Digestive system bio

Infants have_________ deciduous teeth, where adults have__________ permanent teeth.

20; 32

Write the letter (A - M) that corresponds with each structure of the digestive system.

Anus M Stomach E Mouth A Large Intestine I Liver E Appendix K Gallbladder G Pancreas H Pharynx C Small Intestine 1 Esophagus D Rectum L Tongue B

What structure may become inflamed and infected, and may burst resulting in peritonitis?

Appendix

The tissues of the body are assigned to four principal types. __________covers body surfaces, lines cavities and ducts, and forms glands.

Epithelial Tissue

The gallbladder, pancreas, and liver are accessory digestive organs. Which set of letters in the diagram represents these three organs?

G, F, E

What is the chemical in saliva that helps break down food?

amylase

Which is not a type of connective tissue? a. bone b. spinal cord c. blood d. adipose

b. spinal cord

After eating a meal, John has pain in his epigastric region that is due to a malfunction of his esophagus. Since this has been occurring, John has also noted an increase in his blood pressure. Which two systems are having a homeostatic imbalance?

cardiovascular and digestive systems

large intestine has three parts. What is the correct order of the parts, starting from the beginning?

cecum, colon, rectum

What is the correct order of the levels of organization?

cell > tissue > organ > organ system

brain and spinal cord are part of the

central nervous system.

Which of these involves specific enzymes to break chemical bonds to change larger complex molecules smaller molecules that can be absorbed?

chemical digestion

Saliva helps with

chemical digestion.

Which serves to support, protect, and bind together other tissues of the body?

connective tissue

Which serves to support, protect, and together other tissues of the body?

connective tissue

The liver... a. makes bile. b. cleans your blood. c. makes and stores fuel for energy. d. all of the above

d. all of the above

Which of these is an accessory organ? a. small intestine b. lung c. heart d. salivary gland

d. salivary gland

What is Cirrhosis?

deadly disease that replaces healthy liver tissue with scar tissue

The function of the digestive system is

digestion and absorption.

What are the three parts of the small intestine?

duodenum, jejunum, ilium

What prevents food from entering the windpipe?

epiglottis

This type of tissue covers internal and external surfaces.

epithelial

Where is cardiac muscle in the body?

heart

The pancreas, an accessory organ of the digestive system, is known for its production of_________ which helps regulate blood sugar levels.

insulin

Which of these occurs when ingested material is physically broken down into smaller units by chewing and mixing without changing their chemical structure?

mechanical digestion

Contraction of skeletal muscle fibers is stimulated by_________________?

motor neurons

Choose the correct order of food moving through the digestive system.

mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

Carbohydrate digestion begins in____________ the whereas protein digestion begins in the__________?

mouth, stomach

Mechanical and chemical digestion both begin in the

mouth.

Mechanical digestion begins in the

mouth.

Which tissue transmits messages about sounds and smells to the brain?

nervous tissue

Which of the following is not considered connective tissue?

neuron

The division of the nervous system that includes the nerves of the body is the

peripheral nervous system.

The wave-like movement that moves food through the digestive system is

peristalsis.

process occurs in structure D in the diagram?

peristaltic movement

The last section of the colon, which is responsible for elimination, is the

rectum.

Which part of the intestines removes water from chyme?

large intestine

Which of these digestive organs is an accessory organ? a. small intestine b. stomach c. liver d. mouth

liver

What is the terminal portion of the small intestine?

IIleum

What does the pancreas do?

It releases the hormones insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream. It releases enzymes into the small intestine to aid in the digestion of food.

The diagram shows the digestive system. Which letter represents the organ that is made up of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum?

J

What type of tissue is fat?

adipose tissue

is a function of the small intestines?

They take and absorb the nutrients that the body needs from the food and put it in the bloodstream so the body can use it.

T/FThe wavelike contractions that propel food through the alimentary canal is peristalsis.

True

What is a bolus?

a round "ball" of food, typically consisting of masticated food upon swallowing

Which tissue contracts to move blood? a. muscle tissue b. nervous tissue c. epithelial tissue

a. muscle tissue

What kind of juice in the stomach helps to continue breaking down the foods we eat?

acidic juices

Which tissue is not one of the primary types of tissues?

skeletal

Which tissue is NOT connective tissue? a. skeletal muscle b. cartilage c. bone d. adipose e. blood

skeletal muscle

Which muscles support the body and help it move?

skeletal muscles

Most of digestion is completed in the

small intestine.

The_______ unit of life is a________

smallest; cell

The type of muscle found in the walls of hollow organs such as the stomach and in the walls of blood vessels is

smooth muscle.

Visceral muscle is also called

smooth muscle.

Mechanical digestion does NOT include

stomach acid.

An_____________ is an area where tissue has been destroyed by gastric juices and stomach acid.

ulcer

The type of muscle that is under conscious control of the brain via the nervous system is:

voluntary muscle.