Diet and Health 18

Risk Factors:

1. Age 2. Stress 3. Smoking 4. Genetics

Of the ten leading causes of illness and death, how many are associated directly with nutrition? a. 1 b. 4 c. 7 d. 10

4

The DASH Eating Plan

> Grains 6-8 oz > Veggies 2-2 1/2 C > Fruits 2-2 1/2 C > Milk 2-3 C > Lean Meats - 6 oz or less > Nuts, seeds, legumes - 4-5 oz week

•______________________of the arteries" - arteries lose their elasticity and is not efficient in pumping blood throughout the body.

Arteriosclerosis - harding

•_____________________of the arteries" the most common cause of CVD and is characterized by plaques along the inner walls of the arteries, which occlude the affected artery and restrict blood flow.

Atherosclerosos - clogging

Which of the following is NOT among the recommendations by health professionals to treat hypertension? A.Increase fiber intake B.Eat foods high in potassium C.If overweight, reduce weight D.Decrease intake of dairy products to avoid sodium

Decrease intake of dairy products to avoid sodium

It is leading cause of diabetes-related deaths?

Heart Disease

Which of the following risk factors for disease may be modified by diet? a. Age b. Gender c. Heredity d. Low HDL level

Low HDL level

By __________, most adults have at least one risk factor

Middle age

Most people with type 2 diabetes have a. sarcopenia. b. osteoporosis. c. excess body fat. d. insulin dependency

excess body fat.

True or False? Genetic and lifestyle risk are factors related to chronic disease?

True

Chronic

a disease of slow progress and long continuance.

Type 1 Diabetes

• LESS common type • Autoimmune disorder • Pancreas loses ability to synthesize insulin • Commonly occurs in childhood & adolescence • Need insulin injections or external pump

Complications of Chronic Diabetes

• Loss of circulation and nerve function • Neuropathy can result in amputation • Diseases of large blood vessels • CVD & Heart attacks • Diseases of small blood vessels • Retinopathy leading to Blindness • Diseases of kidney • Nephropathy leading cause of kidney failure and Dialysis

Type 2 Diabetes

• Most prevalent form of diabetes • Exact cause is unknown • Insulin resistance • Hyperinsulinemia • Amount of insulin is insufficient to compensate for diminished effect in cells

Two main types of Diabetes

• Type 1 5-10% • Type 2 90-95%

Other Recommendations for Diabetes

•Alcohol - Moderation •Type 1 diabetes •Adjust insulin to accommodate meals, physical activity, and health status •Nutrition therapy •Type 2 diabetes •Diet and regular moderate physical activity

Most common form of Death around the world is? Coronary heart disease (CHD or CVD) is most common form

•Coronary heart disease (CHD or CVD) •Usually caused by atherosclerosis

Chronic Diseases:

1. Cancers 2. Hypertension 3. Diabetes type 2 4. Obesity 5. Stroke

What are the top ten leading causes of Death in U.S.?

1. Heart Disease 2. Cancers 3. Chronic Lung Disease 4. Strokes 5. Accidents 6. Alzheimers Disease 7. Diabetes Mellitus 8. Kidney Disease 9. Influenza and Pneumonia 10. Suicide

Top 10 Risk factors for heart disease

1. Smoking 2. Hypertension 3. Lipids 4. Family History 5. Weight 6. Age - men > 45; women > 55 7. Inactivity 8. Diabetes 9. Poor diet 10. Race

How many know they have? How many don't know?.

> 18 Million Know they have it > 7 Million don't know

How many are diagnosed with diabetes?

> 26 million > 8.3% of US population

_____ million Americans have prediabetes. Only _____ know they have it!

> 79 million > 10%

The DASH diet is actually the acronym for a)Dramatic Alternatives to Solving HIV. b)Diabetes and Sodium Hyperglycemia. c)Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension. d)Disorders-Associated Severe Hyperlipidemias

Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension

What blood cholesterol carrier is of greatest concern in atherosclerosis? a. HDL b. LDL c. HDK d. VLDK

LDL

Recommendations for Diabetes

•Total carbohydrate intake •Carbohydrate sources •Fiber and sugar •Glycemic index •Dietary fat •Protein •Kidney function