DNA Replication & Protein Synthesis
What makes up the "steps"?
Nitrogen bases
What does a DNA Molecule look like?
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What does DNA replication look like-what are the key areas called?
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What are joned to replicating strands of DNA by what bonds?
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4 Nitrogen bases
Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine
The function of DNA polymerase?
Joins individual nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule and then proofreads each new DNA strand.
What makes up the side of DNA?
Phosphate and deoxyribose
Difference between purine and pyrimidine
Purine has 2 carbon nitrogen rings and pyrimidine has 1
On DNA what base will always be paired with what base?
Purine to pyrimidine
How did Rosalind Franklin help contribute to determining the structure?
X-ray photos
How does nucleotide sequence in one chain compare to the other?
Complementary
2 Pyrimidines
T and C
What is DNA's primary function?
producing the proteins and enzymes that every cell needs/DNA acts to pass on traits.
3 parts of a DNA nucleotide
sugar, nitrogen, phosphate
Why must DNA be able to copy itself?
to make new cells
Why does DNA replicatioin take place at many places on the molecule simultaneously?
to speed up the process
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Name the Compementary base pairs
AT GC
Sub-units that make up DNA
3-Phosphate group, deoxyribose, nitrogen base
2 purines
A and G
Define DNA replication
DNA molecules seperate into two complementary strands which serve as a template for the new strand.
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribose-Nucleic-Acid
What is the model of DNA known as and why?
Double helix, because of two straight chains wrapped around each other.
Bonds that hold together nitrogen bases? Strong or weak?
Hydrogen, strong.
What is the first step that must occur in DNA replication?
Seperate into 2 strands
What makes up the backbone?
Sugar Phosphate backbone.
A-G-G-C-T-A : nucleotide sequence on complementary strand?
T-C-C-G-A-T
What is a replication bubble?
Tha area where the bases have seperated and the backbone has split in 2
What acts as the template in DNA replication?
The newly produced strand from the replication
Who is responsible for determining the structure of DNA?
Watson & Crick
When replicaton is complete, how do the 2 new DNA molecules compare to each other and the original DNA molecule?
complementary and exact replica
