DHN 101 - Ch. 5

Of the following alternative sweeteners, which one is banned for sale in the U.S. because of controversial research that indicated the substance caused bladder cancer in mice?

Cyclamate

Which of the following statements is true?

A diet that contains whole-grain foods may help relieve constipation.

According to scientific evidence, which of the following actions can help reduce a person's risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Losing excess body fat

Brandy: 85 mg/dl Mel: 63 mg/dl Bradley: 120 mg/dli James: 138 mg/dl

Normal fasting blood glucose Hypoglycemia Pre-diabetes Diabetes

High pressure inside the large intestine during bowel movements can cause small pouches called _____ to protrude through the intestinal wall.

diverticula

When these pouches are painfully inflamed, the condition is known as

diverticulitis

Fiber plays an important role in bowel health; a diet that is low in fiber leads to

hard feces that are difficult to eliminate during bowel movements

Lena's 4-year-old son is not well. He lacks much interest in playing, he has lost weight, his breath has a strange odor, and he seems to be thirsty all the time. Based on this information, Lena should

have her son tested for type 1 diabetes.

Insulin

helps glucose enter cells.

If excessive straining occurs during defecation, the anal veins can swell, causing

hemorrhoids

glucose molecule: Maltose Sucrose Lactose

monosaccharide: Glucose Frcutose Galactose

In people with type I diabetes who are not being treated for the condition, blood sugar levels remain high for several hours after eating a meal because their

pancreas does not make and release insulin.

Glycogen is

the form of carbohydrate that is stored in liver and muscle tissue.

For several weeks, Darren has not been feeling well. He has a family history of type 2 diabetes, so when he developed some major signs and symptoms of the disease, he made an appointment with his physician to be tested for diabetes. Based on this information, which of the following statements about Darren's current state of health is true? Mark all that apply.

-Darren has sores on his feet that are not healing. -Darren has been thirstier than in the past. -Darren has to make frequent trips to the bathroom to urinate.

Monosaccharide

-Fructose -Glucose -Galactose

Nonnutritive sweetener

-Sucralose -Acesulfame-K

Disaccharide

-Sucrose -Lactose -Maltose

Nutritive sweetener

-Sugar -Corn Syrup -Polydextrose -Sorbitol -Maltodextrin

Joshua has type 2 diabetes, and he does not control his blood glucose levels. As a result of his lack of control, which of the following conditions is he most likely to develop?

Blindness

Because animals store glycogen in their muscles, meat, fish, and poultry are good sources of the complex carbohydrate.

False

Brianna makes the hot oatmeal recipe that is provided on page 159, but she adds a tablespoon of butter and a tablespoon of wheat germ to the single-serving recipe. After she adds the butter and wheat germ, the cereal supplies about 407 kcal, 15 g fat, 54 g carbohydrate, and 14 g protein. Calculate the approximate percentages of total kcalories that are contributed by fat (yellow), carbohydrate (blue), and protein (orange) and fill in the pie chart according to your calculations.

Protein - 14% Carbohydrate - 53% Fat - 33%

Alicia has PKU. She would like to sweeten her coffee with a substance that provides 0 kcal/g. Based on this information, which of the following sweeteners supplies 0 kcal/g and is safe for her to use?

Sucralose

Pearson's mother and father have type 2 diabetes. To reduce his risk of this disease, Pearson should

avoid gaining excess weight.

Jennifer is not aware that she has type II diabetes. Her blood sugar level remains high after a meal because her

cells do not respond to insulin.

A low-fiber diet can contribute to infrequent bowel movements, which is a condition called

constipation

Max wants to restrict the added sugar intake of his 5-year-old son. He should

give the child low-fat milk with meals and snacks instead of regular soft drinks.

Franklin wants to limit his added sugar intake. He should

replace energy drinks with unsweetened tea.