DCUSH- Chapter 15

As part of the "Bargain of 1877," President Rutherford B. Hayes ordered federal troops in _________ to return to their barracks and stop guarding state houses.

the South

The Bargain of 1877

was not fulfilled in all its parts.

In President Andrew Johnson's view, African-Americans ought to play what part in Reconstruction?

They should have no role in shaping policies.

What was a major cause of the decline of Reconstruction?

a growing perception among northerners that southern blacks were unfit for equal citizenship

In the summer of 1865, President Andrew Johnson ordered nearly all land in federal hands

be returned to its former owners.

Liberal Republicans in the post-Civil War era

formed their own political party in opposition to many of the ideas of Radical Republicans.

Andrew Johnson

lacked Lincoln's political skills and keen sense of public opinion.

For most former slaves, freedom first and foremost meant

landownership

The Reconstruction amendments to the U.S. Constitution helped to create

the first national biracial democracy in world history.

Which series of events is listed in proper sequence?

Tenure of Office Act; impeachment of President Andrew Johnson; election of Ulysses S. Grant

Which man was a leader of the Radical Republicans?

Thaddeus Stevens

How did the Reconstruction amendments change the role of government?

They set the stage for the federal government to be the protector of individual freedoms.

How did the Civil War affect planter families?

For the first time, some of them had to do physical labor.

Which statement is true about the Ku Klux Klan (KKK)?

Founded in 1866 in Tennessee, the KKK was a terrorist organization that attacked black and white Republicans during Reconstruction.

The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

prohibited federal and state governments from denying any citizen the vote because of race.

Following the Civil War, white and black farmers in the South

saw the price of cotton fall steadily.

What was one of the principal tasks and objectives of the Freedmen's Bureau (1865-1870)?

settling disputes between whites and blacks and among the freedpeople

Who was the first black senator elected in U.S. history in 1870?

Hiram Revels

When analyzing the election of 1876, what conclusion can be drawn?

If Tilden had won Louisiana, Florida, or South Carolina, he would have been president.

What event took place in Colfax, Louisiana, in 1873?

The bloodiest act of violence during Reconstruction took place, with armed whites massacring scores of former slaves.

The U.S. president before Andrew Johnson was _________.

Abraham Lincoln

What two Christian denominations commanded the largest African-American following in the South after the Civil War?

Baptist and Methodist

Which of the following statements is true of the Fourteenth Amendment?

It prohibited all states from denying equal protection of the laws to any person.

During Reconstruction, what new southern class arose due to the building of new railroads?

an urban middle class

How do historians frequently perceive the laws and amendments introduced to the Constitution during Reconstruction?

as equivalent to a second founding of America

In consequence of the "Bargain of 1877," President Rutherford B. Hayes

ordered federal troops to stop guarding the state houses in Louisiana and South Carolina.

The House of Representatives approved articles of impeachment against President Andrew Johnson for violation of what law?

the Tenure of Office Act

In Mississippi in 1875, armed white rifle clubs drilled in public and openly assaulted ___________.

Republicans

A "carpetbagger" was

a northerner who settled in the South after the war.

The southern Black Codes

allowed the arrest on vagrancy charges of former slaves who failed to sign yearly labor contracts.

What activity made the postemancipation experience in the United States unique from other societies and became central to the former slaves' desire for empowerment and equality?

the right to vote within two years of the end of slavery

The Black Codes were

laws that sought to regulate the lives of former slaves.

The Burlingame Treaty reaffirmed China's national sovereignty and

provided reciprocal protection for religious freedom and against discrimination for citizens emigrating or visiting the other nation.

Radical Republicans in the Reconstruction era shared the view that

the Union victory created an opportunity to institutionalize the principle of equal rights regardless of race.

What were central elements in the lives of post-emancipation blacks in the twenty years following the end of the Civil War?

the family, the church, the school

Black Americans who refused to sign labor contracts to work for whites during Reconstruction

were often arrested and hired out to white landowners.

The laws and amendments of Reconstruction rejected the idea that citizenship was an entitlement of

whites alone.

During Reconstruction, southern cities

enjoyed newfound prosperity as merchants traded more frequently with the North.

One of the main purposes of the Freedmen's Bureau was to

ensure a working system of labor relations between former slaves and former slaveholders.

Radical Republicans

hoped to institutionalize the principle of equal rights for all, regardless of race.

Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony opposed the Fifteenth Amendment because

it outlawed discrimination in voting based on race but not gender.

Which statement accurately describes sharecropping?

It allowed a black family to rent part of a plantation, with the crop divided between worker and owner at the end of the year.

What was the significance of the Reconstruction Act of March 1867?

It divided the South into five military districts and called for the creation of new state governments, with black men given the right to vote.

Today, most countries aside from the United States, including all nations in Europe, limit automatic access to what right via ethnicity, culture, or religion?

birthright citizenship

What did three amendments to the U.S. Constitution guarantee to former slaves shortly after the Civil War?

freedom from slavery; recognition as citizens; and the vote for adult black men

What did Andrew Johnson focus on with his Reconstruction plan?

issuing presidential pardons

Which of the following statements accurately describes the sharecropping system?

Sharecroppers rented land and split the crops with the plantation owner.

The Enforcement Acts of 1870 and 1871

defined crimes that deprived citizens of their civil and political rights as federal offenses.