DEAD Pathology questions I missed

This disease results from a failure of the adrenal gland to function properly causing bleeding into the gland. Caused by a severe infection with meningococcus bacteria, it moves through the body causing hemorrhage, it is likely fatal.

Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome

A benign tumor commonly found on mucous membranes is

a polyp

A term that represents a common complication of healing is

adhesions

Which of the following would NOT be a form of emboli?

adhesions

Two glands that sit one atop each kidney, made up of two parts, the cortex and the medulla. The cortex produces hormones that are vital to life, such as cortisol (helps regulate metabolism and stress) and aldosterone (essential for blood pressure control). The medulla, produces nonessential hormones such as adrenaline . Also these glands are called suprarenal glands.

adrenal

The presence of serum protein in the urine is called

albuminuria

Which of the following might be a post mortem condition of pneumonia?

all of these

Of the following neoplasms, the one that is malignancy composed of the epithelial tissue of a gland is

an adenocarcinoma

A dilated portion of an artery is referred to as a(n)

aneurysm

Of the following which one would be a predisposing cause of disease?

biological sex

I provide structural support for the heart, lung and bone marrow; I protect the brain, the uterus and other internal organs; I provide attachment sites for muscles, I am a reservoir for calcium and phosphorus, I defend against acidosis and I trap dangerous minerals. These are the functions I provide for us. What am I?

bone

This is responsible for all basic life systems function including heartbeat, blood pressure and breathing:

brain stem

Phenol is also called:

carbolic acid

The formation of calculi in the gall bladder is called

cholelithiasis

Edema is a likely result of which of these:

congestive heart failure

A government official whose job it is to confirm and certify the death of an individual within a jurisdiction; may also conduct an inquest as to identity of the deceased as well as cause and manner of death. In the Middle Ages, this title referred to a "person of the crown".

coroner

A hereditary disease of exocrine glands, especially affecting the pancreas and respiratory system with occlusion, infections, and cyst formation is:

cystic fibrosis

What is an infarct?

dead tissue

A disorder of the pituitary gland characterized by intense thirst and the excretion of large amounts of urine is:

diabetes insipidus

A disease associated with the Islets of Langerhans of the pancreas marked by an insufficient production of insulin is

diabetes mellitus

The condition in which the structure and function of the body is altered as a result of injury to the tissue is called:

disease

A circulatory disorder that is often found to occur as an after-effect of a diseased heart valve is

embolism

A foreign object moving within the blood stream is called a(n) ___.

embolism

I have this condition where I have lesions in my long bones. I can't seem to grow new bones and the bone that I do have tends to thicken, can become soft and coarse, and cause me pain and deformity, my disease affects my legs, vertebrae and skull most often. My legs are typically bowed and I cause painful arthritic changes. My disease is also known as Paget's Disease but my medical name is

osteitis deformans

Accumulation of blood in a part due to venous obstruction is called

passive hyperemia

An excessive amount of blood in a body part due to decreased venous drainage is called

passive hyperemia

Enlargement of the heart to offset a valvular defect is

pathological hypertrophy

Acute diffuse inflammation of subcutaneous connective tissue describes

phlegmon

Shrinkage of the uterus after menopause is called

physiological atrophy

Enlargement of breasts during lactation is

physiological hypertrophy

More than the normal total volume of blood in the body is a condition known as

plethora

Conditions to make a body more susceptible to disease without actually causing it are called

predisposing conditions

The form of anemia that is due to malfunction of the hematopoietic tissue is identified by the term

primary

Which of the following may be considered a predisposing factor of disease?

race

Various pathological processes indicating a disturbance in cell metabolism are called:

regressive tissue changes

Replacement of dead tissue cells with connective tissue cells is a process called

repair

A disorder believed to develop as an after effect of a severe streptococcal infection is

rheumatic heart disease

The form of anemia that develops as a complication of another disease such a hemorrhage is identified by the term

secondary

An otherwise healthy II year old male was taken to his physician for persistent headache over 4 days despite treatment with Tylenol and Advil at home. He had intermittent vomiting and fever for three days and has taken little by mouth (food or drink) over the last 36 hours. He had a recent upper respiratory infection two weeks ago. The doctor sends him to the lab for tests and on the way, the mom notices her son is more sleepy and non-responsive. He further develops shaking movements on the left side of his body. 911 is called and an ambulance responds and transfers him to the ER. He is unresponsive to voice commands and is exhibiting shallow respiration. His pupils are equal and reactive. He has several bug bites on his extremities without signs of inflammation, petechiae or bruises. His doctor suspects __________________, an acute infection with local or diffuse inflammation of the brain usually from viral causes.

encephalitis

Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the lining of the cervix of the uterus is

endocervicitis

Inflammation of the small intestine is called

enteritis

A malignant tumor of the skin could be which one of the following?

epithelioma

A marked increase in the number of red blood cells is a condition referred to as

erythrocytosis

The expulsion of blood of a gastric origin from the mouth is

hematemesis

An overactive thyroid; your thyroid makes an excess of thyroid hormone that speeds up bodily functions and increases metabolism. Signs and symptoms begin slowly, but over time may include unexplained weight loss; increased appetite; rapid or irregular heartbeat; nervousness and anxiousness; feeling irritable; trouble sleeping; trembling, increased sweating, feeling hot when others do not, diarrhea and changes in eyes. The most common example of this condition is Grave's Disease.

hyperthyroid

Arterial thrombosis may cause

ischemia

Any structural change that occurs in a disease is a

lesion

That branch of pathology concerned with accidents and homicides is called

medico-legal pathology

Of the following neoplasms, the one most likely to cause death is

melanoma

The action of gastro-intestinal secretions upon blood in the digestive tract cause formation of very dark, tarry feces known as:

melena

Inflammation of the uterus is called

metritis

Atrophy of the thyroid gland in adults may result in:

myxedema

The peripheral nervous system is composed of the _______________ of the body through which the brain and spinal cord communicate with various body parts.

nerves

Which of the following is a type of pigmented benign neoplasm?

nevus

the prefix "neo" means

new

A 34 year old man was referred to the dermatologist for evaluation of a skin rash that has appeared on his abdomen 3 weeks earlier and over the last week had spread to his entire body. He visited a clinic that ordered a topical steroid cream that did not work. He had no history of travel, fever, joint pain, medication or illicit drug use. He did admit to unprotected oral sex about 6 weeks prior to the onset of his lesions. 5 years earlier the patient had tested negative for HIV but had not been re-tested. He appeared nervous, had some swelling of lymph glands, and his entire body, including the palms of his hands and the soles of his feet with circular lesions. Blood samples were taken for VORL and HIV and both came back positive. He was diagnosed with a secondary form of a spirochete called Treponema pallidum, otherwise known as __________________.

secondary syphilis

The chronic narrowing of the lumen of the esophagus is called:

stenosis

Inflammation of the mouth is called

stomatitis

Florence is complaining of a sudden onset of a severe headache, neck stiffness and back pain. She recalled her attempts at moving a particularly heavy coffee table, with the explosive headache developing soon afterwards. Her physician concluded she had suffered a neck sprain secondary to heavy lifting. No other diagnosis was considered. She was given pain medication and told to return if not better. In the following days, Florence's response to the pain medication was minimal and she went to the ER where stronger pain meds were prescribed. She had an x-ray of her neck as well. The next day a family member found Florence vomiting and displaying signs of confusion. On admission to the ER, a CT scan was ordered revealing bleeding in the area between the brain and the thin tissues that cover the brain due to trauma or an aneurysm, into the _________________ space and she was rushed for emergency surgery.

subarachnoid

A number of symptoms taken together which indicates the presence of a particular disease is a

syndrome

Treponema pallidum is an organism which will cause

syphilis

General paresis is caused by syphilis in the

tertiary stage

A blood clot that has formed within a blood vessel during life and remains fixed in place is called a(n) ___.

thrombus

This gland is butterfly in shape and located just above the collarbone. The hormones produced by this gland control the rate of many activities in your body such as how fast you burn calories or how fast your heart beats - activities that regulate your metabolism. What is this gland?

thyroid

Characterized by edema of the face and extremities, extremely elevated blood pressure and high levels of protein in the urine in the third trimester of pregnancy:

toxemia of pregnancy

An area of necrosis in which the dead cells are sloughed from a free surface is called a(an)

ulcer

A toxic condition associated with renal insufficiency is

uremia

Dilation of the spermatic vein is known as

varicocele

A twisting segment of intestine is known as

volvulus