Death and Dying test One
hapa
(hawaiian) mixed-race families
Name 3 criteria of the Death System****
- certification of death -medical ethics: cross-cultural -capital punishment -autopsies -assessing Homicide -defining and determining death
When was the Uniform Determination of Death Act established
1980 by Presidents Commission for Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine
difference between criminal and non criminal homicide
-deliberate intent vs self-defense/defense of another person
What percentage of Americans are affiliated with a religious tradition?
90%
What is the difference between a death notice and an obituary?
A death notice is a newspaper article written and paid for by the family detailing the person's life and death, information about the funeral. An obituary is written by the newspaper staff. (it talks about the same things as a death notice)
which group of people have the highest death anxiety? (M/F, white v black, youth/adult)
F, black, youth
Which countries did the Tsunami affect?
Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia (12 countries total)
Speculum mortis
a phrase that defines how death became the mirror in which a dying person could discover his or her destiny by taking a moral balance sheet of his/her life
What is a charnel house?
a structure containing the bones and skulls of christians
cultural sensitivity
avoid stereotyping, beware of judging the worth of other communities, understand that culture is not defined simply by ethnicity
in 1861, Queen Victoria set the trend for elaborate funeral etiquette when Prince Albert passed away. What ideal did she represent?
beautiful death
A reaction to stress in which a caregiver goes beyond the state of exhaustion and depression to "past caring" is called?
burnout
Samhain
celtic festival, precursor of halloween, where contact between the living and the dead is possible. Druids acted as intermediaries between living & dead
Ch'ing Ming
chinese celebration where families visit graves and burn paper replicas of money, clothes, jewelry, and modern necessities as a way of showing regard and care for deceased relatives
Jean Piaget's model of development emphasizes
cognitive transformations
What type of orientation do traditional societies typically embrace when seeking the cause of death?
ecological
T/F: A "dirge" is a happy song expressing a good death.
false
T/F: According to symbolic interactionism, learning about social norms occurs through imitation, modeling and reinforcement.
false
T/F: Gospel and classical music have usually not included death themes in their compositions.
false
T/F: ethnic traits, not cultural factors have an impact on methods of coping
false
T/F: in the 1900's, children were forbidden from attending burial rites.
false
T/F:When questioned about the ways people die, children in violent environments tend to answer similarly to those whose lives are sheltered.
false
T/F:Following the assassination of Kennedy, older children were more concerned than younger children about the appearance of the president's body.
false ( were more concerned about impact on politics)
T/F: according to the lecture, Dr. Debakey performed the first successful adult heart transplant
false (xenotransplant. the significance of his findings wasn't determined until 20 years later. Performed by Barnaard)
T/F: the dance of death involved flags and banners
false, it involved elaborate poems
The term "Capital Punishment" is often called the "Death Sentence"
false.. death penalty
During the middle ages, what practices surrounded the death of person?
family and friends were present, a dying person turned away from the earthly realm and to the divine, lying down with the deceased's head facing East toward Jerusalem
What items did the Neanderthals burry with their dead to assist them in the passage from the land of the living to the land of the dead?
food, stone implements, ornamental shells
The most dramatic changes to a child's understanding of death occur from ages..:
four to nine (5-10)
HOPI
funeral rituals private and attended by few people, mourners reticent about expressing grief, wish to avoid death completely
What is the attitude of African traditions towards death?
generally positive
Hispanic American funerals tend to..
have humor and storytelling about the deceased
In Chinese funerals, what is burned for the deceased to use in the next life?
hell notes
butsudan
home alter used for remembrance and honor and/or dead cremated in the haka (family gravesite) J
what are the different modes of death on the certificate?
homicide, suicide, natural, accidental
fijian mythology has death centered upon
human transgression
COCOPA
invite spirits to join them in ritual celebration, possessions burned with body for use in afterlife, ceremony held to mourn and commemorate
What is the controversy associated with Capital Punishment?
it is ironic to combat murder with killing
Which 19th century funeral ritual brought the family together during the funeral process?
keeping a vigil, ringing the death bell, slumber room at the mortuary
What was the first milestone for organ transplantation and when did it take place?
kidney transplant, 1954
ethnocentrism
making judgements about other based solely on one's own cultural assumptions and biases
Here lies John Doe is an example of..
memorialization
CHEROKEE
multi soul concept (soul leaves body at death. 2nd soul in liver takes a week to die, 3rd soul in heart takes a month to die, 4th soul in bones takes a year to die)
referring to a deceased individual as "that one" is an example of?
name avoidance
OHLONE
name of deceased not mentioned for 6 months to a year, personal possessions burned with corpse
difference between funerals of 19th century vs now (concerning friends and family)
people are more spectators now than actual participants; death is "tastefully concealed."
Name 3 components of a Death System
people, place, time, object, symbol
In Erickson's model, approximately what age marks the beginning of the child's moral sense?
preschool/kindy
difference between psychopath and sociopath
psycho- behavior occurs b/c of cerebral malfunction socio- behavior occurs because of social interaction
According to Erickson, development depends significantly on the environment and is linked to the individual's...
relationship with others
What did the Neanderthal corpse stained with red ochre and placed in the fetal position suggest in burial?
revitalization and rebirth
What is another name for vital signs?
signs of life
Rockabye Baby
start of death education in lullabies, mourning songs.
Which of the following are included in the five major institutions delineated by sociologists? 1. religion 2. family 3. economy 4. peers
the five are: religion, family, economy,education, and politics
Gilgamesh went on a journey to find what?
the secret to immortality
Why are hospitals obligated to push organ donation?
there is a shortage of available organs to ration out to the major list of awaiting patients
What is the role of children in hawaiian family gatherings and rituals?
they are an important part of family gatherings
What aspects are placed into death notifications to ease the pain on survivors?
timely notification, details of efforts to save life, explanation of the cause of death, appropriate emotional support
what public tradition signified that someone had passed away?
tolling of the bell
kanikau
traditional hawaiian poetic lament, carefully composed or spontaneously created commemorating a person's death
According to the Uniform Anatomical Gif Act any person over the age of 18 can donate organs.
true
T/F: An example of the term resocialization is the starting of a new job.
true
T/F: In celtic tradition, death on battlefield was considered glorious ***
true
T/F: according to social learning theory, people learn how to behave as members of society through conditioning
true
T/F: at the time of the 911 attack, the tower's estimated construction cost had risen to 3.9 billion and was the most expensive building in the world
true
T/F: murder is always a homicide, but a homicide is not always a murder
true
T/F: the Vietnam Veterans Memorial is an example of contemporary mourning art.
true
T/F:A lament and "keening" are musical expressions associated with death
true
T/F:The publication in 1975 that sparked the current interest in life after life and/or near death experiences was by Dr. Raymond Moody.
true
When disclosing a life threatening diagnosis you should keep it simple.
true
Psychosocial stages
Erikson
Define teachable moment. Is this formal or informal? what is the importance of such a moment?
- a teachable moment is part of informal death education. It is a point in the developing individual's life in which the an event surrounding death and dying leaves a large impact on that person's understanding of death's place in the world.
Define thanatology. What are some academic disciplines that are involved? What is the historical background?
-study of death and dying - political, clinical, psychological, sociology, anthropological, nursing, religion -formal (first class was at U of Minn, taught by Fulton in 1963) and informal (through teachable moments)
3 areas of Psychological First Aid
1. the rescue and treatment of survivors 2. the repair and maintenance of basic services 3. the recovery and management of the bodies
What percent of nursery rhymes deal with death or mistreatment?
50%
Which people group was among the earliest to develop belief in personal mortality?
Celts
Which festival celebrates the return of the dead in Chinese culture?
Ch'ing Ming
Danse macabre =
Dance of Death, reflected inevitability and impartiality of death, influenced by the plague
What is the meaning of George Gerbner's "mean world" syndrome?
Depictions of death in the mass media that are embedded in a structure of violence that conveys a heightened sense of danger. --the symbolic use of death contributes to a discourse of fear and an irrational dread of dying
How can one note they would like to be an organ donor?
Donor Card, symbol on drivers license or ID card
in which cultural tradition are the dead given a special name to indicate their status?
Japanese
o-bon festival
Japanese festival to celebrate the return of ancestral spirits to their families. Strong association between the ancestor's spirit and ongoing benefits to the family
"hibakusha"
Japanese word meaning "explosion-affected" (Hiroshima, Nagasaki) later went on to refer to pervasive anxiety about the threat of annihilation
Katrina essay
Katrina is an example of federal failure to heed environmental threats and properly respond. Poor people were disproportionally affected. We need to pay attention to changes in the environment and adequately prepare. We can prepare by taking protective measures against eroding. We need to take caution when developing coastlines that are at risk. We need to think ahead and ensure there will be sufficient resources to respond.
which people group have funeral ceremonies that span from six months to several years, mourning companions and "mourning restraints based on their relationship to the deceased?
Lodagga
Chinese version of Little Red Riding Hood?
Lon Po Po
differences in westernized culture and chinese literature influences regarding death: little red riding hood
Mass media has a powerful socializing influence, answers questions, teaches. american - single person facing the wolf, saved by someone else chinese- group of three kids working together, group effort to do away with the wolf
"It is a good day to die" signified..
Native Americans saw death as a natural event
who coined the term "death systems" and what does it describe?
Robert Kastenbaum, the network of the relationship between a person and death created by his/her society
In celtic traditions, what is the term for the breach in time when contact between the living and the dead was especially possible?
Samhain
death related themes in nursery rhymes
accounts of murder, choking to death, torment and cruelty, maiming, misery, lost/abandoned children, poverty & war
What is the shaman's duty in traditional societies?
act as an intermediary between the living and the dead
How has life expectancy and mortality rates changed in the US?
acute --> chronic disease life expectancy has increased due to a number of factors mortality rates have dropped (not as many encounters with death)
How do the Japanese typically dispose of their dead?
cremation followed by burial of the ashes
The largest area of empirical study in the field of thanatology
death anxiety
what official registration is considered the most important legal procedure following a death?
death certificate (funeral directors are typically responsible for this; obtains data from different people & officially files the certificate)
Native American Traditions of Death
death viewed as a natural event, "it's a good day to die" reverence for bones of ancestral dead
What focus do traditional societies tend to have in regards to the deceased? (loss, respect, anger, reincarnation)
deep respect for the soul
Why does the relationship between the victim and killer play a part in determining whether the homicide was lawful or unlawful?
depending on the relationship, the reasoning may be rationalized (self defense, crime of passion, avoiding abuse)
