (ICT).

Define the Skinny Client Control Protocol

Designed to be utilized between the call manager device and subscriber terminals; quickly make changes to features/ functionality on Cisco VoIP network

The purpose of Dial Peers

Dial peers are a software structure that binds a dialed digit string to a voice port or IP address of the destination network.

Transcoding

Direct digital t digital conversion from one codec to another

Cluster

Multiple servers can be clustered together and managed as a single entity; yielding scalability of up to 30,000 users per cluster. Max of 8 Cisco call managers, Publish/ Subscriber servers.

The purpose of Video Teleconferencing

Offers commanders an unclassified or classified close video network cable of voice, video, and data exchange to facilitate face to face communication, meetings, and planning sessions.

Define Call Admission Control

Prevents IP calls from being extended across the WAN link, if add'l bandwidth required would exceed the CAC-allocated bandwidth for concurrent calls, preventing oversubscribtion.

Purpose of Disaster Recovery System; DRS.

Provides a backup and restore capability.

Location based CAC

Region: virtual assignment that allows the network planner to control the bit rate for calls belonging to that region; sets and codec. Locations: defines a maximum amount of bandwidth available to be used by all calls to a particular location; max bandwidth across a link or total # of calls.

The function of a Subscriber Server

Subscriber servers are the primary call controllers responsible for registering phones and setting up calls.

Define the H.323 protocol

Suite of protocols that provide I{ networks with traditional telephony functionality

The function of a Publisher Server

The Publisher server is the only server whose database can be altered.

Quality of Service as it pertains to VoIP

The ability of the network to provide better or special services to a set of users and applications at the expense of other users and applications.

The functions of a call processor in accordance with the Cisco Voice over IP

The call processing functions include call processing, device control, directory service, computer telephony integration (CTI), trunking, and gateway support.

The four main components of Call-Routing in a Cisco Unified Communications Manager

The four main components of CUCM call routing are route patterns, route lists, route groups, and gateways/trunks.

The two types of call processing used within a Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) network

Two methods of call processing are used in VoIP networks; centralized and distributed.

The purpose of the H.323 family of protocols

VTC; used in connectionless networks that do not provide a guarantee QoS

The purpose of the H.320 family of protocols

VTC; uses dedicated lines and circuits for QoS. Most common family of protocols.

Jitter

Variation in delay

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP)

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a technology which allows Internet Protocol-based networks to be utilized for real- time voice applications.

G.711 equals 64Kbps

bandwidth per call = 80 Kbps