Digestive System Review

____________, which is secreted by ___________ cells, is necessary for Vitamin B12 absorption. A. Lecithin; hepatic B. Enterokinase; mucous C. Bile salts; chief D. Intrinsic factor; parietal E. Hydrochloric acid; parieta

D. Intrinsic factor; parietal

Which of the following enzymes functions at the lowest pH? A. dipeptidase B. salivary amylase C. pancreatic amylase D. pepsin E. trypsin

D. Pepsin

Pepsinogen is produced by ____________ and is activated by ___________. A. parietal cells; hydrochloric acid (HCl) secreted by chief cells B. enteroendocrine cells; carbonic anhydrase (CAH) secreted by parietal cells C. parietal cells; carbonic anhydrase (CAH) secreted by chief cells D. chief cells; hydrochloric acid (HCl) secreted by parietal cells E. chief cells; carbonic anhydrase (CAH) secreted by parietal cells

D. chief cells; hydrochloric acid (HCl) secreted by parietal cells

Defecation is stimulated by A. water content of the feces. B. bacterial flora in the feces. C. lipid content in the feces. D. stretching of the rectum. E. the chemical composition of the feces

D. stretching of the rectum.

____________ is the physiological process that moves a nutrient from the outside to the inside of the body. A. Secretion B. Ingestion C. Compaction D. Digestion E. Absorption

E. Absorption

_____________ is associated with food stretching the stomach and activating myenteric and vagovagal reflexes, which in turn stimulate gastric secretions. A. The gastrointestinal phase B. The intestinal phase C. The cephalic phase D. The mesenteric phase E. The gastric phase

E. The gastric phase

Of the following components of bile, only _____________ has/have a digestive function. A. cholesterol B. bilirubin C. neutral fats D. phospholipids E. bile salts

E. bile salts

Which of these is the site of contact digestion? A. gastric pits B. cytoplasm in the cells of the small intestine C. intestinal crypts D. surface of the gastric mucosa E. brush border of the small intestine

E. brush border of the small intestine

The sodium-glucose transport protein (SGLP) A. is an antiport carrier. B. uses solvent drag to transport glucose and sodium. C. transports glucose from the intestinal lumen into the epithelial cells, and sodium in the opposite direction. D. transports glucose and sodium from the intestinal lumen into the epithelial cells. E. is a uniport carrier

E. is a uniport carrier

The _______________ synthesizes bile acids by metabolizing ____________________. A. ileum; bilirubin B. duodenum; neutral fats C. gallbladder; cholesterol D. pancreas; bile salts E. liver; cholesterol

E. liver; cholesterol

Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is secreted by ____________ cells. A. chief B. mucous C. enteroendocrine D. regenerative (stem) E. parietal

E. parietal

The swallowing center is located in A. the esophagus. B. the enteric nervous system. C. the mouth. D. the oropharynx. F. the medulla oblongata.

F. the medulla oblongata.

______________ is a hormone, whereas ________________ is an enzyme. A. Secretin; pepsin B. Gastrin; cholecystokinin (CCK) C. Gastric lipase; histamine D. Gastrin; secretin E. Enterokinase; pepsin

A. Secretin; pepsin

The organ that stores excess glucose and releases it later into the blood is A. the liver. B. the small intestine. C. the stomach. D. the pancreas. E. the spleen

A. The liver

Both chemical and mechanical digestion start in the mouth and continue in the stomach. A. True B. False

A. True

Both pancreatic juice and bile are secreted into the duodenum. A. True B. False

A. True

Chylomicrons are secreted from the basal surface of the absorptive cells and taken into the lacteal in the villus. A. True B. False

A. True

The digestive system processes food, extracts nutrients, and eliminates the residue. A. True B. False

A. True

Carbohydrate digestion begins in the ______________, whereas protein digestion begins in the ______________. A. mouth; stomach C. small intestine; stomach D. Liver; small intestine E. mouth; small intestine F. stomach; small intestine

A. mouth; stomach

The ______________ gland is an extrinsic salivary gland, whereas the ______________ gland is an intrinsic salivary gland. A. submandibular; lingual B. submandibular; sublingual C. lingual; sublingual D. sublingual; parotid E. lingual; labia

A. submandibular; lingual

The large intestine is longer than the small intestine. A. True B. False

B. False

These are all accessory organs of the digestive system except A. tongue. B. spleen. C. pancreas. D. liver. E. salivary glands

B. Spleen

Pancreatic enzymes are secreted in response to the hormone A. gastrin. B. cholecystokinin (CCK). C. glucagon. D. insulin. E. secretin

B. cholecystokinin (CCK).

Acid reflux into the esophagus ("heartburn") is normally prevented by A. the upper esophageal sphincter. B. the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). C. pharyngeal constrictors. D. esophageal glands. E. pharyngeal and buccal sphincters.

B. the lower esophageal sphincter (LES).

Which of these nutrients is absorbed by the lacteals of the small intestine? A. water-soluble vitamins B. triglycerides C. minerals D. amino acids E. glucose

B. triglycerides

The three most abundant classes of nutrients are A. carbohydrates, proteins, and minerals. B. proteins, fats, and minerals. proteins, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. C. fats, proteins, and carbohydrates. D. triglycerides, starches, and proteins.

C. Fats, proteins, and carbohydrates

____________ transport lipids to the surface of the intestinal absorptive cells, which process them into _________________. A. Fat droplets; micelles B. Fat globules; micelles C. Micelles; chylomicrons D. Micelles; fat globules E. Fat droplets; chylomicrons

C. Micelles; chylomicrons

The buccal phase of swallowing is under _____________ control and the pharyngo-esophageal phase is ______________. A. voluntary; also voluntary B. central nervous system; also controlled by the central nervous system C. central nervous system; controlled by autonomic reflexes D. autonomic nervous system; controlled by autonomic reflexes E. involuntary; also involuntary

C. central nervous system; controlled by autonomic reflexes

Each of the following lists some of the tissue layers of the digestive tract. Which one has them in correct order from lumen to external surface? A. serosa, lamina propria, submucosa, muscularis mucosae, muscularis externa B. mucosa, submucosa, muscularis mucosae, muscularis externa, lamina propria C. lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa D. mucosa, muscularis mucosae, submucosa, muscularis externa, lamina propria E. mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, lamina propria, serosa

C. lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, submucosa, muscularis externa, serosa