Disease and Conditions Medical Terminology
myalgia or myodynia
muscle pain
tenalgia or tenodynia
pain in a tendon
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)
progressive disease that weakens the muscles of the shoulder and pelvic girdle.
sprain
the stretching or tearing of a ligament, which connects bone to bone.
strain
the stretching or tearing of a muscle or tendon, the latter of which connects muscle to bone
shin splint
Painful condition caused by muscle tearing away from the tibia.
quadriplegia
Paralysis of all four extremities
paraplegia
Paralysis of both legs and, often, the lower trunk.
rigor or rigidity
Muscular stiffness/stiff muscle,
leiomyoma
benign tumor of smooth muscle
myasthenia gravis
chronic autoimmune disease characterized by voluntary muscle weakness that worsens after activity and improves after rest.
Hypotonia
Loss of muscle tone
myorrhexis
Rupture or tearing of a muscle.
myoparesis
Weakness or mild muscular paralysis.
Hemiparesis
Weakness or slight paralysis on one side of the body.
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS)
malignant tumor of skeletal muscle
myoma (continued) leiomyosarcoma
malignant tumor of smooth muscle.
Flaccidity
Condition or state in which muscles are flabby, relaxed, or have defective or absent tone.
paresthesia
Abnormal sensation that typically is not painful, such as tingling, numbness, itching, prickling, or burning.
myomalacia
Abnormal softening of muscle tissue
tremor
An involuntary, repetitive shaking or quivering of a part or parts of the body
Impingement syndrome
Condition that occurs when tendons of the shoulder become impinged, or compressed, by the bones of the shoulder
Rhabdomyoma
Benign tumor consisting of striated muscle
myolysis
Degeneration or deterioration of muscle tissue.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome(CTS)
Disorder marked by pain, burning, and itching or tingling due to an inflamed median nerve and tendons in the wrist
Hypertrophy
Excessive growth or abnormal enlargement of a muscle
muscular dystrophy (MD)
Genetic disease characterized by progressive muscular weakness and skeletal muscle deterioration
myocele
Herniation or protrusion of muscle through a tear in the fascia.
Adhesion
In a disease condition, the formation of a fibrous band of tissue that holds two surfaces together due to inflammation or trauma
Ataxia
Inability to coordinate voluntary muscle activity; characterized by shaky, unsteady movements.
Fasciitis
Inflammation of a fascia (a band or sheet of fibrous tissue that encloses a muscle or group of muscles)
spasm
Involuntary sudden movement or convulsive muscular contraction.
sarcopenia
Loss of muscle mass, strength, and function as a result of aging
Dystaxia
Partial ataxia; a mild form of ataxia (lack of muscular coordination that produces shaky, unsteady movements)
Contracture
Permanent tightening of skin, muscles, tendons, ligaments, and fascia (a band or sheet of fibrous tissue that encloses muscle tissue)
Hemiplegia
Total paralysis on one side of the body
myoma
Tumor of the muscle.
Atrophy
Wasting away or shrinkage of muscle size
tetany
a state of sustained muscular contraction
myositis
inflammation of a muscle.
tendinitis or tendonitis
inflammation of a tendon
plantar fasciitis
inflammation of the plantar fascia (the thick band of tissue in the sole of the foot between the heel bone and the toes
