Developmental psych. adolescence TEST 3
Tim and Carol are upset because they recently discovered that their 13-year-old daughter has already engaged in sexual intercourse. What other types of problems is their daughter likely to have?
All of the above
Christi suffers from chronic depression. She also has unsuccessfully tried to quit smoking cigs several times over the past year. Cristi's problems fall into which category?
Comorbidity
Eduardo engages in binge drinking. This means that he:
Has more than five alcoholic drinks at least once during the past two weeks
all of the following are DSM-5 symptoms of Persistent Depressive Disorder EXCEPT:
High energy
biological predispositions toward antisocial behavior include all of the following EXCEPT:
High levels of serotonin
According to the text, who is more likely to be sexually active earlier? Ingrid, who lives in a single-parent home, or Leanne, who lives in a two-parent home?
Ingrid
According to social control theory, delinquency is caused by:
a lack of bonds to the family, the school, or the workplace
As used in the study of adolescence, the term intimacy refers to an emotional attachment between two people that is characterized by all of the following, except:
a sexual relationship
Children's friendships are based on _____, whereas adolescents' friendships are based on _____.
activities; intimacy
which list correctly ranks substances used by adolescents from most to least popular?
alcohol, marijuana, cigarettes, amphetamines
an adolescent may have an intimate relationship with
all of the above
During infancy, Julia formed a secure attachment with her parents. This attachment has formed the basis for all her future approaches to interpersonal relationships. According to attachment theorists, Julia is employing:
an internal working model
Dara suffers from depression. What type of disorder does depression reflect?
an internalizing disorder
_________ is an example of an internalizing disorder; ___________ is an example of an externalizing disorder:
anxiety; delinquency
this attachment style is characterized by ambivalence on the part of the infant to the caregiver
anxious-resistant
researchers have identified all of the following EXCEPT as protective factors that decrease adolescent substance abuse.
avoidance in religious activities
which of the following is NOT a risk factor for developing substance abuse problems?
being involved in a sexual relationship between ages of 16 and 18
members of which of the following racial groups are most likely to become sexually experienced at earlier ages?
black
Adolescents high in rejection sensitivity show a _______ pattern of brain activity in response to exclusion, and are ___________ likely to develop symptoms of depression.
different; more
Research has found that amoung high school students those who make "virginity pledges" are ______ likely to have sex and _____ likely to deny making the pledge.
equally; more
according to the textbook, all of the following are factors that affect an individual's vulnerability to the negative effects of stress EXCEPT:
ethnic background
Theodore has been referred to as an "acting-out" adolescent. He engages in delinquent behavior. Theodore is most likely exhibiting:
externalizing symptomatology
Alcohol and marijuana are considered _____ drugs because they are almost always used before harder drugs.
gateway
Carol, an eighth-grader, spends a good deal of time with her parents. She likely spends a ____________ of time with her friends
good deal
research suggests that with regard to the link between adolescents' relationships with their peers and their families:
improving the quality of relationships at home with parents can help adolescents improve their peer relationships
young people who abuse alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs are more likely to experience all of the following EXCEPT:
increased popularity
lowering the minimum purchasing age for alcohol significantly _______ the rate of alcohol- related car crashes among younger drivers.
increases
Sullivan emphasized the social aspects of growth, suggesting that psychological development can be best understood when looked at in:
interpersonal terms
in contrast to Sullivans views social scientists now believe the crucial interpersonal challenge for the young adolescent is the transition from _______ to _______ relationships.
non romantic; romantic
what percentage of adolescents have had sexual intercourse by the 9th grade?
one- third
Research assessing parent- adolescent communication about sex has found all of the following except:
parent- adolescent communication about sex significantly lowers adolescents' likelihood of being sexually active across all ethnic groups.
according to Sullivan, the need for intimacy develops during
preadolescence
Bobbie Jo's employer has been sexually harassing her. Bobby Jo has decided to find a new job, which she will start next week, and she also has filed sexual harassment charges against her current employer. Bobbie jo is using ________ strategies to deal with her stress.
primary control
Based on Sullivan's theory of interpersonal development, intimacy is first expressed in:
same-sex relationships
________ strategies are more effective in situations that are clearly uncontrollable such as being diagnosed with a serious illness or learning that one's parents are getting divorced
secondary control
The people adolescents interact with online are mainly ________ the people they interact with offline and adolescents who use the internet for a lot of social networking are ________ socially isolated than their peers.
similar to; less
Many experts endorse a model of depression that suggests individuals who are predisposed toward internalizing problems will develop depression when they are exposed to chronic or acute stressors. This is called:
the diathesis- stress model
what percentage of teenage pregnancies are aborted?
25%
According to research by Diamond and Savin Williams _____ percent of adolescent boys and ______ percent of adolescent girls masturbate prior to age 18.
50; 25
By age 18 _____ percent of adolescents have had vaginal or oral sex.
80