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Robert Rauschenberg, Factum I, Factum II 1957

-2 different paintings but almost identical -Eisenhower, calendars, burning building, trees, gesture of paint (dripping) (purpose of abstract expressionism is individuality and struggle and experience of art) -Rauschenberg points at this by reproducing the same picture -also the things he uses shows this: calendars reproduce images, images are reproduced twice... asks the question ' are we really unique ?'

Andy Warhol, Two Hundred Campbell's Soup Cans, 1962

-Campbell soup cans because he loved it, and so did many others -hand painted, not a silk screen -a hand stamp was used for the gold Feur de lys -tomato rice is missing the gold band -Warhol creates a factory in new york where he makes or build or works, says hand painting would take too long, tries to make art accessible for everyone so he wants to mass produce but he isn't actually doing this but he makes a point about an oncoming impersonal process of art and how art should reflect the culture of the time

"Jackson Pollock: Is he the greatest living painter in the United States?" Life, 8 August 1949

-HUGE painting, signals economic power and individuality of US (Pollock not intending this) -America is leader of individualism -Europeans did not appreciate the US sentiment because they felt they had democracies as well -The Marshall Plan, 1947 - US sends materials and exports goods to Europe -Europe is still stuck in the past of WW2 -US has cars, theme parks, advanced kitchens, H bonds, etc Post WW2 -many museums liked to show Pollock's paintings because they were influenced by the gov. which was trying to portray the US as thriving, powerful, independent - cold war diplomacy

Jackson Pollock, Male Female, 1942

-HUGE painting, signals economic power and individuality of US (Pollock not intending this) -America is leader of individualism -Europeans did not appreciate the US sentiment because they felt they had democracies as well -distortion of human forms influenced by Miro's surrealist works -abstract art; 2 figures, the one on the right has a blackboard for a body

Lee Krasner, Noon, 1947

-Little Image series; criticized for tidying up Pollock's work; heavily textured; abstract expressionism on huge scale, female artists do not work on such large of scale. Dont even have access to space/ studio room

Jackson Pollock, Number 1A, 1948, 1948

-The Marshall Plan, 1947 - US sends materials and exports goods to Europe -Europe is still stuck in the past of WW2 -US has cars, theme parks, advanced kitchens, H bonds, etc Post WW2

Claes Oldenberg, The Store, 1961

-critiques the institution of galleries -pop artists are firing shots at the galleries -brightly painted sculptures shaped to evoke commercial products -elevates consumer goods to the level of high art -combats expressionism and points out the modern consumer culture

Jasper Johns, False Start , 1962

-distances himself from any kind of meaning (uses stencil letters, not hand written) -neutralizes expressiveness of the artwork -large brushstrokes, bold colors, chaotic appearance opposes the calm feelings of his previous works -the contrasting words and colors may comment on the paradoxical nature of life -Johns and Rauschenberg transition into Pop-Art; neo-Dada -aim to create a universal language using imagery from popular culture

Robert Rauschenberg, Black Market, 1961

-enacting exchange of suitcase goods with the viewer -people take Rauschenberg's goods and don't put them back (so the idea doesn't work anymore) -combine (neither a painting or sculpture, but combo of both) -the meaning of the work changes as the audience continues to participate and add their own belongings -the one way sign indicates the direction in which the work should be read -the clipboards are meant for people to draw a pic of the object they added and sign their name

Jasper Johns, Target with Four Faces, 1955

-encaustic - mix pigment with molten wax, free flowing and spontaneity can not be achieved because wax dries and hardens -drip is highly visible, but directly opposes the drip of abstract expressionism because the wax hardens IMMEDIATELY and does not do anything free flowing -4 faces that are anonymous, no eyes -anonymity, flatness, repetition -hinge so you can hide the 4 faces -faces above the target is slightly disturbing

Robert Rauschenberg, Monogram, 1950-59

-face of goat is painted in many bright colors -statement - cant be solved, no meaning, resists interpretation -ambiguous, no clear position being offered - beginnings of pop art -gets labeled as 'neo-Dada' -critics argued that tire is a hole and goat fills it, which is an allusion to homosexuality -like Rauschenberg was gay, but closeted due to homosexual laws

Jasper Johns, Flag, 1954

-he dreamt it so he painted it -flatness and attention to surface -image which is flat -symbolic, abstraction of the USA -put newsprint on and then covered it in encaustic and color -flag and pigment are obscuring the news -no possible way to show this image neutrally, even though John insists on it -all the qualities of abstract expressionism but done with a twist -drip, but hard drip -symbolic but flat -etc -gay man who has no freedom to express himself -Johns and Rauschenberg transition into Pop-Art; neo-Dada -aim to create a universal language using imagery from popular culture

Andy Warhol, Thirteen Most Wanted, 1964

-it was covered with aluminum paint after protests (people did not like that he was publicizing these criminals) - offensive -displayed in New York World's Fair in 1964 -he took the profiles of NYPD's most wanted and made a checker board out of them -repetition creates numbness -lack of expression (goes against expressionism)

Roy Lichtenstein, Little Big Painting, 196

-little painting of a big painting -refers to Pollock or Dakuny (little painting of a cartoon painting) -satirical response to gestural painting of abstract expressionism -benday dots -shallow space, comic strip style, bold outlines

Roy Lichtenstein, Masterpiece, 1962

-mechanical way of producing dots - printing process (similar to Manet but done through a machine) -Benday Dots (printing process invented in the 19th century, using the density of dots and often overlapping dots to produce colors, overlapping yellow and red dots, organge, red dots widely spaced produce pink , often used in printing cartoons) -repetition of dots supports the idea of mass production and popular culture (lack of individuality and expressionism) • Abstract impressionism went abstract in order to have a universal language that couldn't be appropriated by commercial culture...only place they could escape commercialism/ express humanity -speech bubble like comics -witty speech that is meant to be reflective of Lichtenstein's work -woman is staring at a piece of art while speaking

Andy Warhol, Do It Yourself, 1962

-played with the paint your number -populism - anyone can paint, idea of the master artist is gone -Andy Warhol Museum in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania -Pop Art -Warhol made 5 different "do it yourself' paintings -lack of expressiveness (critiques the message that abstract expressionists are trying to achieve)

Roy Lichtenstein, Portrait of Ivan Karp 1961 Roy Lichtenstein, Portrait of Allan Kaprow, 1961

-repetition of mass culture -calls attention to this idea: why do we value the things we value? what does likeness mean and what happens to individuality when mass culture threatens it? -matching portraits that are identical despite the fact that they are different people

Andy Warhol, Race Riot, 1963

-series of controversial images (car crashes, suicides, electric chairs, race riots) -repetition produces a numbing effect -news was reflecting the mindset of the era (so much going on, publicity, JFK over the new frontier) -initially titled "Death in America" -silk screen technique (which was made popular by Warhol) - using machines and tools to paint reflects technology and mass culture

Robert Rauschenberg, Erased De Kooning, 1953

-takes drawing from de Kooning and erases it -image that he gave was meant to be difficult to erase -de Kooning is a very generous man -went through 300 erasers, took him 2 months -attempting to make a comment about getting rid of a type of art that is dominating art schools -similar to Duchamp (anti-art) -art was becoming too formulaic, so his act of creation is a gesture (erasing) that is restricting / reversal of expression / silencing of expression associated with abstract art

Barnett Newman, Onement I, 1948

1. "zip": the stripe down the middle of the painting, unclear space 2. enormous painting draws in the viewer 3. Abstract Expressionism: wanted to distinguish himself from mass culture, and be different 4. color field painting, style is like Rothko 5. he says that his painting is not about nothing, it is about the experience

Jackson Pollock, Full Fathom Five, 1947

1. American individualism: bold gestures on a large canvas 2. art as performance more about the process than the result, action painting, canvas as an arena 3. Abstract Expressionism; thick paint, non-representational, non-figurative

John Heartfield, Hurrah! Die Butter ist alle! [Hurrah! The butter's all gone!], published in AIZ, 1935

1. Baby biting on a battle axe, which mocks the glorification of war. 2. The title is a reference to Herman Goring quote where he encouraged more spending on military and less spending on civilian needs 3. It the picture is drawn to look like a photograph 4. Hilter rises to power 1933 and this painting, from 1935, depicted life fascist rule and the giving up of liberties and civilian benefits

Marcel Duchamp, Nude Descending a Staircase, no. 2, 1913

1. Cubism because it is not a single frame rather multiple perspectives on one subject 2. Multiple frames, inspired by photography styles and multiple shots 3. Too distrubing to show at the salon, crude, not visually appealing or beautiful

George Grosz, Republican Automatons, 1920

1. Dada because anti-war message, absurd and strange scene 2. figures have robotic/missing limbs, mocks glorification of amputees and veterans who are holding medals but have lost many body parts 3. flag mocks excessive nationalism of WW1 4. displays that nationalism creates divisions

Hannah Hoch, Cut with the Kitchen Knife through the First Weimar Beer-Belly Epoch, 1919-20

1. Dada, anti-war because the painting rejects expressionism 2. collage made of news clippings and sales catalogues; lots of disjunction used 3. technologies, bad side of modernity cuz war is bad 4. Dadaists hated expressionists (bright colors, emotionality, symbolism) and felt they were the lackees of the bourgeoisie 5. Kaiser placed several times (mustache formed by athletic women in one pic)

Rene Magritte, Untitled, 1929 Note: translated, the text in the painting reads as follows: "I don't see the _______ hidden in the forest." It was at the center of the Surrealist's photographic portrait, #19 (left).

1. Forest= "the unconscious" 2. The painting itself disappeared, which alludes to the title "hidden in the forest" 3. the women represents sexual desire because she is in the nude and this connects to the unconscious because we often desire sex unconsciously 4. painting is taken to the conservator many times but nothing can be done to help preserve it 5. very uncanny - object starts to enact (something nobody expected)

Marcel Duchamp, L.H.O.O.Q., 1919

1. Its a ready made because Duchamp uses a mass produced post card reproduction of Mona Lisa 2. raises questions about what is art- he didnt make this personally 3. Mona Lisa image raises quesions about orignial artwork and the nature of representation 4. LHOOQ, she has a hot arse... sexualizing Mona Lisa, crude common to this genre 5. making fun of such a respected portrait by DaVinci by giving her facial hair - making fun of the conservative taste of the bourgeoisie

Marcel Duchamp, Fountain, 1917

1. Its a readymade artwork because it is a mass produced object that he did not make - urinal 2. He repurposed the object to reflect a different meaning than its intended purpose, not used in a bathroom anymore 3. The object raises the question about "what is art" - can anyone make art? 4. Humor in the title "R. Mutt" and the fact that a toilet is being called a Fountain

Futurist serate, Turin, Italy, 1910

1. Multimedia art; poetry, painting, they wore masks, 2. transient, was a performance, masks made out of material that broke down quickly 3. questions "what is art" 4. technology because new sounds 5. Futurists were disallusioned with modern life and wanted to highlight technology and innovation for italy- this was progessive and inventive

Barnett Newman, Vir Heroicus Sublimis, 1950-51

1. Newmans painting have been attacked more than any others, which displays the effect that they have on people (which makes people think that this is not painting) 2. 'the zip' calls attention to the ambiguous space (is it dividing? Unifying? On or behind?) 3. very large painting, meant to be viewed up close so you get lost in the painting and your individuality merges with the image

Salvador Dali, Paranoiac Face, 1935

1. Paranoid critical method, unrational reaction to an object, trick on your mind 2. Dali saw a postcard of a village hut and saw a face in the image - inspiration for the image came from mass culture.. 3. The painting in surreal because it is an unconscious reaction to an image or sight 4. automated thinking -Dali was very fascinated by grasshoppers as a child, ants (hard on the outside and gooey on the inside - sexual connotations) -saw a fish dying as a child and it terrified him, and he associated it with grasshoppers (afraid of grasshoppers) -when he joined the surrealists, masson and miro both broke with Breton (lots of breaking apart of the surrealists)

Marcel Duchamp, Bicycle Wheel, copy of 1913 original

1. Ready made, mass produced objects (stool and bicycle wheel) - first readymade ever made 2. wheel and stool no longer serve their intended purposes and are useless when combined 3. stool serves as a pedastal for the wheel, emphasising that the wheel is, in fact, art 4. Original was thrown out and many were made again, part of Duchamp's message, questions originality and what is origninal artwork

Max Ernst, Vision Induced by the Nocturnal Aspect of the Post Saint-Denis, 1927

1. Surrealist; dreamlike, unclear space and form; is a vision induced by something else: dreamlike state used 2. technique of frottage, rubbing over a texture 3. unclear in subject: part of the unconscious mind and another element of surrealism -Ernst was severely wounded in war as well -eventually joined surrealists after brief stint with Dada (like most surrealists) -one of few people who could read Freud in German - important character for the surrealists

Andre Masson, Yves Tanguy, unidentified artist, Cadavre Exquis (Exquisite Corpse), 1924

1. The drawing uses the technquie of Cadavre Exquis, where three people complete eachothers drawing. 2. surrealist painting 3. means "exquisite corpse"... children's game of today 4. focuses on chance; mix of peoples thoughts

Rene Magritte, The Human Condition, 1933

1. The painting depicts an easel in front of a window, but the space is unclear. 2. The painting is surreal 3. "The Human Condition" title aludes to the unclear nature of the canvas and the window, in that humans are have trouble knowing was is real or false. 4. painting within a painting - what is real? 5. alludes to the unconscious and how we understand our world

Joan Miró, The Hunter, 1923-24

1. The painting is a Surrealist dreamscape with biomorphic forms 2. It is a surrealist painting because it is relfective of a dream and the unconscious as it does not make sense - not order 3. "Sard", in reference to hunting sardines.. "The Hunter" 4. this piece began with figurative drawings with the idea of portraying a man grilling sardines in the wild 5. evocative image with bright colors 6. figure with a pomegranate as a heart in the back (very random) 7. AUTOMATISM

Pablo Picasso, Guernica, 1937

1. The painting relfects the horrible war crimes commited on the city Guernica by the Germans in WW1 2. The painting has traces of analytic cubism because of flattened simplifed forms and multiple angles; gray monotone 3. Massive painting, it is a history painting because it depicts a historical event 4. the hand holding a lamp/light which is a symbol of hope 5. tells the horror of the event without depicting it literally 6. electric light (sign of modernity) illuminates the terror -Guernica, Spain gets bombed on this date by Germany (Franco and Hilter tried to convince press it was communists...) -lots of fire, people gunned down by machine guns... whole bombing went on from noon to 7:45 pm until town completely destroyed and 1,654 people killed and almost a thousand wounded -Nazis were just trying to test the effects of incendiary bombs - leveled the whole city

Meret Oppenheim, Fur-lined Tea Cup (Luncheon in Fur), 1936

1. The teacup is a commentary on surrealism as it often objectifies woman as sexual desires 2. The teacup creates discomfort because the fur mixed with a drink would be difficult to sip. It is suggestive of oral sex 3. The teacup is an object which connects to woman being treated as objects themselves when it comes to sex 4. inspired by art critics who label women as muses and inspirations for art (like objects), rather than equals of men

Marcel Duchamp, $2000 Reward, 1923

1. artist incorporated into art 2. use of alias, which Duchamp liked to do 3. Rrose Selavy 4. lots of humor incorporated into writing, ex: Hook line and sinker, Welch means to cheat somebody, Bull as in 'bullshit' 5. calls into question the identity of the artist 6. Many critics said Duchamp was a fraudulent artist

George Grosz, Victim of Society, or Remember Uncle August, the Unhappy Inventor, 1919

1. collage: buttons glued on, sparkplug nose, straight razor by the figure's neck, etc. 2. anti-war: mocks prosthetic limbs, he's a cyborg... displays physical effects of war 3. droopy, sad military hat: anti-war 4. Dad movement, anti war 5. nationalism divides people

Diego Rivera, Man at the Crossroads, 1933 (originally at Rockefeller Center, New York City; destroyed)

1. commissioned by Rockefeller as a mural to capitalism and celebration of industry 2. Rivera was a secret communist, snuck in picture of Lenin 3. was destroyed by Standard Oil; -raised questions about who the artwork belonged to: the artist or the commissioner 4. dark side of modernity: syphilis, gambling, etc 5. Rockefellers ordered the destruction of this painting due to communism, syphilis, gambling. etc

Gino Severini, Hospital Train, 1915

1. criticizing modernity, because world war 1 (???) 2. words for sound in painting, futurism 3. Le Fig - part of newspaper where manifesto of futurists is published 4. French Flag - nationalism; this painting is right after WW1 breaks out 5. the name refers to a train that would transport the wounded soldiers to hospitals from the front 6. shows rapid movement and the topicality of war (FUTURISM) 7. has analytic cubist influence

Gino Severini, Blue Dancer, 1912

1. futurism, shows movement 2. mixed media: has sequins...Mason automatic painting, exploring mixed media 3. cubism, in the way the face is portrayed 4. passage in painting 5. inspiration from cubism, building from cezzanes vocabularary

Carlo Carra, Patriotic Celebration (Free Word Painting), 1914

1. futurist, transient, because newspapers 2. TOT = dead 3. Broad historical sig. of futurist movement, historical moment 4. newsprint, language, using words to get out message 5. angular like cubism but colors much brighter, not monochromatic 6. during this time, sports increase in popularity as a national past time; competition between nations creates nationalism 7. sounds included in the painting 8. movement is shown

André Masson, Battle of the Fishes, 1927

1. glued paper, threw sand, made patterns; use of randomness in painting- Automatic drawing/painting 2. Surrealist because automatic drawing and elements of randomness 3.. violence in the unconscious- the unconsious is either violent or sexual in naturel according to Freud's ideas- Masson influenced by Freud 4. Masson was severely traumatized and influenced by the war

Hans (Jean) Arp, Collage Arranged According to the Laws of Chance, 1916-17

1. he threw paper, and it landed, and he glued it down like that- we don't really believe this since 2. Dada, rejects logic and rationality 3. showing his process of creation of art, which is the focus, instead of the actual artwork 4. everything landed by chance; conscious composition is no longer a factor (breaking from tradition)

Mark Rothko, Slow Swirl by the Edge of the Sea, 1944

1. images suggest figures 2. Abstract Expressionism because abstract see slide 37

Willem de Kooning, Excavation, 1950

1. large canvas, inspired by Pollock 2. Abstract Expressionism: non figurative 3. de Kooning reworked all of his paintings many times; his struggle; thick paint 4. de Kooning would build off the surface and then scrape away for months until the desired effect was achieved ... the title refers to this process (excavation) 5. tension between nonfigurative abstract art and also the figures involved (facial features, etc)

Marcel Duchamp, The Large Glass or The Bride Stripped Bare by her Bachelors, Even, 1915-1923

1. sexuality of machines 2. incomplete, dropped, then stated that it was complete 3. the top frame is the bride and the bottom is the bachelors.. bride will fall into corruption of the men

Francis Picabia, Portrait of a Young American Girl in a State of Nudity, 1915

1. sexuality of machines: it's a spark plug 2. Implications that machine made things...reproduction 3. repetitive movements, redudance of modern life

Paul Padua, The Storyteller, 1944

1. used in German propaganda 2. one of Hitler's favorite artists 3. very conventional realistic style; avante garde reacted to this and avoided this style 4. appropiated by Hitler 5. very easy, simple style (combination of many styles to make it easy to comprehend) 6. Most famous work - "The Fuhrer Speaks" - portrait of Hitler 7. in his early years, his works glorified german landscapes

Lee Krasner, Composition, 1947

1. wife of Pollock, but wanted to differentiate her style from his 2. used much smaller canvas than Pollock and much more restricted gestures 3. was criticized for tidying up Pollock's style 4. hieroglyphs because of her interest in hieroglyphics 5. Krasner also worked on flat surfaces and used various tools to apply the paint, as well as just dripping from the can -smaller canvas because large canvas was a very masculine, combative space and women wanted to be unique from this by tightening up their style and downsizing the canvas

Mark Rothko, Brown, Blue, and Brown on Blue, 1953

Abstract Expressionism: Avant garde movement, is this the best way to go.. more accessable language for the public? American movement 1. very large canvas because this could better overwhelm and draw in the viewer - you become part of the painting 2. Abstract Expressionism; abstract 3. shallow space 4. color field painting: stained pigment soaked into canvas and layering of color 5. moving, spiritual effect of colors power the painting -Rothko wrote an article called, The Romantics are Prompted -talks about effects of sublime in abstract, modern terms -Rothko's thinking: small picture is outside of your experience, but a large painting is not something that you can command... he wants to produce something that is universal -they want to find a universal language that anyone can access, an experience for everyone -Rothko and Barnett do not want to be absorbed by mass culture -works are meant to be separate from pop culture and preserve what is left of humanity and human experience -Rothko says he is not an abstractionist because he thinks of his paintings as being alive - carry meaning

Hugo Ball, Karawane, Cabaret Voltaire, 1915

Dada Movement: - anti war, started WW1at the Cabaret Voltaire - rejection of dark modernity and violent technologies (guns,etc.) -his best friend died in the war - HUGE INFLUENCE -Voltaire (philosophe) - enlighten people on ideals not involving the war 1. sound poetry, performed weird poem called Karawane consisting of nonsensical words 2. Dada, anti-war, absurd - must oppose rationality because rational thinking brought the war 3. performed at Cabaret Voltaire, where a bunch of artists fled to avoid drafts during WW1

Marcel Duchamp as Rrose Selavy, 1921

Duchamp not associated with particualar style or group...all duchamp images 1. Selavy, "such is life" Rrose, "love" Love is life, pun 2. Cross Dressing, breaking with conventions 3. Duchamp becomes apart of his art work by putting himself in the photograph and playing the role of a woman 4. The photograph is not assicated with a particular art movement or group of arstists, he had his own style unique to himself and his art.

Giacomo Balla, Abstraction, Speed, Noise, 1913

Futurism: Historical context, disallusionment of modern life, excitiment assocaited with WW1.War would present opp. to begin new. Italian based movement, release italy from the past. Italy was one of the last European countries to industrilize...speed and technology. Avant garde, clear movement. 1. Futurist in style because the image looks as if it is moving due to the long, rapid brush strokes and blurred lines 2. Balla was an Italian artist and wanted to show the industrialization and development within Italy in the early 20th century, the image is indicitive of movement and technology 3. Abstraction in a way because technology is abstract 4. The title "Abstraction, speed, Noise" relates to the form and content of the painting, the painting looks like it is moving light and speed...a modern, technological idea

International Dada Fair, Berlin, 1920

Prussian Arch Angle at the first international fair in berlin (event announced berlin dada) -sensors closed the whole show down due to this angel -not a normal exhibition -'art is dead', 'dada is political' all over the walls

Francis Picabia, Amourous Parade, 1917

Sexual connotations, see 8.

Horacio Ferrer, Madrid (Black Airplanes), 1937 what does form have to do with content?

Too similar in style for the avant garde realistic painting -Spanish Civil War - avant garde & accessability - tension between realism and abstraction, which is better? - realisic is easy to understand for all people; but abstraction makes you think critically... you want to have a big audience but you also don't want your work to be easy to reproduce -Form and content...how to connect the two

Giorgio De Chirico, The Child's Brain, 1914

connection between De chirico and Breton, sees painting out of bus window and buys painting 1. Surrealist, painting 2. Breton instresed in painting because it symbolized the unconscious 3. uncanny 4. how do you tap into unconscious 5. work influenced by Freud and psychosexual theories 6. Work is reflection of de Chirico's unconscious mind: people suggest that maybe he witnessed his parents love making as a child (symbolized by the yellow book with red bookmark) 7. figure has masculine and feminine features

Willem de Kooning, Woman I, 1950-51

exhibition "arists and wives" abstract expressionism leaves out women nude woman, abstract but still nude, objectified but not idealized

F.T. Marinetti and Luigi Russolo with Russolo's intonamurori, c. 1912

large brass music...bizzare sounds - writes to intellectual asking about futurism. -Marinetti was the leader of the pack -futurists interested in the future -celebrate all that is new -want to free Italy from the past -trying to capture the speed and energy of the people and city and time -invented musical instruments and wrote a cook book -Marinetti published an ad in a conservative magazine that looked like an article that promotes futurism; sends letters to people and asked what they thought of futurism

Andy Warhol, Marilyn Diptych, 1962

o After she committed suicide, takes a large canvas and adds the colors one at a time on a silk screen o Everyone wants to think they know Marilyn...urge to know something about the star o Takes a photograph of her and makes it a stencil, by repeating her face we know her but in the commercial world her picture is repeating through movies, ads, etc. o Idea of the real ..suggests that these people are saints, not entirely neutral o Mechanical reproduction through not painting directly o Poses questions about relationships to mass media, being seen and seeing is escalating • Warhol and Lichtenstein are interested in the commercial world - pop artists try to talk about culture - how it is about commercialism/ consumerism • Abstract impressionism went abstract in order to have a universal language that couldn't be appropriated by commercial culture...only place they could escape commercialism/ express humanity -two part image (in color and in black and white) -silk screen technique used -Marylin Monroe is a star and has a tragic end (suicide) -the repetition of Marylin Monroe, slightly different each time -black and white looks like film reels in a way -meant to be a completely neutral image - but definitely loaded image - repetition desensitizes you - a star is scene over and over again

Mark Rothko, Untitled, 1949.

see slide 37