(DD) Arteries (49-62)
The blood supply of the mucosa of the *nasal septum* is derived mainly from the: a. facial artery b. maxillary artery c. inferior alveolar artery d. internal carotid artery.
*Maxillary Artery* - specifically the *sphenopalatine Artery*, a branch of the maxillary artery* supplies most of the blood of the nasal mucosa note. *branches of the MAXILLARY ARtery* is the Main blood supply of the Nose (via Sphenopalatine artery)
*remember* what are the *terminal branches* of the *external Carotid artery*?
*Maxillary Artery* and the * Superficial Temporal Artery* - are the *Terminal branches* of the *external carotid artery*
During a boxing match boxer got a blow on the *lateral side* of the *skull* he fell unconscious for several seconds. he was asymptomatic for the first 24 hours then he developed symptoms of elevated intracranial pressure (headache, nausea, and vomiting). which of the following arteries is most likely involved. a. inferior alveolar artery b. middle meningeal artery c. infraorbital artery d. deep temporal artery e. middle cerebral artery
*Middle Meningeal Artery* - is the third branch of the first part of the maxillary artery
*Vertebral Arteries* give rise to: a. anterior inferior cerebellar artery b. superior cerebellar artery c. posterior inferior cerebellar artery
*Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery* note: *basilar* gives rise to : anterior inferior cerebellar artery and Superior cerebellar artery.
Due to the position of the *Aorta, inferior vena cava*, and the *kidneys* in the body. Which *Renal* artery is Longer?
*Right Renal Artery* is normally *LONGER*
the *Ascending Aorta* is a short vessel that starts at the aortic opening of the left ventricle. the only branches of the ascending aorta are the?
*Right* and *left Coronary arteries* - which supply the *Heart muscle* notes: 1. the *Ascending Aorta* branches off into the Right and left coronary arteries. 2. the *aortic Arch* branches off into a. *brachiocephalic* b. *left common Carotid* c. *Left subclavian* 3. *Descending Aorta* - goes to the abdomen
Which Arteries Supplies blood to the *Palatine tonsils* ?
blood supply to the *palatine tonsils* 1. *Dorsal lingual A. (lingual A)* 2. *Ascending Palatine A.* (Facial A.) 3. *Tonsillar Branch* (Facial A.) 4. *Ascending pharyngeal A.* (External carotid A.) 5. *Lesser Palatine A.* (descending palatine A.)
the *Common Hepatic Artery* gives rise to which arteries?
the *Common Hepatic Artery* gives rise to: 1. * Gastroduodenal artery* 2. *Right Gastric Artery* 3. *Hepatic artery Proper* note: A. The *hepatic Artery Proper* gives rise to the: 1. *left* and *Right Hepatic Artery* 2. *Cystic Artery*
the *distal portion* of the *duodenum* receives arterial supply from the *inferior pacreaticoduodenal artery* which branches *FROM* the: a. celiac trunk b. gastroduodenal artery c. superior mesenteric artery d. inferior mesenteric artery
*Superior Mesenteric Artery* note: 1. the *distal portion* of the duodenum is supplied from the *inferior pacreaticoduodenal artery* which is a branch from the: *Superior mesenteric A.* 2. the *Duodenum proximal* to the entry of the bile duct receives its arterial supply from the *superior pacnreaticoduodenal* artery. a brand of the *Gastroduodenal* artery.
the *internal thoracic Artery* ends in the *sixth intercostal space* by dividing into the: a. anterior and posterior intercostal arteries b. subclavian and inferior epigastric arteries c. superior epigastric and musculophrenic arteries
*Superior epigastric a.* and *Musculphrenic A.* are the last 2 arteries of the *internal thoracic arteries* which are at the level of the *sixth Intercostal space* note: the *internal thoracic artery* supplies the anterior wall of the body* from the Clavicle to the umbilicus.
At what level does the *abdominal Aorta* descends within the the thorax on the left side of the vertebral column, passes *into* the *abdominal cavity* through the *aortic opening of the diaphragm*? a. T10 b. T12 c. T2 d. L4 e. L5
*T12* notes: 1. the aorta enters into the *abdominal cavity* at the level of the *Twelfth Thoracic Vertebrae*
1. the *Duodenum proximal* to the entry the *bile duct* receives its arterial supply from the ? 2. the *distal portion* of the *duodenum* receives its arterial supply from?
1. *Duodenum proximal* to the entry of the bile duct receives its arterial supply from the *superior pacnreaticoduodenal* artery. a branch of the *Gastroduodenal* artery. 2. the *distal portion* of the duodenum is supplied from the *inferior pacreaticoduodenal artery* which is a branch from the: *Superior mesenteric A.*
what are the branches of the *Maxillary Artery*?
Mnemonic: *DAM I AM* *P*iss *D*runk *B*ut *S*tupid *D*runk *I* *P*refer, *M*ust *P*hone *A*lcoholics *A*nonymous 1. *Deep Auricular artery* 2. *Anterior Tympanic A.* 3. *Middle Meningeal A.* 4. *Inferior Alveolar A.* 5. *Accessory Meingeal A.* 6. *Masseteric A.* 7. *Pterygoid A.* 8 *Deep Temporal A.* 9. *Buccinator A.* 10. *Sphenopalatine A.* 11. *Descending palatine A.* 12. *infraorbital A.* 13. *posterior Superor alveolar A.* 14. *Middle superior alveolar a.* 15. *pharyngeal A.* 16. *Anterior superior alveolar a. * 17. *Artery of the pterygoid canal*
what are the branches of the *Subclavian A.*?
Mnemonic: *VIT*amin *C* and *D* *Subclavian A. Branches*: 1. *Vertebral artery* 2. *internal thoracic artery* 3. * Thyrocervical trunk* 4. *Costocervical trunk* 5. *Dorsal scapular A.*
The *Subscapular artery* which supplies the *subscapularis muscle* Branches off the: a. subclavian artery b. 1st part of axillary artery c. 2nd part of axillary artery d. 3rd part of axillary artery
*3rd part of Axillary Artery* notes: parts of the *Axillary artery* 1. *First Part*: the part of the artery *Medial* to Pectoralis minor. it has only one branch *superior thoracic artery* 2. *Second part*: the part of the artery that lies behind the pectorals minor. it has 2 branches; -*Thoracoacromial artery* - *lateral thoracic Artery * 3. *Third Part*: the part of the artery *lateral* to pectorals minor. it has three branches; - *subscapular artery* -*anterior humeral circumflex* -*posterior humeral circumflex a.*
where do the *LET common Carotid arteries* branch off from? a. Aortic arch b. descending aorta c. Brachiocephalic artery d. Right coronary artery
*Aortic Arch*
the *aortic Arch* branches off into which arteries?
*Aortic arch* branches off into the: 1. *brachiocephalic* 2. *left common Carotid* 3. *Left subclavian* note: 1. the *Brachiocephalic trunk* further divides into the: *right subclavian* and the *right common carotid* arteries
which branch of the *External Carotid Artery* is the smallest branch? a. Superior Thyroid A. b. Ascending Pharyngeal A. c. Lingual A. d. Facial A.
*Ascending Pharyngeal A.* - is the smallest branch of the External carotid a.
where do the *right common Carotid arteries* branch off from? a. Aortic arch b. descending aorta c. Brachiocephalic artery d. Right coronary artery
*Brachiocephalic artery* note: the *right* Common Carotid A. branches off from the *brachiocephalic a.* which branches from the *arch of aorta*
the *lingual A.* arises from the external carotid after at the level of the TIP of the *Greater horn of the hyoid bone* in the Carotid cartilage. Which branch of the *lingual A.* supplies the *APEX* of the Tongue. the (*Anterior Superficial Tongue*) a. Dorsal lingual A. b. Suprahyoid c. sublingual a. d. Deep lingual A.
*Deep lingual A* - supplies the *apex of the Tongue*
Examination of a patient with an Ulcerative Carcinoma of the posterior third of the tongue revealed bleeding from the lesion and difficulty swallowing (dysphagia). the bleeding was seen to be arterial, which of the following arteries was involved: a. Deep Lingual Artery. b. dorsal lingual artery c. tonsillar artery d. sublingual artery
*Dorsal Lingual Artery* - The *Dorsal lingual artery* runs on the superficial surface of the tongue. it is a branch of the *lingual artery* that deliver blood to the *posterior superficial tongue* notes: 1. the *lingual A.* arises from the External carotid artery at the level of the tip of the *greater horn* of the hyoid bone. 2. the *deep lingual A.* supplies the *Apex of the tongue*
Which nerve gives *TASTE* Sensation to the *Anterior 2/3 of the tongue* a. Trigeminal N. (CN V) b. Hypoglossal N. (CN XII) c. Glossopharyngeal N. (CN IX) d. Facial N (CN VII) e. Vagus N. (CN X)
*Facial N. (CN VII)* gives TASTE Sensation to the *Anterior 2/3 of the tongue* Taste sensation to the tongue: 1. *anterior 2/3* - *Facial N. (CN VII)* 2. *Posterior 1/3* - *glossopharyngeal* - note: same as sensory innervation.
Which statement is *CORRECT* regarding the *Vertebral arteries* ? a. inside the skull, the two vertebral arteries join up to form the basilar arteries b. they arise from thyrocervical trunk c. they enter the skull through the carotid canal d. they pass through the transverse foramina of all 7 cervical vertebrae
*Inside the Skull, the TWO Vertebral arteries join up to form the BASILAR Artery* notes: 1. the *Vertebral arteries* are major arteries of the neck. they branch from the *Subclavian arteries* and merge to form the single medicine basilar artery in a complex called the vertebrobasilar system.
At what level does the *abdominal Aorta* BIFURCATE into the *common iliac arteries* and also gives rise to the *middle sacral artery* a. T10 b. T12 c. T2 d. L4 e. L5
*L4* - the abdominal aorta *Bifuractes* at the level of the *L4* and also gives rise to the middle sacral arteries and common iliac arteries. notes: 1. the *aorta* is the main trunk of a series of vessels that convey the oxygenated blood to the tissues of the body for their nutrition. 2. at the level of the *Fourth Lumbar Vertebrae* the abdominal aorta divides into the *two common iliac arteries* note: a *characteristic feature* of the aorta is that it contains * a lot of elastic fibers* in its tunica media* (middle layer of blood vessel wall)
what is the major arterial origin supplying the *Mandibular anterior Teeth* a. Mandibular artery b. Facial artery c. Vertebral Artery d. Maxillary Artery
*Maxillary Artery* - is a branch of the *external carotid artery* note: the Maxillary artery supplies the *mandibular anterior teeth* through the *Inferior alveolar Branch* of the maxillary artery. the *Maxillary Artery* 1. ASAN 2. MSAN 3. PSAN the *Mandibular Teeth* 1 *Inferior alveolar artery*
which of the following statements is *TRUE* regarding the *Left* and *Right Renal Arteries* a. they both arise from the abdominal aorta below the superior mesenteric artery b. the left renal artery is longer than the right renal artery c. the right renal artery is somewhat higher than the left renal artery d. the right neural artery arises below the superior mesenteric artery, which the left one arises below the superior mesenteric artery, while the left one arises below the inferior mesenteric artery
*They both arise from the abdominal aorta below the Superior mesenteric artery* note: *Renal Arteries*: normally arise off the side of the abdominal aorta, immediately below the superior mesenteric artery, and supply the kidneys with blood.
which of these is responsible for the innervation of the *palatoglossus Muscle* of the *tongue*? a. Hypoglossal n. (CN XII) b. Vagus n (CN X) c. Glossopharyngeal (CN IX) d. Facial N. (CN VII)
*Vagus N. (CN X)* - supplies the *palatoglossus Muscle* note: all of the Muscles of the tongue Except for the palatoglossus muscle are supplied by the *hypoglossal N.(CN XII)*
Which nerve gives *Sensory Innervation* of the tongue to the AREA near the *epiglottis* ? a. Trigeminal N. (CN V) b. Hypoglossal N. (CN XII) c. Glossopharyngeal N. (CN IX) d. Facial N (CN VII) e. Vagus N. (CN X)
*Vagus N.* via *internal Laryngeal N.* - gives sensory innervation to the area near the epiglottis.
which part of the *Axillary artery* is found on the *medial* side of the *pectoralis minor* gives rise to the *superior thoracic artery* a. First part b. Second Part c. Third Part
*first Part* notes: parts of the *Axillary artery* 1. *First Part*: the part of the artery *Medial* to Pectoralis minor. it has only one branch *superior thoracic artery* 2. *Second part*: the part of the artery that lies behind the pectorals minor. it has 2 branches; -*Thoracoacromial artery* - *lateral thoracic Artery * 3. *Third Part*: the part of the artery *lateral* to pectorals minor. it has three branches; - *subscapular artery* -*anterior humeral circumflex* -*posterior humeral circumflex a.*
all of the following are direct branches of the *Subclavian* artery, *EXCEPT* one. a. Internal thoracic artery b. thyrocervical artery c. Inferior thyroid artery d. dorsal scapular artery
*inferior thyroid artery* - (which is a brach of the *thyrocervical trunk*) note: *Subclavian A. Branches*: 1. *Vertebral artery* 2. *internal thoracic artery* 3. * Thyrocervical trunk* 4. *Costocervical trunk* 5. *Dorsal scapular A.* Mnemonic: *VIT*amin *C* and *D*
which artery supplies the *Urinary Bladder*?
*internal iliac arteries*
which arteries supply the *lesser Curvature* of the stomach?
*lesser Curvature of the Stomach* is supplied by the: 1. *Right Gastric A.* - Interiorly 2. *Left Gastric A.*- Superiorly, which also supplies cardiac region
Which nerve gives *Sensory Innervation* to the *Anterior 2/3 of the tongue* a. Trigeminal N. (CN V) b. Hypoglossal N. (CN XII) c. Glossopharyngeal N. (CN IX) d. Facial N (CN VII) e. Vagus N. (CN X)
*lingual branch* of the *Trigeminal N. (CN V3)* note: 1. the *anterior 2/3 of the tongue* is supplied by *CN V3* - V3 is the Mandibular branch of the Trigeminal N. 2. the *posterior 1/3* of tongue is supplied by the *glossopharyngeal n. (CN IX)*
*remember* (information about the tongue) 1. which nerve supplies *Motor Innervation* to the *tongue*? 2. which nerves supply *Sensory* innervation to the tongue? 3. Which nerves supply *Taste Sensation* to the tongue?
1. the *Hypoglossal N. (CN XII)* supplies *motor Innervation* to the tongue. - except for the Palatoglossus Muscle, which is supplied by the * Vagus N. (CN X)* 2. A. the *Lingual branch* of *CN V3* supplies the *Anterior 2/3 of the tongue* B. The *glossopharyngeal N. (CN IX)* supplies the *Posterior 1/3 of the tongue*. C. *vagus N. (CN X)* through the *internal Laryngeal N.* supplies the area near the *epiglottis* 3. A. *facial N. (CN VII)* via *chorda tympani* supplies the *Anterior 2/3 for TASTE* B. *Glossopharyngeal (CN IX)* supplies the *Posterior 1/3 for TASTE*
Which branch of the *Arch of Aorta* supplies the: 1. *upper limbs* ? 2. *head and Neck* ? a. Subclavian arteries b. right and left common carotid arteries c. neither d. coronary arteries
1. the *Upper limbs* are suppled by the * Subclavian arteries* 2. the * head and Neck* are supplied by the *Right and Left Common carotid arteries*
Which *Arteries* supplies the *Greater Curvature of the STOMACH* ?
Blood supply to the *greater curvature of the Stomach*: 1. *Right Gastroepiploic* 2. *Left Gastroepiploic* 3. *Short Gastric Arteries* note: 1. all of the arteries of the stomach are derived directly or indirectly from the *celiac trunk*
