DNA, RNA, Protein Synthesis #2: DNA Replication

Mutation

A change in the base sequence of DNA is called what?

What is meant by the "base pairing" rules?

Adenine bonds with Thymine. Guanine bonds with Cytosine

Each strand of the DNA molecule can be used to make another stand during replication. This is because the two sides are____ to each other.

Complimentary

The main enzyme of replication whose function is to link together individual nucleotides along a template strand is called

DNA polymerase

Separate, Template, Replication Fork

During replication, the two nucleotide chains X and each chain will serve as a X for the production of a new DNA chain. The sites where new nucleotides are added are called X.

Which of the following might cause accidental damage or changes in existing DNA

Exposure to chemicals, radioactivity, x-rays, excessive exposure to ultraviolet light

Damage to DNA can never be repaired

False

The primary purpose of replication is to produce new DNA strands that are very different from the old strands.

False;identical

The replication of DNA begins at one end of the molecule and proceeds to the other end

False;multiple

What is the advantage to the multiple sites of replication along the DNA molecule

Helps go faster

Nucleus

In what part of the cell does respiration occur?

What are two functions of DNA polymerase during replication

Proof reads new strands,makes new strands of DNA

Nucleases, DNA polymerase, Ligase

Several enzymes are involved in repairing damaged DNA. Enzymes called X cut out damaged sections of DNA. The enzyme X fills the resulting gaps with new nucleotides. X then seal the free ends, making the strand complete.

DNA polymerase, Nucleotide,

The copying of the DNA molecule is a fairly reliable process.The enzyme, X, proofreads the new strand and looks for errors. If a mistake is found, this enzyme removes the erroneous X and replaces it with another.

Hydrogen bonds, Nitrogenous bases, DNA helicase

The first step in replication is to break the X bonds between the X. This is accomplished by the enzyme X.

When a DNA molecule is replicated what is the relationship between the original strand and the newly formed strands of DNA?

The newly formed strands are identical to the original.They combine together to make a new strand as one. Same code

Replication

The process of forming an exact copy of the DNA molecule.

At the end of replication, each DNA molecule has one original strand and one new strand.

True

DNA replication occurs simultaneously at many sites along the molecule, speeding up the process of replication

True

Mutations can sometimes be an advantage by making the organism slightly better suited for its environment

True

Replication results in two copies of the DNA molecule

True

The process of DNA replication produces an identical copy of the original DNA strand

True

Covalent bonds

What type of bond connects one nucleotide to the next nucleotide?

Hydrogen Bond

What type of bond holds the nitrogen bases to one another across the middle of the helix?

Replication Forks

When replication occurs, it takes place at multiple sites along the molecule called?

When replication is complete, two ___ copies of the DNA molecule have been produced and the cell is ready to begin ____.

identical ;cell division