Delgado Biology Test 2

67) Many eukaryotic cells possess flagella or cilia, which have the characteristic ___ arrangement of microtubules

9+2

Prokaryotes have _________ which allows bacterial cells to change genes.

pilli

Which structure is the repository of the genetic information that directs all of the activities of the cell?

Nucleus

Which of the following is not a macromolecule: a) Carbohydrate b) Water c) Nucleic acids d) Proteins

Water

_________ is the most important carbohydrate.

c6h12o6 - Glucose

Prokaryotic cells have _________ used for movement, digestion and respiratory,

cika

The cytoplasmic space in eukaryotic cells is occupied by many diverse membrane-bound structures with specific cellular functions called:

Organelles

The interior of eukaryotic cells contain numerous membrane-bound structures called:

Organelles

Proteins are created with

Peptide bonds

The lipid layer that forms the foundation of cell membranes is primarily composed of molecules called __________.

Phospholipids

Three of the four macromolecules present in living systems are ____ which means they are built by linking together small, similar chemical monomers

Polymers

One function of protein

Protein catalyst

Non-polarity and insolubility characterize biological compounds known as _____

Proteins

____ are polymers containing up to 20 different kinds of naturally occurring amino acids

Proteins

Alpha helix and beta pleated sheets are examples of which level of protein structure

Secondary

Carbon can make what kind of bonds?

Single, Double, Triple

Polymers are made of _________ molecules called _________ linked together.

Smaller, monomers

Some ribosomes are embedded into:

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

All ___ contain a plasma membrane

Cells

Ribo, as in Ribonucleic acid means _________.

Sugar

Even though they were similarly created by endosymbiosis, ____ are important in respiration, while chloroplasts are involved in photosynthesis

Mitochondria

Carbohydrates are polymers formed of structural units called:

Monosaccharides

Are Lipids a monomer or polymer?

Neither

The information storage molecules of cells are called

Nucleic acids

Which of the following is not found in RNA?

Thymine

A distinctive feature of eukaryotes is the organization of tightly packaged chromosomal DNA with proteins into a membrane-bound structure called a:

Nucleus

The nitrogen base not found in DNA is called

Uracil

Double Helix base pairing rule is _________.

A its T (or U in RNA) & C with G

Phospholipids are created with

A phosphate and 2 fatty acids bonded to glycerol

The cell theory includes all of the following except a) All organisms are composed of one or more cells b) All cells need oxygen c) Cells vary in size and shape

All cells need oxygen

Lysosomes are vesicles bounded by membrane that contain oxidative enzymes. Their function include all of the following except:

Allow bacteria to pass through unaffected

Proteins are polymers formed of structural units called

Amino acids

DNA and RNA are similar in some respects and different in others. Which of the following statements is not accurate about their similarities? a) Both DNA and RNA nucleotides contain the nitrogen bases adenine, cytosine, and guanine b) Both DNA and RNA are always double helices c) Both DNA and RNA contain monosaccharide sugars on their respective nucleotides

Both DNA and RNA are always double helices

_________ are the most plentiful biomolecule.

Carbohydrates

Which organic compounds are polymers?

Carbohydrates, Protein, Nucleic Acid

This atom in its unbound state has four valence electrons. These electrons readily form single, double, and even triple bonds among themselves to become stable. This atom is:

Carbon

All organic compounds have _________ and _________.

Carbon, Hydrogen (4 electrons in outer shell, 4 vacancies)

Which of the following best describes an enzyme a) Reacts with other enzymes to form a product b) Catalyzes chemical reactions c) Structural protein

Catalyzes chemical reactions

Photosynthetic bacterial membranes are located in the

Cell walls

Which of the following is not present in all eukaryotic cells?

Cell walls

Lipids are fatty acids that provide _________ and _________.

Cushion, insulation

A semi-fluid matrix called the ____ occupies the area between the nucleus and the plasma membrane

Cytoplasm

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are the other organelles besides the nucleus that contain

DNA

The covalent bonds connecting monomer units in sugars can be formed by the removal of a water molecule. A reaction referred to as:

Dehydration

Lipids are the only class of macromolecules that contain:

Fatty acids

Protein has the most diverse _________.

Functions

Which of the following is a DNA sequence capable of pairing with CGATTAGT

GCTAATCA

The simplest and the most common monosaccharaide is a 6-carbon sugar called

Glucose

The eukaryotic organelle that is directly involved in the transport of proteins synthesized on the surface of the rough ER is called

Golgi Complex

The delivery system of eukaryotic cells called the ___ can collect, package, modify, and transport molecules:

Golgi apparatus

Flattened sacks of membranes apparently involved in the packaging and export of molecules synthesized in the cell are known as

Golgi bodies

Who first described cells?

Hooke

What is hydrolysis?

It breaks down polymers into monomers with the addition of water.

Which of the following macromolecules are characteristically water-insoluble: a) proteins b) nucleic acids c) carbohydrates d) lipids

Lipids

Membrane-bound organelles that contain powerful enzymes found in cells are known as:

Lysosomes

Lipids have _________ charge.

no

Lipids are hydro-_________.

phobic