Digestive Meds
When would the nurse recommend that a traveler take an oral antiemetic to prevent motion sickness?
30 minutes prior to trip
A nurse instructs a client taking an antidiarrheal agent to stop the drug and call the health care provider if the client does not experience relief within which time frame?
48 hours
The nurse is seeing a 69-year-old client who is highly physically active and consumes a balanced diet that includes adequate fluid intake. Despite this, the client states experiencing occasional constipation in recent months. What remedy should be the nurse's first suggestion?
A bulk-forming (fiber) laxative
A nurse is preparing to administer hydroxyzine to the nauseated client. Which is included in the teaching plan about the medication?
"This medication will help with the nausea by making you drowsy."
The nurse is preparing for discharge a client who has a prescription for sucralfate. When does the nurse instruct the client to take the medication?
1 hours before or 2 hours after meals and at bedtime
Aprepitant reduces the effectiveness of oral contraceptives for up to __________ days after administration
28
What is the priority nursing diagnosis for an 89-year-old client with frequent liquid stools?
Deficient fluid volume
A hospital client's current drug regimen includes antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors. When planning this client's care, the nurse should perform what action?
Ensure the client's meals are not spicy or highly acidic.
The nurse is caring for a 19-month-old child who has been hospitalized with dehydration secondary to nausea and vomiting. The nurse is aware that promethazine will not be used for this client because it can cause what in children under the age of 2?
Fatal respiratory depression
__________ is the causative agent in most cases of chronic gastritis
H. pylori
The nurse is caring for a client who has just had an episode of vomiting. What is the first intervention that the nurse would complete after the client has finished vomiting?
Help the client rinse his mouth.
In pharmacology class the students are learning about the mechanism of action of different laxatives. What would the students learn about the mechanism of action of psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid?
Increasing mass and water content of stool
The nurse is providing care for a 51-year-old client who has been taking cimetidine for several months. When monitoring for adverse effects, the nurse should perform what assessment?
Inspect the client for gynecomastia.
A 1-year-old child is experiencing diarrhea. What should the parents be instructed to administer?
Oral rehydration solutions
Antacids have not been effective in managing a client's gastroesophageal reflux disease, so the health care provider is prescribing a proton pump inhibitor. Why might the health care provider prescribe a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) rather than a histamine2 receptor antagonist (H2RA)?
PPIs suppress acid more strongly and for a longer time.
A client is scheduled for a colonoscopy. The nurse knows that the preferred drug for bowel cleansing before this procedure is:
Polyethylene glycol-electrolyte solution (NuLYTELY)
A client with a history of peptic ulcer disease has responded well to treatment with a histamine-2 antagonist. What effect will this drug have?
Reduce the quantity of hydrochloric acid secreted.
The client has been prescribed diphenoxylate with atropine (Lomotil) for diarrhea. The nurse recognizes that this drug is effective against diarrhea because of which action?
Slows peristalsis by acting on the smooth muscles of the intestine
A 75-year-old client is treating an ulcer with antacids. Based on the client's age, the nurse expects the health care provider to prescribe a dose of antacid that compares with the average prescribed dose in what way?
Smaller than the average prescribed dose
__________ provides a barrier between ulcers and gastric secretions
Sucralfate
The nurse is working in the medical station at a local amusement park. An adult is reporting dizziness and feelings of "seasickness" after going on several rides. This patient may benefit from:
an anticholinergic
How does ondansetron achieve its therapeutic effect when prescribed for postoperative nausea?
antagonizes serotonin receptors
Scopolamine is a(n) __________ drug effective in relieving nausea and vomiting associated with motion sickness
anticholinergic
A client is undergoing chemotherapy and is experiencing severe nausea. The nurse has administered ondansetron intravenously, with good results. What drug effect has this client experienced?
blockage of receptors in the CTZ
Hypersecretion of gastric acid can be compounded by __________
calcium
__________ may decrease the effects of drugs that require an acidic environment
cimetidine
The nurse should warn a client taking aluminum- and calcium-containing antacids about which adverse effects?
constipation
The nurse is caring for a client with diarrhea who has been prescribed diphenoxylate with atropine and is observing the client for which adverse effects of this drug?
dizziness
__________ is a drug's ability to cause vomiting
emetogenic
Doses of phenothiazines are much larger for antiemetic effects than for antipsychotics (T/F)
false
Herbal supplements are safe to take and have no effect on GERD drugs
false
Phenothiazines are the first-line drugs for antiemetic drugs (T/F)
false
Women are more prone to develop duodenal ulcers
false
An older adult reports chronic abdominal pain and dark, tarry stools. The client has a history of chronic arthritis being treated with naproxen daily. What is the most likely cause of the presenting symptomology?
gastric ulcer
__________ is an impairment in GI motility and muscle tone and is one of many GI disorders
gastroparesis
A 75-year-old client is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, osteoporosis, and gastric ulcer disease. She is prescribed PPIs. The nurse is aware that long-term (greater than 1 year) administration of PPIs may increase the risk for which problem for this client?
hip fractures
A client is prescribed an antidiarrheal that acts directly on the muscle wall of the bowel to slow motility. The nurse would identify which drug as being prescribed?
loperamide
Clients with renal failure should not take __________-based antacids
magnesium
A male client tells the nurse that he takes antacid tablets several times each day. Knowing that the brand of antacid he uses contains calcium carbonate, the nurse cautions the client that overuse could place him at risk for:
metabolic alkalosis
A client reports taking antihistamines to treat nausea. The nurse correctly suspects that the nausea results from what trigger?
motion sickness
Medications are given post-operatively to prevent or treat severe nausea and vomiting associated with the surgery. What serotonin receptor antagonist would the nurse expect the surgeon to order?
ondansetron
Substance P is a __________ neurotransmitter in the neurokinin family
peptide
A 54-year-old client, who is preparing to go on an ocean cruise, asks for a medication to relieve the symptoms of seasickness. What medication would a health care provider most likely prescribe?
scopolamine
Before taking a flight across the country, a client with a history of motion sickness asks the health care provider for medication to control nausea. For which medication will the nurse anticipate providing teaching?
scopolamine
Aluminum hydroxide-magnesium hydroxide-simethicone mixture (Mylanta) is safe for children and infants (T/F)
true
Dexamethasone is commonly used in the management of chemotherapy-induced emesis (T/F)
true
For clients with a nasogastric (NG) tube, antacid dosing is based on the pH level (T/F)
true
Gastric and duodenal ulcers are more common than esophageal ulcers (T/F)
true
The therapeutic effects of promethazine are due to its ability to block dopamine (T/F)
true
The vomiting center is located in the medulla oblongata (T/F)
true
